Revolutionary Movement 13th November
Encyclopedia
Revolutionary Movement 13th November (in Spanish
: Movimiento Revolucionario 13 Noviembre) was a leftist movement in Guatemala
. MR-13 was founded in 1960 by a group of dissident officers. It was led by Luis Augusto Turcios Lima
, Marco Antonio Yon Sosa
and Luis Trejo Esquivel. Alejandro de León, co-founder of the group, was captured and shot by the judicial police in 1961. In 1963 MR-13 joined the Rebel Armed Forces
(FAR).
A 1968 CIA report stated that: "With some assistance from Cuba, the small band, under the leadership of Marco Antonio Yon Sosa, engaged in sporadic terrorist acts, including harassment of communications lines, buses, and railroad tracks, pillaging of military supply points and plantations for money and arms, assassination of army collaborators, and attacks on commercial and official installations."
MR-13 nominally continued to exist until 1973, after it was severely hampered in the 1966-67 counterinsurgency by the Guatemalan government.
Spanish language
Spanish , also known as Castilian , is a Romance language in the Ibero-Romance group that evolved from several languages and dialects in central-northern Iberia around the 9th century and gradually spread with the expansion of the Kingdom of Castile into central and southern Iberia during the...
: Movimiento Revolucionario 13 Noviembre) was a leftist movement in Guatemala
Guatemala
Guatemala is a country in Central America bordered by Mexico to the north and west, the Pacific Ocean to the southwest, Belize to the northeast, the Caribbean to the east, and Honduras and El Salvador to the southeast...
. MR-13 was founded in 1960 by a group of dissident officers. It was led by Luis Augusto Turcios Lima
Luis Augusto Turcios Lima
Luis Augusto Turcios Lima was a Guatemalan army officer and leader of the Rebel Armed Forces . He died in 1966, in a car incident, when a bomb exploded inside his austin mini cooper....
, Marco Antonio Yon Sosa
Marco Antonio Yon Sosa
Marco Antonio Yon Sosa was leader of the Revolutionary Movement 13th November, a Guatemalan guerilla organization.MR-13 left the Rebel Armed Forces in 1969. Yon was killed by Mexican border police, in the Chiapas area....
and Luis Trejo Esquivel. Alejandro de León, co-founder of the group, was captured and shot by the judicial police in 1961. In 1963 MR-13 joined the Rebel Armed Forces
Rebel Armed Forces
The Rebel Armed Forces was a Guatemalan guerrilla organization established in 1961 and lasting until the peace agreements in 1996.FAR is most significantly known for having killed the U.S. ambassador to Guatemala, John Gordon Mein, in 1968. Also killed that year were two U.S...
(FAR).
A 1968 CIA report stated that: "With some assistance from Cuba, the small band, under the leadership of Marco Antonio Yon Sosa, engaged in sporadic terrorist acts, including harassment of communications lines, buses, and railroad tracks, pillaging of military supply points and plantations for money and arms, assassination of army collaborators, and attacks on commercial and official installations."
MR-13 nominally continued to exist until 1973, after it was severely hampered in the 1966-67 counterinsurgency by the Guatemalan government.