Puri
Encyclopedia
Puri is district headquarter, a city situated about 60 kilometres (37 mi) south of state capital Bhubaneswar
Bhubaneswar
Bhubaneswar is the capital of the Indian state of Orissa, officially Odisha. The city has a long history of over 2000 years starting with Chedi dynasty who had Sisupalgarh near present-day Bhubaneswar as their capital...

, on the eastern coast of the Bay of Bengal
Bay of Bengal
The Bay of Bengal , the largest bay in the world, forms the northeastern part of the Indian Ocean. It resembles a triangle in shape, and is bordered mostly by the Eastern Coast of India, southern coast of Bangladesh and Sri Lanka to the west and Burma and the Andaman and Nicobar Islands to the...

 in the India
India
India , officially the Republic of India , is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by geographical area, the second-most populous country with over 1.2 billion people, and the most populous democracy in the world...

n state of Orissa
Orissa
Orissa , officially Odisha since Nov 2011, is a state of India, located on the east coast of India, by the Bay of Bengal. It is the modern name of the ancient nation of Kalinga, which was invaded by the Maurya Emperor Ashoka in 261 BC. The modern state of Orissa was established on 1 April...

. It is also known as Jagannath Puri after the Jagannath Temple
Jagannath Temple (Puri)
The Jagannath Temple in Puri is a famous Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath and located in the coastal town of Puri in the state of Orissa, India. The name Jagannath is a combination of the Sanskrit words Jagat and Nath...

 (built in the late eleventh century). It is a holy city of the Hindus as a part of the Char Dham
Char Dham
The Chota Char Dham , is an important Hindu pilgrimage circuit in the Indian Himalayas...

pilgrimages. It is considered that a pilgrimage of the temples of India is not complete without making the journey to Puri.

Puri also has one of the best beaches for swimming in India and is also a popular beach resort, positioned in a unique place so that both sunset and sunrise can be viewed from the beach
Puri Beach
Puri Beach is a beach in the city of Puri in the state of Orissa, India. It is on the shore of the Bay of Bengal. It is known for being a tourist attraction and a Hindu sacred place...

.

Name

Puri, the holy land of Lord Jagannath, has many names. It is mentioned in Puranas as Srikshetra, Shankhakshetra, Neelāchala, Neelādri, Purusottama Dhāma, Purusottama Kshetra, Purusottama Puri and Jagannath Puri. The word "Puri" in Sanskrit
Sanskrit
Sanskrit , is a historical Indo-Aryan language and the primary liturgical language of Hinduism, Jainism and Buddhism.Buddhism: besides Pali, see Buddhist Hybrid Sanskrit Today, it is listed as one of the 22 scheduled languages of India and is an official language of the state of Uttarakhand...

 means 'town', or 'city' and is cognate with polis in Greek. It is possible that Puri is a shortened name for Jagannath Puri or Purusottama Puri. In some records pertaining to the British rule, the word 'Jagannath' was used for Puri. It is the only shrine in India, where Radha
Radha
Radha , also called Radhika, Radharani and Radhikarani, is the childhood friend and lover of Krishna in the Bhagavata Purana, and the Gita Govinda of the Vaisnava traditions of Hinduism...

, along with Lakshmi
Lakshmi
Lakshmi or Lakumi is the Hindu goddess of wealth, prosperity , light, wisdom, fortune, fertility, generosity and courage; and the embodiment of beauty, grace and charm. Representations of Lakshmi are also found in Jain monuments...

, Durga
Durga
For the 1985 Hindi Film of Rajesh Khanna see DurgaaIn Hinduism, Durga ; ; meaning "the inaccessible" or "the invincible"; , durga) or Maa Durga "one who can redeem in situations of utmost distress" is a form of Devi, the supremely radiant goddess, depicted as having eighteen arms, riding a lion...

, Sati, Parvati
Parvati
Parvati is a Hindu goddess. Parvati is Shakti, the wife of Shiva and the gentle aspect of Mahadevi, the Great Goddess...

, and Shakti
Shakti
Shakti from Sanskrit shak - "to be able," meaning sacred force or empowerment, is the primordial cosmic energy and represents the dynamic forces that are thought to move through the entire universe in Hinduism. Shakti is the concept, or personification, of divine feminine creative power, sometimes...

 abodes with Krishna
Krishna
Krishna is a central figure of Hinduism and is traditionally attributed the authorship of the Bhagavad Gita. He is the supreme Being and considered in some monotheistic traditions as an Avatar of Vishnu...

