Pomes Penyeach
Encyclopedia
Pomes Penyeach is a collection of thirteen short poems written by James Joyce
.
It was written over a twenty-year period from 1904 to 1924 and originally published on 7 July 1927 by Shakespeare and Co
. for the price of one shilling (twelve pennies) or twelve francs. The title is a play on "poems" and “pommes” (the French word for apples) which are here offered at “a penny each” in either currency. It was the custom for Irish tradespeople of the time to offer their customers a “tilly” (in Irish, tuilleadh) or extra serving – just as English bakers had developed the tradition of the “Baker's dozen”, offering thirteen loaves instead of twelve. The first poem of Pomes Penyeach is entitled “Tilly” and represents the bonus offering of this penny-a-poem collection. (The poem was originally entitled “Cabra
”, after the district of Dublin where Joyce was living at the time of his mother’s death.)
The poems were initially rejected for publication by Ezra Pound
. Although paid scant attention on its initial publication, this slender volume (the collection contains fewer than 1000 words in total) has proven surprisingly durable, and a number of its poems (particularly "Tilly", "A flower given to my daughter", "On the beach at Fontana", and "Bahnhofstrasse") continue to appear in anthologies to this day.
"Pomes Penyeach" contains a number of Joycean neologisms (“rosefrail”, “moongrey” and “sindark”, for example) created by melding two words into a new compound. The word “love” appears thirteen times in this collection of thirteen short poems (and the word “heart” appears almost as frequently) in a variety of contexts. Sometimes romantic love
is intended, in tones that vary from sentimental or nostalgic (“O sighing grasses,/Vainly your loveblown bannerets mourn!”) to scathing (“They mouth love’s language. Gnash/ The thirteen teeth/ Your lean jaws grin with”). Yet at its best Joyce’s poetry achieves, like his prose, a sense of vitality and loving compassion. (“From whining wind and colder/ Grey sea I wrap him warm/ And touch his trembling fineboned shoulder/ And boyish arm. // Around us fear, descending/ Darkness of fear above/ And in my heart how deep unending/ Ache of love!”)
Tilly (Dublin, 1904, originally known as “Cabra”)
Watching the Needleboats at San Sabba (Trieste
, 1912)
A Flower Given to My Daughter (Trieste, 1913)
She Weeps over Rahoon (Trieste, 1913)
Tutto è sciolto (Trieste, 13 July 1914)
On the Beach at Fontana (Trieste, 1914)
Simples (Trieste, 1914)
Flood (Trieste, 1915)
Nightpiece (Trieste, 22 January 1915)
Alone (Zurich,1916)
A Memory of the Players in a Mirror at Midnight (Zurich, 1917)
Bahnhofstrasse (Zurich, 1918)
A Prayer (Paris 1924)
James Joyce
James Augustine Aloysius Joyce was an Irish novelist and poet, considered to be one of the most influential writers in the modernist avant-garde of the early 20th century...
.
It was written over a twenty-year period from 1904 to 1924 and originally published on 7 July 1927 by Shakespeare and Co
Shakespeare and Company (bookshop)
Shakespeare and Company is the name of two independent bookstores on Paris' Left Bank. The first was opened by Sylvia Beach on 17 November 1919 at 8 rue Dupuytren before moving to larger premises at 12 rue de l'Odéon in the 6th arrondissement in 1922. During the 1920s, it was a gathering place for...
. for the price of one shilling (twelve pennies) or twelve francs. The title is a play on "poems" and “pommes” (the French word for apples) which are here offered at “a penny each” in either currency. It was the custom for Irish tradespeople of the time to offer their customers a “tilly” (in Irish, tuilleadh) or extra serving – just as English bakers had developed the tradition of the “Baker's dozen”, offering thirteen loaves instead of twelve. The first poem of Pomes Penyeach is entitled “Tilly” and represents the bonus offering of this penny-a-poem collection. (The poem was originally entitled “Cabra
Cabra, Dublin
Cabra is a suburb on the northside of Dublin city in Ireland. It is approximately northwest of the city centre, in the administrative area of Dublin City Council. It was commonly known as Cabragh until the early 20th century.- Transport and access:...
”, after the district of Dublin where Joyce was living at the time of his mother’s death.)
The poems were initially rejected for publication by Ezra Pound
Ezra Pound
Ezra Weston Loomis Pound was an American expatriate poet and critic and a major figure in the early modernist movement in poetry...
. Although paid scant attention on its initial publication, this slender volume (the collection contains fewer than 1000 words in total) has proven surprisingly durable, and a number of its poems (particularly "Tilly", "A flower given to my daughter", "On the beach at Fontana", and "Bahnhofstrasse") continue to appear in anthologies to this day.
"Pomes Penyeach" contains a number of Joycean neologisms (“rosefrail”, “moongrey” and “sindark”, for example) created by melding two words into a new compound. The word “love” appears thirteen times in this collection of thirteen short poems (and the word “heart” appears almost as frequently) in a variety of contexts. Sometimes romantic love
Romantic love
Romance is the pleasurable feeling of excitement and mystery associated with love.In the context of romantic love relationships, romance usually implies an expression of one's love, or one's deep emotional desires to connect with another person....
is intended, in tones that vary from sentimental or nostalgic (“O sighing grasses,/Vainly your loveblown bannerets mourn!”) to scathing (“They mouth love’s language. Gnash/ The thirteen teeth/ Your lean jaws grin with”). Yet at its best Joyce’s poetry achieves, like his prose, a sense of vitality and loving compassion. (“From whining wind and colder/ Grey sea I wrap him warm/ And touch his trembling fineboned shoulder/ And boyish arm. // Around us fear, descending/ Darkness of fear above/ And in my heart how deep unending/ Ache of love!”)
The Poems
The contents of Pomes Penyeach are listed below, with the date and place of their composition:Tilly (Dublin, 1904, originally known as “Cabra”)
Watching the Needleboats at San Sabba (Trieste
Trieste
Trieste is a city and seaport in northeastern Italy. It is situated towards the end of a narrow strip of land lying between the Adriatic Sea and Italy's border with Slovenia, which lies almost immediately south and east of the city...
, 1912)
A Flower Given to My Daughter (Trieste, 1913)
She Weeps over Rahoon (Trieste, 1913)
Tutto è sciolto (Trieste, 13 July 1914)
On the Beach at Fontana (Trieste, 1914)
Simples (Trieste, 1914)
Flood (Trieste, 1915)
Nightpiece (Trieste, 22 January 1915)
Alone (Zurich,1916)
A Memory of the Players in a Mirror at Midnight (Zurich, 1917)
Bahnhofstrasse (Zurich, 1918)
A Prayer (Paris 1924)