The Red-throated Wood Rail (Aramides gutturalis) is a disputed species of bird

Bird

Birds are feathered, winged, bipedal, endothermic , egg-laying, vertebrate animals. Around 10,000 living species and 188 families makes them the most speciose class of tetrapod vertebrates. They inhabit ecosystems across the globe, from the Arctic to the Antarctic. Extant birds range in size from...

 in the Rallidae

Rallidae

The rails, or Rallidae, are a large cosmopolitan family of small to medium-sized birds. The family exhibits considerable diversity and the family also includes the crakes, coots, and gallinules...

 family.
If it is not a misidentification, it was endemic to Peru

Peru

Peru , officially the Republic of Peru , is a country in western South America. It is bordered on the north by Ecuador and Colombia, on the east by Brazil, on the southeast by Bolivia, on the south by Chile, and on the west by the Pacific Ocean....

 and apparently became extinct due to habitat loss some time in the 20th century.

Following the 2006 SACC assessment which listed this species as dubious taxon BirdLife International

BirdLife International

BirdLife International is a global Partnership of conservation organisations that strives to conserve birds, their habitats and global biodiversity, working with people towards sustainability in the use of natural resources...

 removed the Red-throated Wood ail from the list of extinct species in 2009 as it might be either a badly prepared specimen of the Grey-necked Wood Rail A. cajanea or a subspecies of the Brown Wood Rail A. wolfi.