A Pond liner is an impermeable geomembrane used for water retention, including the lining of lakes, garden ponds and artificial streams in parks and gardens. Pond liners need to be protected from sharp objects (eg stones)below the liner and from being punctured by any objects in the water body. Protection can be provided with layers of sand, concrete, fiber-matting and other materials. Pond liners are manufactured in rolls. Strips of liner can be seamed or welded together on site; and a number of flexible types, such as PVC

PVC

Polyvinyl chloride is a plastic.PVC may also refer to:*Param Vir Chakra, India's highest military honor*Peripheral venous catheter, a small, flexible tube placed into a peripheral vein in order to administer medication or fluids...

 and EPDM, can have their panels pre-fabricated together in the factory to fit the design shape of the pond.

The edge of the pond liner can be rolled over and secured in a trench or it can be fixed to a vertical wall made in brick or concrete. Box-shaped pond liners can be made for rectangular structures. The vast majority of flexible pond liners available commercially are manufactured of EPDM, butyl rubber

Butyl rubber

Butyl rubber is a synthetic rubber, a copolymer of isobutylene with isoprene. The abbreviation IIR stands for Isobutylene Isoprene Rubber. Polyisobutylene, also known as "PIB" or polyisobutene, n, is the homopolymer of isobutylene, or 2-methyl-1-propene, on which butyl rubber is based...

 or PVC

PVC

Polyvinyl chloride is a plastic.PVC may also refer to:*Param Vir Chakra, India's highest military honor*Peripheral venous catheter, a small, flexible tube placed into a peripheral vein in order to administer medication or fluids...

, with EPDM being the most popular at the moment due to cost. A newer method involves a spray-based coating known as polyurea

Polyurea

Polyurea is a type of elastomer that is derived from the reaction product of an isocyanate component and a synthetic resin blend component through step-growth polymerization. The isocyanate can be aromatic or aliphatic in nature. It can be monomer, polymer, or any variant reaction of isocyanates,...

, and though the cost of using polyurea is considerably higher than flexible sheets, the lifespan of the material may be much longer than any other.

See also

• Landscape engineering
  Landscape engineering
  Landscape engineering or landscaping is the application of mathematics and science to shape land and waterscapes. It can also be described as green engineering, but the design professionals best known for landscape engineering are landscape architects...
  
  
• Raceway (aquaculture)
  Raceway (aquaculture)
  A raceway, also known as a flow-through system, is an artificial channel used in aquaculture to culture aquatic organisms. Raceway systems are among the earliest methods used for inland aquaculture. A raceway usually consists of rectangular basins or canals constructed of concrete and equipped with...
  
  
• Raceway pond
  Raceway pond
  A raceway pond is a shallow artificial pond used in the cultivation of algae.The pond is divided into a rectangular grid, with each rectangle containing one channel in the shape of an oval, like an automotive raceway circuit. From above, many ponds look like a maze...
  
  
• Garden pond
  Garden pond
  A garden pond is a water feature constructed in a garden or designed landscape, normally for aesthetic purposes and/or to provide wildlife habitat.-Habitat:...
  
  

External links

• "How to calculate pond liner size"
• "Flexible Pond Liners"