Pura, Switzerland
Encyclopedia
Pura is a municipality
in the district of Lugano
in the canton
of Ticino
in Switzerland
.
In the Middle Ages
several institutions such as the monastery of San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro
in Pavia
, Como Cathedral
, Disentis Abbey
and the monastery of Agno possessed property or land in Pura.
The village was part of the Agno parish
until 1603 when it became a separate parish. The parish church
of San Martino was first mentioned in 1352. It was rebuilt in 1580 and expanded between 1642 and 1658.
The village economy was based mainly on agriculture, livestock and the dairy industry. The dairy cooperative opened in 1890. Due to limited farming land many of the residents emigrated in the 19th Century. The majority of them went to Italy
to work as brickmakers. In the 1960s, a strong construction boom began. By 2000, approximately three quarters of the working population are commuters, especially to Lugano
.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 14.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.0%. Out of the forested land, 69.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 5.9% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 4.9% is used for growing crops, while 3.0% is used for orchards or vine crops and 14.1% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 0.3% is in lakes and 0.3% is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Lugano district, on a terrace above the Magliasina, in the mid-Malcantone valley. It consists of the village of Pura and the hamlets
of Magliasina and Moriscio.
Pura lies nestled in chestnut tree covered slopes of the Malcantone region of Ticino. Pura overlooks Lake Lugano
and boasts impressive views of the mountains Monte Bre, Monte San Salvatore and Monte Generoso. Historically the village was covered in vineyards, although with very limited land available for building purposes coupled with the high cost of land has meant that over the years many of the vineyards have largely been built upon. Pura is considered to be a rural area and is only 15 minutes from the center of Lugano and located only 10 minutes from Agno Airport. Pura is only a 15 minute walk into Italy. Being close to the border, border security is important the Swiss, security is provided by border patrols (Guarda di Confine) and even high flying observational drones or UAV's.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Or two guns sable in slatire in chief a sieve and in base a horn both azure. The coat of arms comes from the Beroldingen family. Pura was part of the hunting area owned by the family, so the colors are from the family, with hunting symbols added.
Most of the population speaks Italian
(74.1%), with German
being second most common (18.0%) and French
being third (3.4%). Of the Swiss national languages , 187 speak German, 35 people speak French, 771 people speak Italian. The remainder (47 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 46.6% male and 53.4% female. The population was made up of 467 Swiss men (35.8% of the population), and 142 (10.9%) non-Swiss men. There were 599 Swiss women (45.9%), and 98 (7.5%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 8 live births to Swiss citizens and 1 birth to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 5 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 3 while the foreign population remained the same. There were 2 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there was 1 non-Swiss man and 4 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 38 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 5 people. This represents a population growth rate of 3.4%.
The age distribution, , in Pura is; 130 children or 10.0% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 137 teenagers or 10.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 128 people or 9.8% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 161 people or 12.3% are between 30 and 39, 224 people or 17.2% are between 40 and 49, and 195 people or 14.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 157 people or 12.0% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 105 people or 8.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 69 people or 5.3% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 56.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 438 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. there were 306 single family homes (or 75.0% of the total) out of a total of 408 inhabited buildings. There were 63 two family buildings (15.4%) and 24 multi-family buildings (5.9%). There were also 15 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 594 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 5 room apartment of which there were 194. There were 35 single room apartments and 194 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 437 apartments (73.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 152 apartments (25.6%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (0.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 5.5 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
.
the most popular party was the CVP
which received 26.85% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
(22.7%), the FDP
(20.48%) and the Ticino League
(12.87%). In the federal election, a total of 432 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 49.3%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 907 registered voters in Pura, of which 500 or 55.1% voted. 4 blank ballots were cast, leaving 496 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD
+GenGiova which received 114 or 23.0% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS
(with 91 or 18.3%), the PLRT
(with 89 or 17.9%) and the SSI (with 75 or 15.1%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 7 blank ballots and 1 null ballot were cast, leaving 492 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PS which received 106 or 21.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD (with 105 or 21.3%), the LEGA (with 102 or 20.7%) and the PLRT (with 90 or 18.3%).
