Presidential Symphony Orchestra
Encyclopedia
Presidential Symphony Orchestra (Turkish: Cumhurbaşkanlığı Senfoni Orkestrası) is the presidential symphony orchestra of the Republic of Turkey. It is headquartered in Ankara
. It is one of the first symphony orchestra's in the world.
After The Auspicious Incident
and closing of the Janissary
in 1826 by His Imperial Majesty Sultan Mahmud II
the Mehter Band was transformed to a western band. Later, on September 17, 1828, Giuseppe Donizetti
assumed the role of principal conductor. Until His Imperial Majesty Sultan Vahdeddin the band was called Mizika-i Humayun (Mızıka-ı Humayun, the Imperial Band). With Vahdeddin's reign it was then to be called Makam-i Hilafet Muzikasi (The Caliphs Band).
After the foundation of the Turkish Republic, the State orchestra
moved to the new capital Ankara on April 27, 1924 upon the orders of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
, Founding President of the Republic of Turkey. Upon moving to Ankara, the Musiki Muallim Mektebi (Music Teachers School)was also formed (in 1924) with the efforts of Zeki Üngör
. This school later became the basis of the Ankara State Conservatory
.
On June 25, 1932 the orchestra received the title of the Presidents office and was called the "Riyaseti Cumhur Orkestrasi" (Republican Orkestra). With this new formation the band and the orchestra clearly separated. Hasan Ferit Alnar became the new conductor of the orchestra up until 1957. In 1957 a new law passed and the name of the orchestra was changed to the "Cumhurbaskanligi Senfoni Orkestrasi" ("Presidential Symphony Orchestra").
Today, the Orchestra is internationally acclaimed and has performed Germany, Austria, Bulgaria, Rumania, Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, Italy, France, Switzerland, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Spain, Poland, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, South Korea, Japan, USA and England http://cso.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9&Itemid=27.
Ankara
Ankara is the capital of Turkey and the country's second largest city after Istanbul. The city has a mean elevation of , and as of 2010 the metropolitan area in the entire Ankara Province had a population of 4.4 million....
. It is one of the first symphony orchestra's in the world.
After The Auspicious Incident
The Auspicious Incident
The Auspicious Incident was the forced disbandment of the centuries-old Janissary corps by Ottoman sultan Mahmud II in June 1826....
and closing of the Janissary
Janissary
The Janissaries were infantry units that formed the Ottoman sultan's household troops and bodyguards...
in 1826 by His Imperial Majesty Sultan Mahmud II
Mahmud II
Mahmud II was the 30th Sultan of the Ottoman Empire from 1808 until his death in 1839. He was born in the Topkapi Palace, Istanbul, the son of Sultan Abdulhamid I...
the Mehter Band was transformed to a western band. Later, on September 17, 1828, Giuseppe Donizetti
Giuseppe Donizetti
Giuseppe Donizetti was, from 1828, Instructor General of the Imperial Ottoman Music at the court of Sultan Mahmud II .His younger brother Gaetano Donizetti was a famous Italian opera composer...
assumed the role of principal conductor. Until His Imperial Majesty Sultan Vahdeddin the band was called Mizika-i Humayun (Mızıka-ı Humayun, the Imperial Band). With Vahdeddin's reign it was then to be called Makam-i Hilafet Muzikasi (The Caliphs Band).
After the foundation of the Turkish Republic, the State orchestra
Orchestra
An orchestra is a sizable instrumental ensemble that contains sections of string, brass, woodwind, and percussion instruments. The term orchestra derives from the Greek ορχήστρα, the name for the area in front of an ancient Greek stage reserved for the Greek chorus...
moved to the new capital Ankara on April 27, 1924 upon the orders of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk
Mustafa Kemal Atatürk was an Ottoman and Turkish army officer, revolutionary statesman, writer, and the first President of Turkey. He is credited with being the founder of the Republic of Turkey....
, Founding President of the Republic of Turkey. Upon moving to Ankara, the Musiki Muallim Mektebi (Music Teachers School)was also formed (in 1924) with the efforts of Zeki Üngör
Zeki Ungor
Osman Zeki Üngör was a Turkish composer, violin virtuoso and lyricist, who served as the first conductor of the Presidential Symphony Orchestra of the Republic of Turkey....