, also known as Jagannath
Jagannath
Jagannath is a transcendental non-anthropotheistic Hindu god worshiped primarily by the people of Indian state of Orissa, and, to a great extent, West Bengal...

.

History

Puri is the site of the Govardhana matha
Govardhana matha
The Govardhana matha is located in the city of Puri in Orissa state , and is associated with the Jagannath temple. It is one of those four cardinal mathas said to have been founded by Adi Shankara, and is the eastern matha. As per the tradition initiated by Adi Shankara, it is in charge of the Rig...

, one of the four cardinal institutions established by Adi Shankaracharya, the others being those at Sringeri, Dwaraka
Dwarka
Dwarka also spelled Dvarka, Dwaraka, and Dvaraka, is a city and a municipality of Jamnagar district in the Gujarat state in India. Dwarka , also known as Dwarawati in Sanskrit literature is rated as one of the seven most ancient cities in the country...

 and Jyotirmath
Jyotirmath
Jyotirmath , also called Jyotir Math and Joshimath , is a city and a municipal board in Chamoli District in the Indian state of Uttarakhand. It is home to one of the four cardinal pīthas established by Adi Shankara.-Demographics:...

.

Puri is also famous for its annual Ratha Yatra, or "Festival of Chariots
Temple car
Temple cars are chariots used to carry representations of Hindu gods. The car is usually used on festival days, when many people pull the cart....

", when the deities Jagannath
Jagannath
Jagannath is a transcendental non-anthropotheistic Hindu god worshiped primarily by the people of Indian state of Orissa, and, to a great extent, West Bengal...

, Balabhadra, and Subhadra
Subhadra
Image:Jagannath, Baladev and Subadra in Radhadesh.jpg|thumb|right|250px|alt=|Subhadra, flanked by her brothers Balarama and Jagannatha . Deities of the Radhadesh temple in Belgium...

, are brought out of the temple, and placed in a chariot procession. This festival occurs on various dates of the Gregorian calendar, typically in the month of July.

The town is famous for its many Mathas (Monasteries of the various Hindu sects). It also houses the relics of many Hindu figures as traditionally it is seen as a holy place to die in or to be cremated. As a result, it has had a disproportionate number of widows. Like other old Hindu religious towns it has a lot of character that is difficult to be glimpsed or picked up on easily by a casual visitor.

In 1903, Sri Yukteswar established an ashram in the sea-side town of Puri, naming it "Kararashram". From two ashrams, Yukteswar taught students, and began an organization named "Sadhu Sabha."
Srila Bhakti Siddhanta Saraswati Thakur, founder of 64 Sri Gaudiya Maths performed the final past-times of his life in Puri.

Culture and Tradition of Puri

Puri is one of the fascinating littoral district of Orissa. The Cultural heritage of Puri with its long recorded history beginning from third century B. C till present day, The monuments and religious sanctity, way of life of the people with their rich tradition possess emphatically to be the cultural heart of Orissa. In deed Puri is considered cultural capital of Orissa. The culture here is flourished with its manifold activities.

The District has the happy conglomerate of different religions, sects and faith in course of history, Hindu, Buddhist, Jaina, Muslim, Christian, Sikh found here in the District.

Sri Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was a Vaishnava saint and social reformer in eastern India in the 16th century, believed by followers of Gaudiya Vaishnavism to be the full incarnation of Lord Krishna...

, an incarnation of Lord Krishna, appeared 500 (five hundred) years ago, in the mood of a devotee to taste the sublime emotions of ecstacy by chanting the holy name of Krishna. Stalwart scholars of Puri like Sarvabhauma Bhattacharya (head priest and great Sanskrit pandit) and others followed His teachings. Even kings and ministers of His period became His disciples. One famous King, Prataparudra, became His great admirer and ardent follower.

