Pragmatic Sanction of 1830
Encyclopedia
The Pragmatic Sanction of 1830 , issued March 29, 1830 by King Ferdinand VII of Spain, ratified a Decree of 1789 by Charles IV of Spain
, which had replaced the semi-Salic system established by Philip V of Spain
with the mixed succession system that predated the Bourbon
monarchy (see also Carlism
).
When Philip V
, from the French Bourbon
acceded to the Spanish throne in the Spanish War of Succession, he brought with him the Salic Law
, which restricted succession to the throne to the direct male line. However, King Ferdinand VII of Spain had fathered only two daughters, Isabella
and Luisa Ferdinand of Bourbon
. Ferdinand's father, Charles IV of Spain
made a weak attempt to eliminate the Salic Law, and Ferdinand brought forth the The Pragmatic Sanction of 1830, so that his oldest daughter would inherit the throne and be declared queen upon his death, as was the Spanish custom.
This removed his brother, Infante Carlos, Count of Molina
, as the next in the line of succession under Salic Law. Charles' supporters, among whom was Francisco Calomarde
, pressured Ferdinand VII to repeal the Pragmatic Sanction. However, a severe attack of gout
incapacitated Ferdinand and when he died on 29 September 1833, Isabella was proclaimed Queen. Since she was still a minor, the kingdom fell under the regency of her mother Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
.
Charles IV of Spain
Charles IV was King of Spain from 14 December 1788 until his abdication on 19 March 1808.-Early life:...
, which had replaced the semi-Salic system established by Philip V of Spain
Philip V of Spain
Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a...
with the mixed succession system that predated the Bourbon
House of Bourbon
The House of Bourbon is a European royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Bourbon kings first ruled Navarre and France in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Bourbon dynasty also held thrones in Spain, Naples, Sicily, and Parma...
monarchy (see also Carlism
Carlism
Carlism is a traditionalist and legitimist political movement in Spain seeking the establishment of a separate line of the Bourbon family on the Spanish throne. This line descended from Infante Carlos, Count of Molina , and was founded due to dispute over the succession laws and widespread...
).
When Philip V
Philip V of Spain
Philip V was King of Spain from 15 November 1700 to 15 January 1724, when he abdicated in favor of his son Louis, and from 6 September 1724, when he assumed the throne again upon his son's death, to his death.Before his reign, Philip occupied an exalted place in the royal family of France as a...
, from the French Bourbon
House of Bourbon
The House of Bourbon is a European royal house, a branch of the Capetian dynasty . Bourbon kings first ruled Navarre and France in the 16th century. By the 18th century, members of the Bourbon dynasty also held thrones in Spain, Naples, Sicily, and Parma...
acceded to the Spanish throne in the Spanish War of Succession, he brought with him the Salic Law
Salic law
Salic law was a body of traditional law codified for governing the Salian Franks in the early Middle Ages during the reign of King Clovis I in the 6th century...
, which restricted succession to the throne to the direct male line. However, King Ferdinand VII of Spain had fathered only two daughters, Isabella
Isabella II of Spain
Isabella II was the only female monarch of Spain in modern times. She came to the throne as an infant, but her succession was disputed by the Carlists, who refused to recognise a female sovereign, leading to the Carlist Wars. After a troubled reign, she was deposed in the Glorious Revolution of...
and Luisa Ferdinand of Bourbon
Infanta Luisa Fernanda, Duchess of Montpensier
Infanta María Luisa Fernanda of Spain was Infanta of Spain and Duchess of Montpensier. She was the youngest daughter of king Ferdinand VII of Spain and his fourth wife Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies, the queen-regent, who was also his niece.-Biography:-Heiress-presumptive:When her elder...
. Ferdinand's father, Charles IV of Spain
Charles IV of Spain
Charles IV was King of Spain from 14 December 1788 until his abdication on 19 March 1808.-Early life:...
made a weak attempt to eliminate the Salic Law, and Ferdinand brought forth the The Pragmatic Sanction of 1830, so that his oldest daughter would inherit the throne and be declared queen upon his death, as was the Spanish custom.
This removed his brother, Infante Carlos, Count of Molina
Infante Carlos, Count of Molina
The Infante Carlos of Spain was the second surviving son of King Charles IV of Spain and of his wife, Maria Luisa of Parma. As Carlos V he was the first of the Carlist claimants to the throne of Spain...
, as the next in the line of succession under Salic Law. Charles' supporters, among whom was Francisco Calomarde
Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arría
Francisco Tadeo Calomarde y Arría was a Spanish statesman.-Biography:Calomarde was born in Villel, Aragon, to poor parents....
, pressured Ferdinand VII to repeal the Pragmatic Sanction. However, a severe attack of gout
Gout
Gout is a medical condition usually characterized by recurrent attacks of acute inflammatory arthritis—a red, tender, hot, swollen joint. The metatarsal-phalangeal joint at the base of the big toe is the most commonly affected . However, it may also present as tophi, kidney stones, or urate...
incapacitated Ferdinand and when he died on 29 September 1833, Isabella was proclaimed Queen. Since she was still a minor, the kingdom fell under the regency of her mother Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies
Maria Christina of the Two Sicilies was Queen consort of Spain and Regent of Spain .-Early years and first marriage:...
.