Rances
Encyclopedia
Rances is a municipality
in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton
of Vaud
in Switzerland
.
The name of Rances is apparently derived from a Roman
family name, but the exact form of the name has been forgotten. The most dramatic event of its history occurred in 1548, when the village was almost entirely destroyed by an accidental fire.
It has been the site of extensive archeological excavations, notably by the University of Geneva
.
Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.4% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.1%. Out of the forested land, 32.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 35.7% is used for growing crops and 8.3% is pastures, while 2.8% is used for orchards or vine crops and 13.1% is used for alpine pastures.
The municipality was part of the Orbe District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Rances became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.
The municipality is located on a high plateau above the Mujon river valley, a tributary of the Zihl river.
of the municipal coat of arms
is Argent, a Column Or encircled with a Vine Vert fructed Purpure.
Most of the population speaks French
(405 or 96.7%), with German
being second most common (5 or 1.2%) and Italian
being third (3 or 0.7%).
The age distribution, , in Rances is; 52 children or 11.6% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 57 teenagers or 12.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 43 people or 9.6% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 66 people or 14.8% are between 30 and 39, 72 people or 16.1% are between 40 and 49, and 71 people or 15.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 41 people or 9.2% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 28 people or 6.3% are between 70 and 79, there are 16 people or 3.6% who are between 80 and 89, and there is 1 person who is 90 and older.
, there were 167 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 218 married individuals, 16 widows or widowers and 18 individuals who are divorced.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.58 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.61 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 60.9% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 166 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.5 persons per household. There were 39 households that consist of only one person and 17 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 167 households that answered this question, 23.4% were households made up of just one person and there were 2 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 58 married couples without children, 57 married couples with children There were 7 single parents with a child or children. There were 3 households that were made up of unrelated people and 1 household that was made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.
there were 70 single family homes (or 57.4% of the total) out of a total of 122 inhabited buildings. There were 22 multi-family buildings (18.0%), along with 25 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (20.5%) and 5 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (4.1%).
, a total of 161 apartments (93.1% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 3 apartments (1.7%) were seasonally occupied and 9 apartments (5.2%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 1.6%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
the most popular party was the SVP
which received 36.91% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
(22.59%), the FDP
(8.64%) and the LPS Party
(8.56%). In the federal election, a total of 159 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
was 50.0%.
the total number of full-time equivalent
jobs was 61. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 23, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 4 of which 2 or (50.0%) were in manufacturing and 2 (50.0%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 34. In the tertiary sector; 10 or 29.4% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 4 or 11.8% were in the movement and storage of goods, 14 or 41.2% were in a hotel or restaurant, 3 or 8.8% were in education.
, there were 5 workers who commuted into the municipality and 171 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 34.2 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 6.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 66.7% used a private car.
. Of the rest of the population, there were 18 individuals (or about 4.30% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish
, and 63 (or about 15.04% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
or atheist
, and 15 individuals (or about 3.58% of the population) did not answer the question.
). Of the 48 who completed tertiary schooling, 58.3% were Swiss men, 35.4% were Swiss women.
In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 74 students in the Rances school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 43 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 31 students in those schools.
, there were 31 students in Rances who came from another municipality, while 68 residents attended schools outside the municipality.
Municipalities of Switzerland
Communes , also known as municipalities, are the smallest government division in Switzerland, numbering 2,596 . While many have a population of a few hundred citizens, the largest cities such as Zürich or Geneva also have the legal status of municipalities...
in the district of Jura-Nord Vaudois of the canton
Cantons of Switzerland
The 26 cantons of Switzerland are the member states of the federal state of Switzerland. Each canton was a fully sovereign state with its own borders, army and currency from the Treaty of Westphalia until the establishment of the Swiss federal state in 1848...
of Vaud
Vaud
Vaud is one of the 26 cantons of Switzerland and is located in Romandy, the French-speaking southwestern part of the country. The capital is Lausanne. The name of the Canton in Switzerland's other languages are Vaud in Italian , Waadt in German , and Vad in Romansh.-History:Along the lakes,...
in Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
.
History
Rances is first mentioned around 972-73 as Rancias.The name of Rances is apparently derived from a Roman
Ancient Rome
Ancient Rome was a thriving civilization that grew on the Italian Peninsula as early as the 8th century BC. Located along the Mediterranean Sea and centered on the city of Rome, it expanded to one of the largest empires in the ancient world....
family name, but the exact form of the name has been forgotten. The most dramatic event of its history occurred in 1548, when the village was almost entirely destroyed by an accidental fire.
It has been the site of extensive archeological excavations, notably by the University of Geneva
University of Geneva
The University of Geneva is a public research university located in Geneva, Switzerland.It was founded in 1559 by John Calvin, as a theological seminary and law school. It remained focused on theology until the 17th century, when it became a center for Enlightenment scholarship. In 1873, it...
.
