Ponera is a genus

Genus

In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...

 of ponerine

Ponerinae

Ponerinae is a subfamily of ants in the Poneromorph subfamilies group, with about 1,600 species in 28 extant genera, including Dinoponera gigantea - one of the world's largest species of ant....

 ant

Ant

Ants are social insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants evolved from wasp-like ancestors in the mid-Cretaceous period between 110 and 130 million years ago and diversified after the rise of flowering plants. More than...

s.

Description

This genus is very similar to Cryptopone

Cryptopone

Cryptopone is a genus of ants.- Species :* Cryptopone butteli Forel, 1913* Cryptopone crassicornis * Cryptopone fusciceps Emery, 1900* Cryptopone gilva * Cryptopone guatemalensis...

, Hypoponera

Hypoponera

Hypoponera is a genus of ants.- Species :* Hypoponera abeillei * Hypoponera abyssinica * Hypoponera aethiopica * Hypoponera agilis...

and Pachycondyla

Pachycondyla

Pachycondyla is a diverse group of ponerine ants that are widespread in the world's tropics and subtropics. Most are general predators or scavengers, with some specializing in hunting termites. In some species queens are replaced by fertilised workers...

.

Biology

Ponera nests contain less than 100 workers in protected places on the ground, most often in the soil or in cracks, rotten wood, under bark or moss on rotten logs.

Distribution

Ponera is known from the Holarctic

Holarctic

The Holarctic ecozone refers to the habitats found throughout the northern continents of the world as a whole. This region is divided into the Palearctic, consisting of Northern Africa and all of Eurasia, with the exception of Southeast Asia and the Indian subcontinent, and the Nearctic,...

, Samoa

Samoa

Samoa , officially the Independent State of Samoa, formerly known as Western Samoa is a country encompassing the western part of the Samoan Islands in the South Pacific Ocean. It became independent from New Zealand in 1962. The two main islands of Samoa are Upolu and one of the biggest islands in...

, New Guinea

New Guinea

New Guinea is the world's second largest island, after Greenland, covering a land area of 786,000 km2. Located in the southwest Pacific Ocean, it lies geographically to the east of the Malay Archipelago, with which it is sometimes included as part of a greater Indo-Australian Archipelago...

 and Australia

Australia

Australia , officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania, and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. It is the world's sixth-largest country by total area...

.

Species

• Ponera affinis Jerdon, 1850
• Ponera alisana Terayama, 1986
• Ponera alpha Taylor, 1967
• Ponera atavia Mayr, 1868
• Ponera augusta Taylor, 1967
• Ponera bableti Perrault, 1993
• Ponera baka Xu, 2001
• Ponera bawana Xu, 2001
• Ponera bishamon Terayama, 1996
• Ponera borneensis Taylor, 1967
• Ponera chapmani Taylor, 1967
• Ponera chiponensis Terayama, 1986
• Ponera clavicornis Emery, 1900
• Ponera coarctata (Latreille, 1802)
• Ponera colaensis Mann, 1921
• Ponera diodonta Xu, 2001
• Ponera elegantissima Meunier, 1923
• Ponera elegantula Wilson, 1957
• Ponera exotica Smith, 1962
• Ponera guangxiensis Zhou, 2001
• Ponera incerta (Wheeler, 1933)
• Ponera japonica Wheeler, 1906
• Ponera Kohmoku Terayama, 1996
• Ponera leae Forel, 1913
• Ponera leptocephala Emery, 1891
• Ponera loi Taylor, 1967
• Ponera longlina Xu, 2001
• Ponera manni Taylor, 1967
• Ponera minuta Donisthorpe, 1920
• Ponera nangongshana Xu, 2001
• Ponera oreas Wheeler, 1933
• Ponera paedericera Zhou, 2001
• Ponera pennsylvanica
  Ponera pennsylvanica
  Ponera pennsylvanica is a species of ant that is usually found in mesic forests in the Eastern United States. The species' nests are usually found under rotting logs, in rotting stumps or logs, in acorns, in soil, and in leaf mold. Ant colonies usually have no more than 100 worker ants....
  
  Buckley, 1866
• Ponera pentodontus Xu, 2001
• Ponera petila Wilson, 1957
• Ponera pianmana Xu, 2001
• Ponera pumila Jerdon, 1851
• Ponera scabra Wheeler, 1928
• Ponera selenophora Emery, 1900
• Ponera sinensis Wheeler, 1928
• Ponera swezeyi Wheeler, 1933
• Ponera syscena Wilson, 1957
• Ponera sysphinctoides Bernard, 1950
• Ponera szaboi Wilson, 1957
• Ponera szentivanyi Wilson, 1957
• Ponera taipingensis Forel, 1913
• Ponera takaminei Tarayama, 1996
• Ponera tamon Terayama, 1996
• Ponera tenuis Emery, 1900
• Ponera testacea Csosz, 2003
• Ponera woodwardi Taylor, 1967
• Ponera Xantha Xu, 2001
• Ponera xenagos Wilson, 1957
• Ponera yakushimensis Tanaka, 1974

Popular culture

In Soul Eater

Soul Eater (manga)

is a Japanese manga written and illustrated by Atsushi Ōkubo. Set at the "Death Weapon Meister Academy," the series revolves around three teams consisting of a weapon meister and human weapon...

: Monotone Princess for the Wii, there is a character given the same name as her namesake.

External links

• Ponera at AntWeb