. This school later became the basis of the Ankara State Conservatory
Ankara State Conservatory
The Ankara State Conservatory, the first conservatory to be founded in the Republic of Turkey, was established in 1936 by a directive of Mustafa Kemal Atatürk.- Notable attendees :* Paul Hindemith* Carl Ebert* Evelyn Baghtcheban* Samin Baghtcheban...
.
On June 25, 1932 the orchestra received the title of the Presidents office and was called the "Riyaseti Cumhur Orkestrasi" (Republican Orkestra). With this new formation the band and the orchestra clearly separated. Hasan Ferit Alnar became the new conductor of the orchestra up until 1957. In 1957 a new law passed and the name of the orchestra was changed to the "Cumhurbaskanligi Senfoni Orkestrasi" ("Presidential Symphony Orchestra").
Today, the Orchestra is internationally acclaimed and has performed Germany, Austria, Bulgaria, Rumania, Yugoslavia, the Soviet Union, Italy, France, Switzerland, Iran, Iraq, Lebanon, Sweden, Norway, Finland, Spain, Poland, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, South Korea, Japan, USA and England http://cso.gov.tr/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=9&Itemid=27.
Principal Conductors of Presidential Symphony Orchestra
- Zeki Üngör (1924–1934)
- Ahmet Adnan Saygun (1934–1935)
- Dr. Ernst Praetorious (1935–1946)
- Hasan Ferit Alnar (1946–1957)
- Robert Lawrance (1957–1959)
- Hikmet Simsek (1959–2001)
- Bruno Bogo (1960–1962)
- Otto Matzerath (1962–1963)
- Prof. Gotthold E. Lessing (1963–1971)
- Jean Perrison (1971–1977)
- Tadeusz Strugala (1977-19??)
- Gürer AykalGürer AykalGürer Aykal is a Turkish conductor and Adjunct Professor at Bilkent University. He has been the musical director and principal conductor of the Borusan Istanbul Philharmonic Orchestra since 1999.-Education:...
(1988-)
Current Guest Conductors of Presidential Symphony Orchestra
- Alexander Rahbari
- Alparslan Ertüngealp
- Antonio Pirolli
- Burak Tüzün
- Cem Mansur
- Doron Salomon
- Emil TabakovEmil TabakovEmil Tabakov is a Bulgarian conductor, composer, and double-bass player. He is the former chief conductor of the Belgrade Philharmonic Orchestra and Bilkent Symphony Orchestra. He has composed seven symphonies, instrumental concertos, and a requiem to date....
- Emin Güven Yaslicam
- Erol Erdinc
- Ertug Korkmaz
- Ibrahim Yazici
- Marek Pijarowski
- Michel TabachnikMichel TabachnikMichel Tabachnik is a Swiss conductor and composer.-Early years:Michel Tabachnik was born in Geneva, where he studied piano, composition and conducting. As a young conductor he was a protégé of Igor Markevitch, Herbert von Karajan and Pierre Boulez, acting as the latter's assistant for four years,...
- Naci Özgüc
- Rengim GökmenRengim GökmenRengim Gokmen is a Turkish conductor. He is the Principal Conductor and Artistic Director of Presidential Symphony Orchestra and General Director of Turkish State Opera and Ballet.-Early life and education:...
- Server Ganiev
- Shardad RohaniShardad RohaniShahrdad Rohani is an Iranian composer, violinist/pianist, and conductor.- Musical career :His style is contemporary and he is well known for composing and conducting classical, film as well as pop music...
- Tadeusz Strugala
- Dmitry YablonskyDmitry YablonskyDmitry Yablonsky is a Russian classical cellist and conductor.- Biography and career :Yablonsky was born in Moscow in a musical family; his mother is the pianist Oxana Yablonskaya, and his father, Albert Zaionz, is principal oboist with the Moscow Radio and Television Orchestra...
External links
- http://www.beethovenlives.net/muzika.htm (Turkish)
- http://www.cso.gov.tr/ (Official website of the Turkish Presidential Symphony Orchestra)