Geography
Rances has an area, , of 9.8 square kilometre. Of this area, 5.9 square kilometre or 60.0% is used for agricultural purposes, while 3.41 square kilometre or 34.7% is forested. Of the rest of the land, 0.49 square kilometre or 5.0% is settled (buildings or roads) and 0.04 km² (9.9 acre) or 0.4% is unproductive land.Of the built up area, housing and buildings made up 1.4% and transportation infrastructure made up 3.1%. Out of the forested land, 32.1% of the total land area is heavily forested and 2.5% is covered with orchards or small clusters of trees. Of the agricultural land, 35.7% is used for growing crops and 8.3% is pastures, while 2.8% is used for orchards or vine crops and 13.1% is used for alpine pastures.
The municipality was part of the Orbe District until it was dissolved on 31 August 2006, and Rances became part of the new district of Jura-Nord Vaudois.
The municipality is located on a high plateau above the Mujon river valley, a tributary of the Zihl river.
Coat of arms
The blazonBlazon
In heraldry and heraldic vexillology, a blazon is a formal description of a coat of arms, flag or similar emblem, from which the reader can reconstruct the appropriate image...
of the municipal coat of arms
Coat of arms
A coat of arms is a unique heraldic design on a shield or escutcheon or on a surcoat or tabard used to cover and protect armour and to identify the wearer. Thus the term is often stated as "coat-armour", because it was anciently displayed on the front of a coat of cloth...
is Argent, a Column Or encircled with a Vine Vert fructed Purpure.
Demographics
Rances has a population of . , 6.2% of the population are resident foreign nationals. Over the last 10 years (1999–2009 ) the population has changed at a rate of 8%. It has changed at a rate of 3.6% due to migration and at a rate of 4.6% due to births and deaths.Most of the population speaks French
French language
French is a Romance language spoken as a first language in France, the Romandy region in Switzerland, Wallonia and Brussels in Belgium, Monaco, the regions of Quebec and Acadia in Canada, and by various communities elsewhere. Second-language speakers of French are distributed throughout many parts...
(405 or 96.7%), with German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
being second most common (5 or 1.2%) and Italian
Italian language
Italian is a Romance language spoken mainly in Europe: Italy, Switzerland, San Marino, Vatican City, by minorities in Malta, Monaco, Croatia, Slovenia, France, Libya, Eritrea, and Somalia, and by immigrant communities in the Americas and Australia...
being third (3 or 0.7%).
The age distribution, , in Rances is; 52 children or 11.6% of the population are between 0 and 9 years old and 57 teenagers or 12.8% are between 10 and 19. Of the adult population, 43 people or 9.6% of the population are between 20 and 29 years old. 66 people or 14.8% are between 30 and 39, 72 people or 16.1% are between 40 and 49, and 71 people or 15.9% are between 50 and 59. The senior population distribution is 41 people or 9.2% of the population are between 60 and 69 years old, 28 people or 6.3% are between 70 and 79, there are 16 people or 3.6% who are between 80 and 89, and there is 1 person who is 90 and older.
, there were 167 people who were single and never married in the municipality. There were 218 married individuals, 16 widows or widowers and 18 individuals who are divorced.
the average number of residents per living room was 0.58 which is about equal to the cantonal average of 0.61 per room. In this case, a room is defined as space of a housing unit of at least 4 m² (43 sq ft) as normal bedrooms, dining rooms, living rooms, kitchens and habitable cellars and attics. About 60.9% of the total households were owner occupied, or in other words did not pay rent (though they may have a mortgage
Mortgage loan
A mortgage loan is a loan secured by real property through the use of a mortgage note which evidences the existence of the loan and the encumbrance of that realty through the granting of a mortgage which secures the loan...
or a rent-to-own agreement).
, there were 166 private households in the municipality, and an average of 2.5 persons per household. There were 39 households that consist of only one person and 17 households with five or more people. Out of a total of 167 households that answered this question, 23.4% were households made up of just one person and there were 2 adults who lived with their parents. Of the rest of the households, there are 58 married couples without children, 57 married couples with children There were 7 single parents with a child or children. There were 3 households that were made up of unrelated people and 1 household that was made up of some sort of institution or another collective housing.
there were 70 single family homes (or 57.4% of the total) out of a total of 122 inhabited buildings. There were 22 multi-family buildings (18.0%), along with 25 multi-purpose buildings that were mostly used for housing (20.5%) and 5 other use buildings (commercial or industrial) that also had some housing (4.1%).
, a total of 161 apartments (93.1% of the total) were permanently occupied, while 3 apartments (1.7%) were seasonally occupied and 9 apartments (5.2%) were empty. , the construction rate of new housing units was 0 new units per 1000 residents. The vacancy rate for the municipality, , was 1.6%.
The historical population is given in the following chart:
Sights
The entire village of Rances is designated as part of the Inventory of Swiss Heritage SitesInventory of Swiss Heritage Sites
The Inventory of Swiss Heritage Sites is part of a 1981 Ordinance of the Swiss Federal Council implementing the Federal Law on the Protection of Nature and Cultural Heritage.-Sites of national importance:-Types:...