, there were 77 workers who commuted into the municipality and 356 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 4.6 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 28.6% of the workforce coming into Pura are coming from outside Switzerland. Of the working population, 7.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 66.8% used a private car.
, there was one hotel in Pura.
. There are 110 individuals (or about 10.58% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 33 individuals (or about 3.17% of the population) did not answer the question.
).
In Pura there were a total of 215 students . The Ticino education system
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
and in Pura there were 37 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 77 students attended the standard primary schools and 1 student attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 41 students in the two year middle school and 1 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 24 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 16 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 17 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There was 1 student in the professional program.
, there were 2 students in Pura who came from another municipality, while 155 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Lugano
Lugano (district)
The district of Lugano is a district of Canton Ticino, Switzerland. It has a population of .-Geography:The Lugano District has an area, , of . Of this area, or 15.7% is used for agricultural purposes, while or 66.5% is forested...
in the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Ticino
Ticino
Canton Ticino or Ticino is the southernmost canton of Switzerland. Named after the Ticino river, it is the only canton in which Italian is the sole official language...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Pura is first mentioned around 751-760, though this is found in a 17th Century copy of the original.In the Middle Ages
Middle Ages
The Middle Ages is a periodization of European history from the 5th century to the 15th century. The Middle Ages follows the fall of the Western Roman Empire in 476 and precedes the Early Modern Era. It is the middle period of a three-period division of Western history: Classic, Medieval and Modern...
several institutions such as the monastery of San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro
San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro
San Pietro in Ciel d'Oro is a Roman Catholic basilica of the Augustinians in Pavia, Italy, in the Lombardy region. Its name refers to the mosaics of gold leaf behind glass tesserae that formerly decorated the ceiling of the apse. The plain exterior is of brick, with sandstone quoins and window...
in Pavia
Pavia
Pavia , the ancient Ticinum, is a town and comune of south-western Lombardy, northern Italy, 35 km south of Milan on the lower Ticino river near its confluence with the Po. It is the capital of the province of Pavia. It has a population of c. 71,000...
, Como Cathedral
Como Cathedral
Como Cathedral is the Roman Catholic cathedral of the city of Como, Lombardy, Italy, and the seat of the Bishop of Como. It is dedicated to the Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary. The cathedral, located near Lake Como, is one of the most important buildings in the region...
, Disentis Abbey
Disentis Abbey
Disentis Abbey is a Benedictine monastery in the Canton of Graubünden in eastern Switzerland, around which the present town of Disentis grew up.-Foundation to 19th century:...
and the monastery of Agno possessed property or land in Pura.
The village was part of the Agno parish
Parish
A parish is a territorial unit historically under the pastoral care and clerical jurisdiction of one parish priest, who might be assisted in his pastoral duties by a curate or curates - also priests but not the parish priest - from a more or less central parish church with its associated organization...
until 1603 when it became a separate parish. The parish church
Parish church
A parish church , in Christianity, is the church which acts as the religious centre of a parish, the basic administrative unit of episcopal churches....
of San Martino was first mentioned in 1352. It was rebuilt in 1580 and expanded between 1642 and 1658.
The village economy was based mainly on agriculture, livestock and the dairy industry. The dairy cooperative opened in 1890. Due to limited farming land many of the residents emigrated in the 19th Century. The majority of them went to Italy
Italy
Italy , officially the Italian Republic languages]] under the European Charter for Regional or Minority Languages. In each of these, Italy's official name is as follows:;;;;;;;;), is a unitary parliamentary republic in South-Central Europe. To the north it borders France, Switzerland, Austria and...
to work as brickmakers. In the 1960s, a strong construction boom began. By 2000, approximately three quarters of the working population are commuters, especially to Lugano
Lugano
Lugano is a city of inhabitants in the city proper and a total of over 145,000 people in the agglomeration/city region, in the south of Switzerland, in the Italian-speaking canton of Ticino, which borders Italy...
.
