Poronaysk
Encyclopedia
Poronaysk is a town
in Sakhalin Oblast
, Russia
, located on the Poronay River some 288 km north of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
. It is the administrative center of Poronaysky District
. Population: 17,400 (2005 est.); 17,954 (2002 Census
); 25,971 (1989 Census
).
settlements in the area. The Treaty of Portsmouth
saw the town along with the rest of the southern half of the island Sakhalin
transferred to Japanese control. The settlement was renamed , remaining under Japanese control until the Soviet army
retook the whole of the island in 1945.
After the town had been granted to the Soviet Union
, it was named Poronaysk in 1946, after the river on which it stands. The river's name is from an Ainu
term meaning Broad River.
(Dfc) with short, mild and very foggy summers and very cold winters.
The town lies on the island's railway network, as well as on the main highway connecting Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
with Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky
.
Types of settlements in Russia
The classification system of the types of inhabited localities in Russia, the former Soviet Union, and some other post-Soviet states has certain peculiarities compared to the classification systems in other countries.-Modern classification in Russia:...
in Sakhalin Oblast
Sakhalin Oblast
Sakhalin Oblast is a federal subject of Russia comprising the island of Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands.The oblast has an area of 87,100 km² and a population of 546,695...
, Russia
Russia
Russia or , officially known as both Russia and the Russian Federation , is a country in northern Eurasia. It is a federal semi-presidential republic, comprising 83 federal subjects...
, located on the Poronay River some 288 km north of Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
-Demographics:Most residents are ethnic Russians, but there also exists a sizable population of Koreans. Of the 43,000 Sakhalin Koreans, half are estimated to live in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, comprising roughly 12% of the city's population...
. It is the administrative center of Poronaysky District
Poronaysky District
Poronaysky District is an administrative district , one of the 17 in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia....
. Population: 17,400 (2005 est.); 17,954 (2002 Census
Russian Census (2002)
Russian Census of 2002 was the first census of the Russian Federation carried out on October 9 through October 16, 2002. It was carried out by the Russian Federal Service of State Statistics .-Resident population:...
); 25,971 (1989 Census
Soviet Census (1989)
The 1989 Soviet census, conducted between January 12-19 of that year, was the last one conducted in the former USSR. It resulted in a total population of 286,730,819 inhabitants...
).
History
Poronaysk was founded in 1869 as a Russian outpost Tikhmenevsky nearby Nivkh and AinuAinu people
The , also called Aynu, Aino , and in historical texts Ezo , are indigenous people or groups in Japan and Russia. Historically they spoke the Ainu language and related varieties and lived in Hokkaidō, the Kuril Islands, and much of Sakhalin...
settlements in the area. The Treaty of Portsmouth
Treaty of Portsmouth
The Treaty of Portsmouth formally ended the 1904-05 Russo-Japanese War. It was signed on September 5, 1905 after negotiations at the Portsmouth Naval Shipyard in Kittery, Maine in the USA.-Negotiations:...
saw the town along with the rest of the southern half of the island Sakhalin
Sakhalin
Sakhalin or Saghalien, is a large island in the North Pacific, lying between 45°50' and 54°24' N.It is part of Russia, and is Russia's largest island, and is administered as part of Sakhalin Oblast...
transferred to Japanese control. The settlement was renamed , remaining under Japanese control until the Soviet army
Soviet Army
The Soviet Army is the name given to the main part of the Armed Forces of the Soviet Union between 1946 and 1992. Previously, it had been known as the Red Army. Informally, Армия referred to all the MOD armed forces, except, in some cases, the Soviet Navy.This article covers the Soviet Ground...
retook the whole of the island in 1945.
After the town had been granted to the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
, it was named Poronaysk in 1946, after the river on which it stands. The river's name is from an Ainu
Ainu language
Ainu is one of the Ainu languages, spoken by members of the Ainu ethnic group on the northern Japanese island of Hokkaidō....
term meaning Broad River.
Climate
Poronaysk, owing to the cold Sea of Okhotsk surrounding the town, has a subarctic climateSubarctic climate
The subarctic climate is a climate characterized by long, usually very cold winters, and short, cool to mild summers. It is found on large landmasses, away from the moderating effects of an ocean, generally at latitudes from 50° to 70°N poleward of the humid continental climates...
(Dfc) with short, mild and very foggy summers and very cold winters.
Economy and infrastructure
Poronaysk has a paper mill, as well as timber and fishing industries. The powerstation Sakhalinskaya GRES is supplied with coal from an open cut mine close to the town.The town lies on the island's railway network, as well as on the main highway connecting Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk
-Demographics:Most residents are ethnic Russians, but there also exists a sizable population of Koreans. Of the 43,000 Sakhalin Koreans, half are estimated to live in Yuzhno-Sakhalinsk, comprising roughly 12% of the city's population...
with Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky
Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky
Alexandrovsk-Sakhalinsky is a town in Sakhalin Oblast, Russia, located near the Tatar Strait on the western shores of Northern Sakhalin at the foot of the Western Sakhalin Mountains. Population: 21,000 . It was known as during Japanese occupation between 1918-1925.-History:A settlement called...
.