Politics
In the 2007 federal electionSwiss federal election, 2007
Elections to the Swiss Federal Assembly, the federal parliament of Switzerland, were held on Sunday, 21 October 2007. In a few cantons, a second round of the elections to the Council of States was held on 11 November, 18 November, and 25 November 2007...
the most popular party was the SVP
Swiss People's Party
The Swiss People's Party , also known as the Democratic Union of the Centre , is a conservative political party in Switzerland. Chaired by Toni Brunner, but spearheaded by Christoph Blocher, the party is the largest party in the Federal Assembly, with 58 members of the National Council and 6 of...
which received 36.91% of the vote. The next three most popular parties were the SP
Social Democratic Party of Switzerland
The Social Democratic Party of Switzerland is the largest centre-left political party in Switzerland....
(22.59%), the FDP
FDP.The Liberals
FDP.The Liberals is a classical liberal political party in Switzerland. It is the joint-largest party in the Federal Council, third-largest party in the National Council, and second-largest in the Council of States....
(8.64%) and the LPS Party
Liberal Party of Switzerland
The Liberal Party of Switzerland was a party with economically liberal policies. It was known as a party of the upper class. On 1 January 2009 it merged with the larger Free Democratic Party to establish FDP.The Liberals....
(8.56%). In the federal election, a total of 159 votes were cast, and the voter turnout
Voter turnout
Voter turnout is the percentage of eligible voters who cast a ballot in an election . After increasing for many decades, there has been a trend of decreasing voter turnout in most established democracies since the 1960s...
was 50.0%.
Economy
, Rances had an unemployment rate of 3.4%. , there were 30 people employed in the primary economic sector and about 12 businesses involved in this sector. 5 people were employed in the secondary sector and there were 2 businesses in this sector. 42 people were employed in the tertiary sector, with 10 businesses in this sector. There were 225 residents of the municipality who were employed in some capacity, of which females made up 44.0% of the workforce.the total number of full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent
Full-time equivalent , is a unit to measure employed persons or students in a way that makes them comparable although they may work or study a different number of hours per week. FTE is often used to measure a worker's involvement in a project, or to track cost reductions in an organization...
jobs was 61. The number of jobs in the primary sector was 23, all of which were in agriculture. The number of jobs in the secondary sector was 4 of which 2 or (50.0%) were in manufacturing and 2 (50.0%) were in construction. The number of jobs in the tertiary sector was 34. In the tertiary sector; 10 or 29.4% were in the sale or repair of motor vehicles, 4 or 11.8% were in the movement and storage of goods, 14 or 41.2% were in a hotel or restaurant, 3 or 8.8% were in education.
, there were 5 workers who commuted into the municipality and 171 workers who commuted away. The municipality is a net exporter of workers, with about 34.2 workers leaving the municipality for every one entering. Of the working population, 6.7% used public transportation to get to work, and 66.7% used a private car.
Religion
From the , 63 or 15.0% were Roman Catholic, while 267 or 63.7% belonged to the Swiss Reformed ChurchSwiss Reformed Church
The Reformed branch of Protestantism in Switzerland was started in Zürich by Huldrych Zwingli and spread within a few years to Basel , Bern , St...
. Of the rest of the population, there were 18 individuals (or about 4.30% of the population) who belonged to another Christian church. There was 1 individual who was Jewish
Judaism
Judaism ) is the "religion, philosophy, and way of life" of the Jewish people...
, and 63 (or about 15.04% of the population) belonged to no church, are agnostic
Agnosticism
Agnosticism is the view that the truth value of certain claims—especially claims about the existence or non-existence of any deity, but also other religious and metaphysical claims—is unknown or unknowable....
or atheist
Atheism
Atheism is, in a broad sense, the rejection of belief in the existence of deities. In a narrower sense, atheism is specifically the position that there are no deities...
, and 15 individuals (or about 3.58% of the population) did not answer the question.
Education
In Rances about 169 or (40.3%) of the population have completed non-mandatory upper secondary education, and 48 or (11.5%) have completed additional higher education (either university or a FachhochschuleFachhochschule
A Fachhochschule or University of Applied Sciences is a German type of tertiary education institution, sometimes specialized in certain topical areas . Fachhochschulen were founded in Germany and later adopted by Austria, Liechtenstein, Switzerland and Greece...
). Of the 48 who completed tertiary schooling, 58.3% were Swiss men, 35.4% were Swiss women.
In the 2009/2010 school year there were a total of 74 students in the Rances school district. In the Vaud cantonal school system, two years of non-obligatory pre-school are provided by the political districts. During the school year, the political district provided pre-school care for a total of 578 children of which 359 children (62.1%) received subsidized pre-school care. The canton's primary school program requires students to attend for four years. There were 43 students in the municipal primary school program. The obligatory lower secondary school program lasts for six years and there were 31 students in those schools.
, there were 31 students in Rances who came from another municipality, while 68 residents attended schools outside the municipality.