Rate of natural increase
Encyclopedia
In demographics, the rate of natural increase (RNI) is the crude birth rate
minus the crude death rate of a population. If we neglect the migration
, then a positive RNI number means that the population increases and a negative number means that the population decreases.
When looking at countries, it gives an idea of what position in the Demographic Transition Model, but to find out how much a country is growing, the population growth rate should be observed.
Usually developing countries have a positive or high natural increase rate. Developed countries have a negative/neutral or low natural increase rate , but many developed countries have their population increasing due to immigration
despite their negative RNI.
The formula for the rate of natural increase is:
The result is the rate of natural increase in percentage form.
For example, Madagascar
's crude birth rate (37.89) minus the crude death rate (7.97) is 29.92; divide that by 10 and the result is 2.992%, Madagascar's rate of natural increase.
Birth rate
Crude birth rate is the nativity or childbirths per 1,000 people per year . Another word used interchangeably with "birth rate" is "natality". When the crude birth rate is subtracted from the crude death rate, it reveals the rate of natural increase...
minus the crude death rate of a population. If we neglect the migration
Human migration
Human migration is physical movement by humans from one area to another, sometimes over long distances or in large groups. Historically this movement was nomadic, often causing significant conflict with the indigenous population and their displacement or cultural assimilation. Only a few nomadic...
, then a positive RNI number means that the population increases and a negative number means that the population decreases.
When looking at countries, it gives an idea of what position in the Demographic Transition Model, but to find out how much a country is growing, the population growth rate should be observed.
Usually developing countries have a positive or high natural increase rate. Developed countries have a negative/neutral or low natural increase rate , but many developed countries have their population increasing due to immigration
Immigration
Immigration is the act of foreigners passing or coming into a country for the purpose of permanent residence...
despite their negative RNI.
The formula for the rate of natural increase is:
- (Crude birth rate − Crude death rate) / 10, where birth and death rates are in per mil.
The result is the rate of natural increase in percentage form.
For example, Madagascar
Madagascar
The Republic of Madagascar is an island country located in the Indian Ocean off the southeastern coast of Africa...
's crude birth rate (37.89) minus the crude death rate (7.97) is 29.92; divide that by 10 and the result is 2.992%, Madagascar's rate of natural increase.