President of Serbia and Montenegro
Encyclopedia
The President of Serbia and Montenegro was the head of state
of Serbia and Montenegro
. From its establishment in 1992 until 2003, when the country was reconstituted as a conferederacy
(state union) via constitutional reform, the head of state was known as the President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . With the constitutional reforms of 2003 and the merging of the offices of head of government
and head of state, the full title of the president was President of Serbia and Montenegro and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro . In 2006 the office was abolished as the state union was dissolved, with Serbia
and Montenegro
becoming independent countries.
In 2003, the powers of the president were extended to include the right to chair the Council of Ministers and propose the composition of the Council of Ministers to the parliament, effectively merging the powers of the head of government into the office.
for a four year term. The President of Serbia and Montenegro was a member of the Supreme Defence Council together with President of Serbia
and President of Montenegro
.
The results of the direct presidential elections of 2000 were as follows:
(SFRY) in 1992 up until its dissolution in 2006. Svetozar Marović
of the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro
was the only President of Serbia and Montenegro after its constitutional reforms and reconstitution as a confederacy. He was inaugurated on March 7 2003. After the declaration of independence of Montenegro
, on June 3, 2006, the President announced on June 4, 2006 the termination of his office.
Head of State
A head of state is the individual that serves as the chief public representative of a monarchy, republic, federation, commonwealth or other kind of state. His or her role generally includes legitimizing the state and exercising the political powers, functions, and duties granted to the head of...
of Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro
Serbia and Montenegro was a country in southeastern Europe, formed from two former republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia : Serbia and Montenegro. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, it was established in 1992 as a federation called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...
. From its establishment in 1992 until 2003, when the country was reconstituted as a conferederacy
Constitutional Charter of Serbia and Montenegro
The Constitutional Charter of the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro came into force on 4 February 2003, and united Serbia and Montenegro under one government, the State Union of Serbia and Montenegro, replacing the earlier Federal Republic of Yugoslavia....
(state union) via constitutional reform, the head of state was known as the President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia . With the constitutional reforms of 2003 and the merging of the offices of head of government
Head of government
Head of government is the chief officer of the executive branch of a government, often presiding over a cabinet. In a parliamentary system, the head of government is often styled prime minister, chief minister, premier, etc...
and head of state, the full title of the president was President of Serbia and Montenegro and Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro . In 2006 the office was abolished as the state union was dissolved, with Serbia
Serbia
Serbia , officially the Republic of Serbia , is a landlocked country located at the crossroads of Central and Southeast Europe, covering the southern part of the Carpathian basin and the central part of the Balkans...
and Montenegro
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
becoming independent countries.
Authority
As head of state, the President had the power to- represent the country at home and abroad
- appoint and recall heads of diplomatic and consular missions
- receive letters of credence and recall from foreign diplomatic representatives
- confer medals and other decorations
- promulgate laws passed by the Parliament
- call for parliamentary elections
In 2003, the powers of the president were extended to include the right to chair the Council of Ministers and propose the composition of the Council of Ministers to the parliament, effectively merging the powers of the head of government into the office.
Elections
From 1992 to 2000, the president was elected at the proposal of the President and Vice President of the Federal Assembly of Yugoslavia for a four year term. After the constitutional amendments of 2000, direct elections for the office of President were introduced. After the constitutional reforms of 2003, the president was elected at the proposal of the President and Vice President of the Parliament of Serbia and MontenegroParliament of Serbia and Montenegro
The Parliament of Serbia and Montenegro was the legislative body of Serbia and Montenegro. The parliament was unicameral and was made up of 126 deputies, of which 91 were from Serbia and 35 were from Montenegro. The parliament was established in 2003, and was a replacement for the Federal...
for a four year term. The President of Serbia and Montenegro was a member of the Supreme Defence Council together with President of Serbia
President of Serbia
The President of Serbia is the head of state of Serbia. Presently serving as the head of state is Boris Tadić. He was elected with a narrow majority of 50.31% in the 2008 Serbian presidential elections.-Authority, legal and constitutional rights:...
and President of Montenegro
President of Montenegro
-Presidents of Montenegro:-See also:*President of Serbia and Montenegro*President of Yugoslavia*List of Presidents of Montenegro*Prime Minister of Montenegro-External links:*...
