RPS4Y1
Encyclopedia
40S ribosomal protein S4, Y isoform 1 is a protein
that in humans is encoded by the RPS4Y1 gene
.
Cytoplasmic ribosome
s, organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S
subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes ribosomal protein S4, a component of the 40S subunit. Ribosomal protein S4 is the only ribosomal protein known to be encoded by more than one gene, namely this gene, RPS4Y2
and the ribosomal protein S4, X-linked (RPS4X
). The 3 isoforms encoded by these genes are not identical, but appear to be functionally equivalent. Ribosomal protein S4 belongs to the S4E family of ribosomal proteins. It has been suggested that haploinsufficiency
of the ribosomal protein S4 genes plays a role in Turner syndrome
; however, this hypothesis is controversial.
Protein
Proteins are biochemical compounds consisting of one or more polypeptides typically folded into a globular or fibrous form, facilitating a biological function. A polypeptide is a single linear polymer chain of amino acids bonded together by peptide bonds between the carboxyl and amino groups of...
that in humans is encoded by the RPS4Y1 gene
Gene
A gene is a molecular unit of heredity of a living organism. It is a name given to some stretches of DNA and RNA that code for a type of protein or for an RNA chain that has a function in the organism. Living beings depend on genes, as they specify all proteins and functional RNA chains...
.
Cytoplasmic ribosome
Ribosome
A ribosome is a component of cells that assembles the twenty specific amino acid molecules to form the particular protein molecule determined by the nucleotide sequence of an RNA molecule....
s, organelles that catalyze protein synthesis, consist of a small 40S
40S
40S is the small subunit of eukaryotic ribosomes.It interacts with the internal ribosome entry site of the hepatitis C virus.The following is a list of proteins contained in the 40S ribosome:...
subunit and a large 60S subunit. Together these subunits are composed of 4 RNA species and approximately 80 structurally distinct proteins. This gene encodes ribosomal protein S4, a component of the 40S subunit. Ribosomal protein S4 is the only ribosomal protein known to be encoded by more than one gene, namely this gene, RPS4Y2
RPS4Y2
Ribosomal protein S4, Y-linked 2 also known as RPS4Y2 is a protein which in humans is encoded by the RPS4Y2 gene which resides on the Y chromosome.-Function:...
and the ribosomal protein S4, X-linked (RPS4X
RPS4X
40S ribosomal protein S4, X isoform is a protein that in humans is encoded by the RPS4X gene.-Further reading:...
). The 3 isoforms encoded by these genes are not identical, but appear to be functionally equivalent. Ribosomal protein S4 belongs to the S4E family of ribosomal proteins. It has been suggested that haploinsufficiency
Haploinsufficiency
Haploinsufficiency occurs when a diploid organism only has a single functional copy of a gene and the single functional copy of the gene does not produce enough of a gene product to bring about a wild-type condition, leading to an abnormal or diseased state...
of the ribosomal protein S4 genes plays a role in Turner syndrome
Turner syndrome
Turner syndrome or Ullrich-Turner syndrome encompasses several conditions in human females, of which monosomy X is most common. It is a chromosomal abnormality in which all or part of one of the sex chromosomes is absent...
; however, this hypothesis is controversial.