Raymond Lindeman
Encyclopedia
Raymond Laurel Lindeman was an ecologist
whose graduate research is often credited with being a seminal study in field of ecosystem ecology. He completed his PhD
at the University of Minnesota
with his thesis work being concerned with the history and ecological dynamics of Cedar Bog Lake, located in what is known today as the University of Minnesota
's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve
in central Minnesota. While a postdoctoral researcher
at Yale University
with noted limnologist
G. Evelyn Hutchinson
, Lindeman submitted a chapter of his thesis for publication in the journal Ecology
. His manuscript was initially rejected for its generalisations but was published after Hutchinson and others were able to convince the editor of the paper's merits. This publication appeared in 1942, shortly after Lindeman's death caused by a rare form of hepatitis.
An annual award in Lindeman's honor is given by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography to the outstanding paper written that year by a young aquatic scientist. Raymond L. Lindeman is also honored today with a lecture series in his name in the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, as well as an informative plaque on the same University's Wall of Discovery
.
Ecology
Ecology is the scientific study of the relations that living organisms have with respect to each other and their natural environment. Variables of interest to ecologists include the composition, distribution, amount , number, and changing states of organisms within and among ecosystems...
whose graduate research is often credited with being a seminal study in field of ecosystem ecology. He completed his PhD
Doctor of Philosophy
Doctor of Philosophy, abbreviated as Ph.D., PhD, D.Phil., or DPhil , in English-speaking countries, is a postgraduate academic degree awarded by universities...
at the University of Minnesota
University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities is a public research university located in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States. It is the oldest and largest part of the University of Minnesota system and has the fourth-largest main campus student body in the United States, with 52,557...
with his thesis work being concerned with the history and ecological dynamics of Cedar Bog Lake, located in what is known today as the University of Minnesota
University of Minnesota
The University of Minnesota, Twin Cities is a public research university located in Minneapolis and St. Paul, Minnesota, United States. It is the oldest and largest part of the University of Minnesota system and has the fourth-largest main campus student body in the United States, with 52,557...
's Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve
Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve
The Cedar Creek Ecosystem Science Reserve is an ecological research site located primarily in East Bethel, Minnesota in the counties of Anoka and Isanti on the northern edge of the Minneapolis-Saint Paul metropolitan area...
in central Minnesota. While a postdoctoral researcher
Postdoctoral researcher
Postdoctoral research is scholarly research conducted by a person who has recently completed doctoral studies, normally within the previous five years. It is intended to further deepen expertise in a specialist subject, including acquiring novel skills and methods...
at Yale University
Yale University
Yale University is a private, Ivy League university located in New Haven, Connecticut, United States. Founded in 1701 in the Colony of Connecticut, the university is the third-oldest institution of higher education in the United States...
with noted limnologist
Limnology
Limnology , also called freshwater science, is the study of inland waters. It is often regarded as a division of ecology or environmental science. It covers the biological, chemical, physical, geological, and other attributes of all inland waters...
G. Evelyn Hutchinson
G. Evelyn Hutchinson
George Evelyn Hutchinson FRS was an Anglo-American zoologist known for his studies of freshwater lakes and considered the father of American limnology....
, Lindeman submitted a chapter of his thesis for publication in the journal Ecology
Ecology (journal)
Ecology is a scientific journal publishing research and synthesis papers in the field of ecology. It was founded in 1920, and is published by the Ecological Society of America.- External links :**...
. His manuscript was initially rejected for its generalisations but was published after Hutchinson and others were able to convince the editor of the paper's merits. This publication appeared in 1942, shortly after Lindeman's death caused by a rare form of hepatitis.
An annual award in Lindeman's honor is given by the American Society of Limnology and Oceanography to the outstanding paper written that year by a young aquatic scientist. Raymond L. Lindeman is also honored today with a lecture series in his name in the Department of Ecology, Evolution and Behavior, University of Minnesota, as well as an informative plaque on the same University's Wall of Discovery
Wall of Discovery
The Wall of Discovery is an environmental artwork that includes a 253-foot-long printed "blackboard" located in the center of the on the University of Minnesota campus...
.
Publications
Papers published by Raymond L. Lindeman during his brief lifetime.- Lindeman RL (1939) Some affinities and varieties of the planktonic rotifer Brachnionus havanaensis Rouss. Transactions of the American Microscopical Society 58:210-221.
- Lindeman RL (1941) The developmental history of Cedar Creek Bog, Minnesota. American Midland Naturalist 25:101-112.
- Lindeman RL. 1941. Ecological dynamics in a senescent lake. University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN.
- Lindeman RL (1941) Seasonal food-cycle dynamics in a Senescent Lake. American Midland Naturalist 26:636-673.
- Lindeman RL (1942) Experimental simulation of winter anaerobiosis in a senescent lake. Ecology 23:1-13.
- Lindeman RL (1942) Seasonal distribution of midge larvae in a scenescent lake. American Midland Naturalist 27:428-.
- Lindeman RL (1942) The trophic-dynamic aspect of ecology. Ecology 23:399-418.
Biographies
Biographical and historical studies on Raymond L. Lindeman.- Lindsay AA (1980) The ecological way. Naturalist 31:1-8.
- Reif CB (1986) Memories of Raymond Laurel Lindeman. Bulletin of the Ecological Society of America 67:20-15.
- Sobczak WV (2005) Lindeman's trophic dynamic aspect of ecology: "Will you still need me when I'm 64?" Limnology and Oceanography Bulletin 14:53-57.