.
The results of the direct presidential elections of 2000 were as follows:
| Candidate | Nominator | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|---|
| Vojislav Koštunica Vojislav Koštunica Vojislav Koštunica is a Serbian politician, statesman and the president of the Democratic Party of Serbia. He was the last President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, succeeding Slobodan Milošević and serving from 2000 to 2003... |
Democratic Opposition of Serbia Democratic Opposition of Serbia The Democratic Opposition of Serbia was a wide alliance of political parties in Serbia , formed as a coalition against the ruling Socialist Party of Serbia and its leader, Slobodan Milošević in 2000... |
2,470,304 | 50.24 |
| Slobodan Milošević Slobodan Milošević Slobodan Milošević was President of Serbia and Yugoslavia. He served as the President of Socialist Republic of Serbia and Republic of Serbia from 1989 until 1997 in three terms and as President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000... |
Socialist Party of Serbia Socialist Party of Serbia The Socialist Party of Serbia is officially a democratic socialist political party in Serbia. It is also widely recognized as a de facto Serbian nationalist party, though the party itself does not officially acknowledge this... |
1,826,799 | 37.15 |
| Tomislav Nikolić Tomislav Nikolic Tomislav "Toma" Nikolić is a Serbian politician, President of the Serbian Progressive Party. He is also a former member of the Serbian Radical Party, where he served as Deputy Leader of the party and parliamentary leader during the absence of Vojislav Šešelj... |
Serbian Radical Party Serbian Radical Party The Serbian Radical Party is a far-right Serbian nationalist political party in Serbia, founded in 1991. Currently the second-largest party in the Serbian National Assembly, it has branches in three of the nations that currently border Serbia – all former federal republics of Yugoslavia... |
289,013 | 5.88 |
| Vojislav Mihailović Vojislav Mihailovic Vojislav Mihailović is a Serbian politician, former Mayor of Belgrade and currently a co-president of the Serbian Democratic Renewal Movement.... |
Serbian Renewal Movement Serbian Renewal Movement The Serbian Renewal Movement is a political party in Serbia.It was founded in 1990.In 1997 a dissident group abandoned the party and formed New Serbia.... |
145,019 | 2.95 |
| Miodrag Vidojković | Affirmative Party | 45,964 | 0.93 |
| Total (turnout 71.5%) | 4,778,929 | 100.0 | |
| Invalid | 137,991 | ||
| Total votes | 4,916,920 | ||
| Eligible voters | 6,871,595 | ||
Presidents
There were seven Presidents of FR Yugoslavia (two acting) after its assertion of independence from the Socialist Federal Republic of YugoslaviaSocialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia
The Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia was the Yugoslav state that existed from the abolition of the Yugoslav monarchy until it was dissolved in 1992 amid the Yugoslav Wars. It was a socialist state and a federation made up of six socialist republics: Bosnia and Herzegovina, Croatia,...
(SFRY) in 1992 up until its dissolution in 2006. Svetozar Marović
Svetozar Marovic
Svetozar Marović ; born March 31, 1955) is a lawyer and a Montenegrin politician. He was the only president of Serbia and Montenegro...
of the Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro
Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro
The Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro is the ruling social-democratic political party in Montenegro....
was the only President of Serbia and Montenegro after its constitutional reforms and reconstitution as a confederacy. He was inaugurated on March 7 2003. After the declaration of independence of Montenegro
Montenegro
Montenegro Montenegrin: Crna Gora Црна Гора , meaning "Black Mountain") is a country located in Southeastern Europe. It has a coast on the Adriatic Sea to the south-west and is bordered by Croatia to the west, Bosnia and Herzegovina to the northwest, Serbia to the northeast and Albania to the...