Traditional Fairs and Festivals

The festivals are celebrated in a calendar year relating to Lord Jagannath are:
Festival When celebrated Notes
Car Festival (Ratha Yatra) July
Chandan Yatra April
Gosani Yatra September/October Dasahara
Sahi Yatra March/April for 7 days from Rama Navami
Maha Shiva Ratri February/March in all the Saiva Pithas
Magha Mela January Konark
Boita Bandan October/November Konark
Harirajpur Melan March Harirajpur
Jhamu Yatra Kakatapur May
Dayana chori Ghorodia in Pipil Block
Aunla Navami November Sakshigopal
Makar Mela January Chilika
Bali Harachandi Mela during the Raj Festival in June Brahmagiri
Anabasar Yatra Alaranath Pitha Brhamagiri
Siruli Mahavir Mela Panasankranti- Siruli, Sadar Block
Julana Purnima August Raksha Bandhan


Other Festivals for Tourists
  • Konark festival – Department of Tourism – Government of Orissa – 1st week of December
  • Konark Music & Dance Festival – Konark Natya Mandap – February
  • Basant Utshav – Parampara Raghurajpur
    Raghurajpur
    Raghurajpur is a heritage crafts village in Puri district, Orissa, known for its master Pattachitra painters, an art form which dates back to 5 BC. in the region and Gotipua dance troupes, the precursor to the Indian classical dance form of Odissi; it also known as the birthplace of one of finest...

     – February
  • Puri Beach Festival at Puri – Organised by Hotel & Restaurant Association of Orissa Bhubaneswar – November
  • Sriksetra Mohoshav, Puri – Organised by Srikshetra Mahoshav committee – April
  • Gundicha Utshav at Puri – Organised by Urreka, Puri – June


In all the festivals Odissidance folk dances from different party of the country are staged.

CULTURAL PROGRAM ON SECOND SATURDAY OF EVERY MONTH:

With the objective to encourage the young artist and to display our rich performing art form, Cultural programmee for two hours, in the evening of 2nd Saturday of each month is organized at the collector's conference Hall C (Near Sea bech Police Station) Puri by District Council of culture. The majestic Odissi dance, the lucid Odissi Song and enchanting folk dances are staged in this programmes.

Puri is also famous for its 'Sahi Jatras' which represent the spirit of 'Sahis' (Sahi: Geographical barriers based on occupation)
Every year, strong young men dresees as mythological characters like Ravaan, Durga Madhab, Naga Sanyassi go around the town after seeking blessings from the Shri Jagannath Temple.

Monuments

The important monuments of the District are:
  • Jagannath Temple, Puri
  • Gundicha Temple, Puri
  • Shyamakali Temple, Puri
  • Siddha Mahavir Temple, Puri
  • Swetaganga Tank, Puri
  • Lokonath Temple, Puri
  • Jambeswar temple, Puri
  • Karar Ashram, Kriyayoga Teaching & Meditation Centre, Puri
  • Sapta Matruka images near Markandeswar tank Puri
  • Sun Temple, Konark
  • Barahi Temple, at Chourasi, in Nimapara Block.
  • Mangala Temple, Kakatpur
  • Sakhigopal Temple, at Sakhigopal
  • Amareswar Temple, at Amareswar, Nimapara Block
  • Sculpture shed at Bishnupur, Nimapara
  • Gramswar Temple, Terundia, Nimapara
  • Alarnath Temple, Brahmamgiri
  • Baliharachandi Temple, Brahmagiri, Block
  • Kunteswar Temple, Araorh, Pipil Block
  • Harihar Temple, near Pipil
  • Shiva Temple, Jagadalpur at Delang Block
  • Tara image at Badatara, Gop
  • Bayalisbati Temple, near Gop
  • Mohabir Temple, Siruli Sadar Block
  • Gopaljeeu Temple, Ganeswar Pur, Gop
  • Nilakantheswar Temple,Dighalo,Nimapara
  • Daskhina Kali Mandir ,Biragovindpur,Puri
  • Nilachala Kutir
    Nilachala Kutir
    Nilachala Kutir Hindi: नीलाचल कुटिर) is a religious residence, formerly owned by Swami Nigamanananda, located in the holy city of Puri, India on the shores of the turbulent Bay of Bengal...

     (Swami Nigamananda Ashram), Swargdwar, Puri


The grandeur of architecture and the crafts maintop of the sculptures speak high of the cultural history of Puri District.

Excavated Archeological Sites

The following are the Excavated archeological Sites of Puri District.
  • Kurum is 80 km away from Konark. The excavation work conducted here reveal the remains at Buddhists artifacts at 10th century AD
  • Manikapatana – It is in Krushnaprasad block from which the remains at mediaeval period are found.
  • Klkha patana on Puri-Konark Marine drive road
    National Highway 203 (India)
    National Highway 203 connects Bhubaneswar and Konarak in Orissa, India. It covers a distance of 97 km. It passes through Pipili and Puri.-See also:* National Highway 203A* National Highways Development Project-External links:*...

     where the remains of 15th century was found.


