Quba Khanate
Encyclopedia
The Quba Khanate was an independent principality on the territory of modern day Azerbaijan
from 1747-1806. The Quba Khanate was founded as a feudal hold around 1680 as a result of a land grant to the Saytaq family, who were related to both the Qajar dynasty
and the Utsmi (duke) of Tarki
in Dagestan
and were thus highly respected among the local khanates of Azerbaijan
.
The principality achieved independence after the dissolution of Safavid
Persia in 1747 and achieved its greatest prominence under Fath Ali Khan(Feteli Khan) (1758-1789).
As a result of conquests and successful alliances, Fath Ali Khan seized the important port of Baku
, the Shamakha Khanate and the Salyan Khanate and organized expeditions as far south as Ardabil
in his fight against the Zand
dynasty.
The Quba Khanate relied heavy upon Russian arms in all their campaigns. In revenge for the killing of a Russian scientist in 1775, Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin
, Russian help was withdrawn, leading to subsequent defeats.
After Fath Ali Khan's death, the Khanate's influence declined. As a result of Mohammad Khan Qajar
's conquests and the devastation its brought, the Alliance of Northern khanates disintegrated. The Khanate was conquered by Russia in 1806, and was fully incorporated into newly created Shamakha Province by 1816.
1721 Ahmad Khan
1721 - 1722 Chulaq Surkhay Khan
1722 - 1758 Husayn `Ali Khan
1758 - Mar 1789 Fath `Ali Khan
1789 - 1791 Ahmad Khan
1791 - 1806 Shaykh `Ali Agha
1806 - 1816 Husayn Khan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
from 1747-1806. The Quba Khanate was founded as a feudal hold around 1680 as a result of a land grant to the Saytaq family, who were related to both the Qajar dynasty
Qajar dynasty
The Qajar dynasty was an Iranian royal family of Turkic descent who ruled Persia from 1785 to 1925....
and the Utsmi (duke) of Tarki
Tarki
Tarki is an urban locality under the administrative jurisdiction of Sovetsky City District of the city of Makhachkala in the Republic of Dagestan, Russia, situated on the Tarkitau Mountain. Population:...
in Dagestan
Dagestan
The Republic of Dagestan is a federal subject of Russia, located in the North Caucasus region. Its capital and the largest city is Makhachkala, located at the center of Dagestan on the Caspian Sea...
and were thus highly respected among the local khanates of Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan
Azerbaijan , officially the Republic of Azerbaijan is the largest country in the Caucasus region of Eurasia. Located at the crossroads of Western Asia and Eastern Europe, it is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to...
.
The principality achieved independence after the dissolution of Safavid
Safavid dynasty
The Safavid dynasty was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran. They ruled one of the greatest Persian empires since the Muslim conquest of Persia and established the Twelver school of Shi'a Islam as the official religion of their empire, marking one of the most important turning...
Persia in 1747 and achieved its greatest prominence under Fath Ali Khan(Feteli Khan) (1758-1789).
As a result of conquests and successful alliances, Fath Ali Khan seized the important port of Baku
Baku
Baku , sometimes spelled as Baki or Bakou, is the capital and largest city of Azerbaijan, as well as the largest city on the Caspian Sea and of the Caucasus region. It is located on the southern shore of the Absheron Peninsula, which projects into the Caspian Sea. The city consists of two principal...
, the Shamakha Khanate and the Salyan Khanate and organized expeditions as far south as Ardabil
Ardabil
Ardabil is a historical city in north-western Iran. The name Ardabil probably comes from the Zoroastrian name of "Artavil" which means a holy place. Ardabil is the center of Ardabil Province. At the 2006 census, its population was 412,669, in 102,818 families...
in his fight against the Zand
Zand
Zand may refer to:* Zand tribe* the Lur Zand dynasty * Zand District, an administrative subdivision of Iran-See also:* Zend-Avesta or Zand-Avesta: the commentaries on primary sacred texts of Zoroastrianism...
dynasty.
The Quba Khanate relied heavy upon Russian arms in all their campaigns. In revenge for the killing of a Russian scientist in 1775, Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin
Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin
Samuel Gottlieb Gmelin was a German physician, botanist and explorer.- Background :Gmelin was born at Tübingen in a well known family of naturalists. His father was Johann Conrad Gmelin, an apothecary and surgeon. His uncle was Johann Georg Gmelin...
, Russian help was withdrawn, leading to subsequent defeats.
After Fath Ali Khan's death, the Khanate's influence declined. As a result of Mohammad Khan Qajar
Mohammad Khan Qajar
Agha Muḥammad Khān Qājār was the chief of the Qajar tribe, succeeding his father Mohammad Hassan Khan, who was killed on the orders of Adil Shah. He became the Emperor/Shah of Persia in 1794 and established the Qajar dynasty...
's conquests and the devastation its brought, the Alliance of Northern khanates disintegrated. The Khanate was conquered by Russia in 1806, and was fully incorporated into newly created Shamakha Province by 1816.
Saytaq Khans Rulers
1680 - Sep 1721 Husayn Khan1721 Ahmad Khan
1721 - 1722 Chulaq Surkhay Khan
1722 - 1758 Husayn `Ali Khan
1758 - Mar 1789 Fath `Ali Khan
1789 - 1791 Ahmad Khan
1791 - 1806 Shaykh `Ali Agha
1806 - 1816 Husayn Khan