, on June 3, 2006, the President announced on June 4, 2006 the termination of his office.
| Order | Head of State | Lifespan | Took office | Left office | Political party | Note | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Presidents of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia 1992-2003 |
||||||||
| 1 | Dobrica Ćosić Dobrica Cosic Dobrica Ćosić is a Serbian writer, as well as a political and Serb nationalist theorist. He was the first president of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1992 to 1993... |
1921– | 15 June 1992 | 1 June 1993 | Independent Independent (politician) In politics, an independent or non-party politician is an individual not affiliated to any political party. Independents may hold a centrist viewpoint between those of major political parties, a viewpoint more extreme than any major party, or they may have a viewpoint based on issues that they do... |
|||
| N/A |  |
Miloš Radulović (acting) |
1929– | 1 June 1993 | 25 June 1993 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro The Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro is the ruling social-democratic political party in Montenegro.... |
Acting | |
| 2 | |
Zoran Lilić Zoran Lilic Zoran Lilić is a Serbian. He served as President of the National Assembly of Serbia in 1993 and as President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1993 to 1997.... |
1953– | 25 June 1993 | 25 June 1997 | Socialist Party of Serbia Socialist Party of Serbia The Socialist Party of Serbia is officially a democratic socialist political party in Serbia. It is also widely recognized as a de facto Serbian nationalist party, though the party itself does not officially acknowledge this... |
||
| N/A | |
Srđa Božović (acting) |
1955– | 25 June 1997 | 23 July 1997 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro The Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro is the ruling social-democratic political party in Montenegro.... |
Acting | |
| 3 | Slobodan Milošević Slobodan Milošević Slobodan Milošević was President of Serbia and Yugoslavia. He served as the President of Socialist Republic of Serbia and Republic of Serbia from 1989 until 1997 in three terms and as President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia from 1997 to 2000... |
1941–2006 | 23 July 1997 | 7 October 2000 | Socialist Party of Serbia Socialist Party of Serbia The Socialist Party of Serbia is officially a democratic socialist political party in Serbia. It is also widely recognized as a de facto Serbian nationalist party, though the party itself does not officially acknowledge this... |
|||
| 4 | Vojislav Koštunica Vojislav Koštunica Vojislav Koštunica is a Serbian politician, statesman and the president of the Democratic Party of Serbia. He was the last President of the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia, succeeding Slobodan Milošević and serving from 2000 to 2003... |
1944– | 7 October 2000 | 7 March 2003 | Democratic Party of Serbia Democratic Party of Serbia The Democratic Party of Serbia is a political party in Serbia.-Foundation:The Democratic Party of Serbia was founded when a faction of the Democratic Party that supported its involvement in the Democratic Movement of Serbia split from the party and formed their own in 1992.Soon after the March... |
|||
| President of Serbia and Montenegro 2003-2006 |
||||||||
| 5 | Svetozar Marović Svetozar Marovic Svetozar Marović ; born March 31, 1955) is a lawyer and a Montenegrin politician. He was the only president of Serbia and Montenegro... |
1955– | 7 March 2003 | 3 June 2006 | Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro The Democratic Party of Socialists of Montenegro is the ruling social-democratic political party in Montenegro.... |
Also head of government as the Chairman of the Council of Ministers of Serbia and Montenegro (offices merged) |
||
See also
- Politics of Serbia and MontenegroPolitics of Serbia and MontenegroThe Politics of Serbia and Montenegro took place in a framework of a federal parliamentary republic with a multi-party system. The President was both head of state and, following constitutional reforms in 2003, head of government. Executive power was exercised by the Council of Ministers...
- Serbia and MontenegroSerbia and MontenegroSerbia and Montenegro was a country in southeastern Europe, formed from two former republics of the Socialist Federal Republic of Yugoslavia : Serbia and Montenegro. Following the breakup of Yugoslavia, it was established in 1992 as a federation called the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia...
- Prime Minister of Serbia and MontenegroPrime Minister of Serbia and MontenegroThe Prime Minister of Serbia and Montenegro was the head of government of Serbia and Montenegro from its establishment in 1992 up until the state's dissolution in 2006...