Theatre
Anna Purna Theatre, situated at the grand road Puri, is a pioneer institution in the field of theatrical performances.

Opera

Opera is a popular mobile drama troupe is very popular in the state.

Museum
  • District Museum Puri: With a view to preserve and project our rich cultural heritage, the district Museum at Puri is functioning since 1997. It is one of the branch museum of Orissa state museum and managed by Govt of Orissa. Different veshas of Lord Jagannath, Sculptures of various Kinds, Patta paintings palm leaf paintings, Handicrafts of numerous varieties are displayed in this museum. It is located at the Station Road, Puri-2. There is no entry fee for visiting this museum.
  • Another handicraft museum is situated at Batagaon, 5 km from Puri on Puri Bhubaneswar road. It is managed by a Co-operative Society.
  • A museum has been established inside the Jagannath Temple which showcases history of Jagannath Temple as well as the epics such as Mahabharata and Ramayana.


Libraries
  • District library: The district library of Puri is situated at station road and having more than 15000 books daily newspapers and magazines are brought to this library regularly. It is managed by dept of culture, Govt of Orissa. Anyone interested can read in this library. There is no lending facilities.
  • Panchasakha memorial hall library, Sakhigopal: This library is also managed by the department of culture, Orissa. It has more than 4000 books at its stock. Monday is the weekly holidays.


To extend library activities in rural areas, registered libraries functioning at different parts of the district are encouraged with various distance from Raja Ram Mohan Roy Library Foundation Calcutta through State Govt.

Places of interest

  • Puri is considered a holy place of pilgrimage in India.
  • The beautiful sea beach
    Puri Beach
    Puri Beach is a beach in the city of Puri in the state of Orissa, India. It is on the shore of the Bay of Bengal. It is known for being a tourist attraction and a Hindu sacred place...

     with its unique and fantastic views of sunsets and sunrises.
  • The world famous Jagannath Temple (Bada Deula).
  • Hare Krishna Movement, Puri – originally started by SriChaitanya Mahaprabhu
    Chaitanya Mahaprabhu
    Chaitanya Mahaprabhu was a Vaishnava saint and social reformer in eastern India in the 16th century, believed by followers of Gaudiya Vaishnavism to be the full incarnation of Lord Krishna...

     500 years back & inspired by His Divine Grace A.C.Bhaktivedanta Swami Prabhupada, preaching the sublime method of purifying heart & soul by chanting the Lord Krishna's (Jagannath) holy name.
  • The gateway to heaven (as per Hindu mythology – Swargadwara). Swargadwara means direct gateway to Heaven. Here, there is a Burning Ghat for Hindus. Swarga means Heaven and Dwara means gate.
  • One of the four cardinal institutions established by Adi Shankaracharya – Puri matha
  • Ratha Jatra.
  • Gateway to famous Sun temple (from Puri 36 km.) at Konark
    Konark
    Konark is a small town in Puri district in the state of Orissa, India, on the Bay of Bengal, sixty-five kilometers from Bhubaneswar. It is the site of the 13th-century Sun Temple , built in black granite by King Narasimhadeva-I of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty. The temple is a World Heritage Site...

     from Konark towards north "Kuruma" is the location of a famous Buddhist place. It is possible to walk along the beach from Puri all the way to Konark (or Konarak the name it is also known by) in order to see the Konark Sun Temple
    Konark Sun Temple
    Konark Sun Temple is a 13th-century Sun Temple , at Konark, in Orissa. It was constructed from oxidized and weathered ferruginous sandstone by King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty. The temple is an example of Orissan architecture of Ganga dynasty...

    .
  • Bada Thakura(Lord Jagannath), Bada Danda(Grand Road), Bada Deula(Jagannath temple), Bada Raja(King of puri), Maha Prasada(cooked food from the temple), Maha Dipa(oil candel) etc. are notable persons and things in Puri.
  • Tota Gopinatha mandira, Alharanatha mandir at Bramhagiri.
  • Jayadeba, the famous Oriya poet who has written "Gita Gobinda" in Sanskrit was born in Kenduli Sasan
    Kenduli Sasan
    Kenduli Sasan in Khurda district is the birth place of the Sanskrit lyricist, Jayadeva. Medieval Indian literature refer to this place by the name Kenduvilva.-Location:...

     on the outskirts of Puri.
  • Sakhigopala otherwise known as Satyabadi is a very significant religious place and tourist destination of Puri district. Utkalamani Gopabandhu Dasa with his four friends set up Bakula Bana Bidyalaya here, an open air school which played pivotal role in building character of students. Also immensely contributed to the freedom struggle of India.