Geography
Pura has an area, , of 3.04 square kilometres (1.2 sq mi). Of this area, 0.67 km² (0.258688446256998 sq mi) or 22.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 2.28 km² (0.88031292159098 sq mi) or 75.0% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.53 km² (0.204634144054044 sq mi) or 17.4% is settled (buildings or roads), 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.7% is either rivers or lakes and 0.02 km² (4.9 acre) or 0.7% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 14.1% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.0%. Out of the forested land, 69.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 5.9% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 4.9% is used for growing crops, while 3.0% is used for orchards or vine crops and 14.1% is used for alpine pastures. Of the water in the municipality, 0.3% is in lakes and 0.3% is in rivers and streams.
The municipality is located in the Lugano district, on a terrace above the Magliasina, in the mid-Malcantone valley. It consists of the village of Pura and the hamlets
Hamlet (place)
A hamlet is usually a rural settlement which is too small to be considered a village, though sometimes the word is used for a different sort of community. Historically, when a hamlet became large enough to justify building a church, it was then classified as a village...
of Magliasina and Moriscio.
Pura lies nestled in chestnut tree covered slopes of the Malcantone region of Ticino. Pura overlooks Lake Lugano
Lake Lugano
Lake Lugano is a glacial lake in the south-east of Switzerland, at the border between Switzerland and Italy. The lake, named after the city of Lugano, is situated between Lake Como and Lago Maggiore...
and boasts impressive views of the mountains Monte Bre, Monte San Salvatore and Monte Generoso. Historically the village was covered in vineyards, although with very limited land available for building purposes coupled with the high cost of land has meant that over the years many of the vineyards have largely been built upon. Pura is considered to be a rural area and is only 15 minutes from the center of Lugano and located only 10 minutes from Agno Airport. Pura is only a 15 minute walk into Italy. Being close to the border, border security is important the Swiss, security is provided by border patrols (Guarda di Confine) and even high flying observational drones or UAV's.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Or two guns sable in slatire in chief a sieve and in base a horn both azure. The coat of arms comes from the Beroldingen family. Pura was part of the hunting area owned by the family, so the colors are from the family, with hunting symbols added.
Demographics
Pura has a population of . , 18.1% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1997–2007) the population has changed at a rate of 23.5%.Most of the population speaks Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
(74.1%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common (18.0%) and French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
being third (3.4%). Of the Swiss national languages , 187 speak German, 35 people speak French, 771 people speak Italian. The remainder (47 people) speak another language.
, the gender distribution of the population was 46.6% male and 53.4% female. The population was made up of 467 Swiss men (35.8% of the population), and 142 (10.9%) non-Swiss men. There were 599 Swiss women (45.9%), and 98 (7.5%) non-Swiss women.
In there were 8 live births to Swiss citizens and 1 birth to non-Swiss citizens, and in same time span there were 5 deaths of Swiss citizens and 1 non-Swiss citizen death. Ignoring immigration and emigration, the population of Swiss citizens increased by 3 while the foreign population remained the same. There were 2 Swiss women who immigrated back to Switzerland. At the same time, there was 1 non-Swiss man and 4 non-Swiss women who immigrated from another country to Switzerland. The total Swiss population change in 2008 (from all sources, including moves across municipal borders) was an increase of 38 and the non-Swiss population change was an increase of 5 people. This represents a population growth rate of 3.4%.
The age distribution, , in Pura is; 130 children or 10.0% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 137 teenagers or 10.5% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 128 people or 9.8% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 161 people or 12.3% are between 30 and 39, 224 people or 17.2% are between 40 and 49, and 195 people or 14.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 157 people or 12.0% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 105 people or 8.0% are between 70 and 79, there are 69 people or 5.3% who are over 80.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.55 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.6 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43.1 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 56.5% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 438 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.3 persons per household. there were 306 single family homes (or 75.0% of the total) out of a total of 408 inhabited buildings. There were 63 two family buildings (15.4%) and 24 multi-family buildings (5.9%). There were also 15 buildings in the municipality that were multipurpose buildings (used for both housing and commercial or another purpose).
