Prince Frederick of Hesse
Encyclopedia
Landgrave Frederick III of Hesse-Kassel (11 September 1747 – 20 May 1837), born Prince Frederick of Hesse, was a younger member of the dynasty that ruled the Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel
(or Hesse-Cassel) and a Danish general.
He was born as the youngest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (the future Landgrave Frederick II
) and Princess Mary of Great Britain
. He was the last surviving grandchild of George II of Great Britain
, dying one month before his first cousin twice removed, Victoria
ascended to the throne.
, and in 1755 formally ended the marriage. The young prince Frederick, together with his two elder brothers, were with their mother the landgravine Mary and became since 1747 fostered by Protestant relatives and soon moved to Denmark, to be guests of her sister Louise of Great Britain
who however died in 1751. His two elder brothers married Danish princesses, their first cousins, in 1763 and 1766 respectively. They remained in Denmark, becoming its important lords and royal functionaries. Only his eldest brother returned to Kassel, in 1785 when ascending the landgraviate.
(4 April 1762 Biebrich
- 17 August 1823 Offenbach), a remarkable heiress of a family which went extinct in male line. Her inheritance included the castle of Rumpenheim, Offenbach, which became the family's seat.
Hesse-Kassel
The Landgraviate of Hesse-Kassel or Hesse-Cassel was a state in the Holy Roman Empire under Imperial immediacy that came into existence when the Landgraviate of Hesse was divided in 1567 upon the death of Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse. His eldest son William IV inherited the northern half and the...
(or Hesse-Cassel) and a Danish general.
He was born as the youngest son of Hereditary Prince Frederick of Hesse-Kassel (the future Landgrave Frederick II
Frederick II, Landgrave of Hesse
Frederick II was Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel from 1760 to 1785. He ruled as an enlightened despot, and raised money by renting soldiers to Great Britain to help fight the American Revolutionary War...
) and Princess Mary of Great Britain
Princess Mary of Great Britain
The Princess Mary was a member of the British Royal Family, a daughter of George II and Caroline of Ansbach.-Early life:...
. He was the last surviving grandchild of George II of Great Britain
George II of Great Britain
George II was King of Great Britain and Ireland, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Archtreasurer and Prince-elector of the Holy Roman Empire from 11 June 1727 until his death.George was the last British monarch born outside Great Britain. He was born and brought up in Northern Germany...
, dying one month before his first cousin twice removed, Victoria
Victoria of the United Kingdom
Victoria was the monarch of the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland from 20 June 1837 until her death. From 1 May 1876, she used the additional title of Empress of India....
ascended to the throne.
Youth
His father, the then hereditary prince (who reigned from 1760 and died in 1785) had in 1747 left the family and soon converted CatholicismCatholicism
Catholicism is a broad term for the body of the Catholic faith, its theologies and doctrines, its liturgical, ethical, spiritual, and behavioral characteristics, as well as a religious people as a whole....
, and in 1755 formally ended the marriage. The young prince Frederick, together with his two elder brothers, were with their mother the landgravine Mary and became since 1747 fostered by Protestant relatives and soon moved to Denmark, to be guests of her sister Louise of Great Britain
Louise of Great Britain
Louise of Great Britain was the youngest surviving daughter of George II of Great Britain and Caroline of Ansbach, and became queen consort of Denmark and Norway.-Early life:...
who however died in 1751. His two elder brothers married Danish princesses, their first cousins, in 1763 and 1766 respectively. They remained in Denmark, becoming its important lords and royal functionaries. Only his eldest brother returned to Kassel, in 1785 when ascending the landgraviate.
Marriage
He married Princess Caroline of Nassau-UsingenPrincess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen
Princess Caroline of Nassau-Usingen was the elder daughter of Karl Wilhelm, Prince of Nassau-Usingen, and wife of Landgrave Frederick of Hesse-Kassel.-Early life:...
(4 April 1762 Biebrich
Biebrich
Biebrich is the name of two places in Germany.*Biebrich, a borough of Wiesbaden, Hesse, until 1926 an independent town*Biebrich, Rhineland Palatinate, a small municipality in the Rhein-Lahn district, near Katzenelnbogen...
- 17 August 1823 Offenbach), a remarkable heiress of a family which went extinct in male line. Her inheritance included the castle of Rumpenheim, Offenbach, which became the family's seat.
Children
- William (24 December 1787-5 September 1867), married Louise Charlotte of Denmark (1789–1864) and was the father of Louise of Hesse-KasselLouise of Hesse-KasselLouise of Hesse was a German Princess and the queen consort to King Christian IX of Denmark.-Early Life and Ancestry:...
(wife of Christian IX of DenmarkChristian IX of DenmarkChristian IX was King of Denmark from 16 November 1863 to 29 January 1906.Growing up as a prince of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg-Glücksburg, a junior branch of the House of Oldenburg which had ruled Denmark since 1448, Christian was originally not in the immediate line of succession to the Danish...
). - Karl Friedrich (9 March 1789-10 September 1802)
- Friedrich Wilhelm (24 April 1790-25 October 1876)
- Ludwig Karl (12 November 1791-12 May 1800)
- Georg Karl (14 January 1793-4 March 1881)
- Luise Karoline Marie Friederike (9 April 1794-16 March 1881)
- Marie Wilhelmine Friederike (21 January 1796-30 December 1880), married Georg, Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Strelitz (1779–1860)
- Augusta Wilhelmine Luise (25 July 1797-6 April 1889), married Prince Adolphus, Duke of CambridgePrince Adolphus, Duke of CambridgeThe Prince Adolphus, 1st Duke of Cambridge , was the tenth child and seventh son of George III and Queen Charlotte. He held the title of Duke of Cambridge from 1801 until his death. He also served as Viceroy of Hanover on behalf of his brothers George IV and William IV...
(1774–1850)