Geography

Puri is located at 19.8°N 85.85°E. It has an average elevation of 0 metres (0 feet).

Demographics

India census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...

, Puri had a population of 157,610. Males constitute 52% of the population and females 48%. Puri has an average literacy rate of 75%, higher than the national average of 59.5%: male literacy is 80%, and female literacy is 70%. In Puri, 10% of the population is under 6 years of age.

Tourism

Puri has a very long, broad sand beach. The sea produces very big waves here. It attracts many national and international tourists because of its beautiful long beach and world famous Jagannath Temple
Jagannath Temple (Puri)
The Jagannath Temple in Puri is a famous Hindu temple dedicated to Jagannath and located in the coastal town of Puri in the state of Orissa, India. The name Jagannath is a combination of the Sanskrit words Jagat and Nath...

 The place to start a pilgrimage is here and Puri is a pilgrim's destination too. There are many ashrams and sacred temples in Puri.

Nearby Tourist Spots

  • Sri Yukteswar Samadhi Temple, Karar Ashram
  • Konark Sun Temple
    Konark Sun Temple
    Konark Sun Temple is a 13th-century Sun Temple , at Konark, in Orissa. It was constructed from oxidized and weathered ferruginous sandstone by King Narasimhadeva I of the Eastern Ganga Dynasty. The temple is an example of Orissan architecture of Ganga dynasty...

  • Chandrabagha
  • Ramachandi
    Ramachandi Temple
    Ramachandi Temple, is on a beautiful spot on the banks of the Kusabhadra River where it flows into the Bay of Bengal. It is only 5 km away from Konark in the Puri District of Orissa....

  • Beleswar
    Beleswar
    Site of a Shaivite shrine, Beleswar, located 15 km from Puri, has an interesting beach.The road from the Jagannath Temple up to the beach is covered with thick casuarina trees where travelers can watch the beautiful sunset, which dips into the sea...

  • Chilika
  • Bhubaneswar
    Bhubaneswar
    Bhubaneswar is the capital of the Indian state of Orissa, officially Odisha. The city has a long history of over 2000 years starting with Chedi dynasty who had Sisupalgarh near present-day Bhubaneswar as their capital...

  • Gopalpur Beach
    Gopalpur-on-Sea
    Gopalpur is a town and notified area in Ganjam district in the Indian state of Orissa. Gopalpur is located at . It has an average elevation of 1 metres ....

  • Kenduli Sasan
    Kenduli Sasan
    Kenduli Sasan in Khurda district is the birth place of the Sanskrit lyricist, Jayadeva. Medieval Indian literature refer to this place by the name Kenduvilva.-Location:...

  • Sakhigopala (Satyabadi)

Politics

Current MLA from Puri Assembly Constituency is Maheswar Mohanty of BJD
Biju Janata Dal
The Biju Janata Dal is a state political party of the Indian state of Orissa led by Naveen Patnaik, son of former state chief minister Biju Patnaik. It was founded on 27 December 1997.-History:...

, who won the seat in State elections in 2009. He won this seat for BJD in 2000 and 2004 and representing JD
Janata Dal
Janata Dal is an Indian political party which was formed through the merger of Janata Party factions, the Lok Dal, Congress, and the Jan Morcha led by V. P...

 in 1995. Other previous MLAs from this seat were Braja Kishor Tripathy who won this seat representing JD in 1990, representing JNP in 1985 and 1977, Gadadhar Mishra of INC(I) in 1980.Mr Uma Ballav Rath also became the MLA in 1991 in a Bi election as a JD candidate.

Puri is part of Puri (Lok Sabha constituency)
Puri (Lok Sabha constituency)
Puri Lok Sabha constituency is one of the 21 Lok Sabha constituencies in Orissa state in eastern India.-Assembly segments:Assembly segments, which constituted this parliamentary constituency before delimitation of parliamentary and legislative assembly constituencies in 2008 were:# Balipatna#...

.

External links

  • www.puri.nic.in – Official website of Puri District (Government website)
The source of this article is wikipedia, the free encyclopedia.  The text of this article is licensed under the GFDL.
 
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