The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 0%. there were 594 apartments in the municipality. The most common apartment size was the 5 room apartment of which there were 194. There were 35 single room apartments and 194 apartments with five or more rooms. Of these apartments, a total of 437 apartments (73.6% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 152 apartments (25.6%) were seasonally occupied and 5 apartments (0.8%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 5.5 new units per 1000 residents.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Heritage sites of national significance
The Shrine at Monti Mondin is listed as a Swiss heritage site of national significanceSwiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance
The Swiss Inventory of Cultural Property of National and Regional Significance is a register of some 8,300 items of cultural property in Switzerland...
.
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the CVP
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
which received 26.85% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(22.7%), the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(20.48%) and the Ticino League
Ticino League
The Ticino League is an isolationist, national conservative political party in Switzerland active in the canton of Ticino.In 1991, after some public campaigning in the Sunday journal Mattino della Domenica against political power and use of public money, the editor Giuliano Bignasca and the...
(12.87%). In the federal election, a total of 432 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 49.3%.
In the Gran Consiglio election, there were a total of 907 registered voters in Pura, of which 500 or 55.1% voted. 4 blank ballots were cast, leaving 496 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PPD
Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland
The Christian Democratic People's Party of Switzerland is a Christian democratic political party in Switzerland. It is the fourth-largest party in the National Council, with 31 seats, and the largest in the Council of States, with 15 seats. It has one seat, that of Doris Leuthard, on the Swiss...
+GenGiova which received 114 or 23.0% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PS
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(with 91 or 18.3%), the PLRT
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(with 89 or 17.9%) and the SSI (with 75 or 15.1%).
In the Consiglio di Stato election, 7 blank ballots and 1 null ballot were cast, leaving 492 valid ballots in the election. The most popular party was the PS which received 106 or 21.5% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were; the PPD (with 105 or 21.3%), the LEGA (with 102 or 20.7%) and the PLRT (with 90 or 18.3%).
Economy
, Pura had an unemployment rate of 3.33%. , there were 21 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 4 businesses involved in this sector. 29 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 11 businesses in this sector. 90 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 25 businesses in this sector. There were 467 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 42.8% of the workforce., there were 77 workers who commuted into the municipality and 356 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 4.6 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. About 28.6% of the workforce coming into Pura are coming from outside Switzerland. Of the working population, 7.9% used public transportation to get to work, and 66.8% used a private car.
, there was one hotel in Pura.
Religion
From the , 743 or 71.4% were Roman Catholic, while 154 or 14.8% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. There are 110 individuals (or about 10.58% of the population) who belong to another church (not listed on the census), and 33 individuals (or about 3.17% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Pura about 79.4% of the population (between age 25-64) have completed either non-mandatory upper secondary education or additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
).
In Pura there were a total of 215 students . The Ticino education system
Education in Switzerland
The education system in Switzerland is very diverse, because the constitution of Switzerland delegates the authority for the school system mainly to the cantons...
provides up to three years of non-mandatory kindergarten
Kindergarten
A kindergarten is a preschool educational institution for children. The term was created by Friedrich Fröbel for the play and activity institute that he created in 1837 in Bad Blankenburg as a social experience for children for their transition from home to school...
and in Pura there were 37 children in kindergarten. The primary school program lasts for five years and includes both a standard school and a special school. In the municipality, 77 students attended the standard primary schools and 1 student attended the special school. In the lower secondary school system, students either attend a two year middle school followed by a two year pre-apprenticeship or they attend a four year program to prepare for higher education. There were 41 students in the two year middle school and 1 in their pre-apprenticeship, while 24 students were in the four year advanced program.
The upper secondary school includes several options, but at the end of the upper secondary program, a student will be prepared to enter a trade or to continue on to a university or college. In Ticino, vocational students may either attend school while working on their internship or apprenticeship (which takes three or four years) or may attend school followed by an internship or apprenticeship (which takes one year as a full-time student or one and a half to two years as a part-time student). There were 16 vocational students who were attending school full-time and 17 who attend part-time.
The professional program lasts three years and prepares a student for a job in engineering, nursing, computer science, business, tourism and similar fields. There was 1 student in the professional program.
, there were 2 students in Pura who came from another municipality, while 155 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
External links
- Homepage Pura Official website