Richard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough
Encyclopedia
Richard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough (1650 – 17 December 1721) was an English soldier and statesman best known for his role in the Glorious Revolution
.
on his way to Scotland in November 1679 and was a volunteer in the abortive expedition to Tangier
in 1680. In the latter year, he was appointed Master of the Horse to Catherine of Braganza
, whose Treasurer he later became in 1684. He was created Baron Lumley by Charles II
on 31 May 1681. He played a prominent part in the suppression of the rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth
, having been personally responsible (according to John Evelyn
) for Monmouth's arrest, unarmed and bearded in a dry ditch covered with fern brakes. From 1685 to 1687, he was Colonel of the Queen Dowager's or 9th Regiment of Horse.
to invade England and depose his father-in-law, James II
. He secured Newcastle
for William in December 1688. After William became King, he appointed Lumley in rapid succession in 1689/90 as a Gentleman of the Bedchamber
, a member of the Privy Council, Colonel of the 1st Troop of Horse Guards
(until 1699), Viscount Lumley of Lumley Castle, Lord Lieutenant of Northumberland
and Lord Lieutenant of Durham
. Lumley was created Earl of Scarbrough
on 15 April 1690.
Scarbrough took part in the Battle of the Boyne
in 1690 and was afterwards in Flanders
. He was appointed Major-General in May 1692 and Lieutenant-General on 4 October 1694, retiring from active service after the Treaty of Ryswick
in 1697 (though he received a new commission as Lieutenant-General of all the forces on 9 March 1701/2). He was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
from 1716–1717. After his elevation, he significantly extended his family seat at Lumley Castle
. He died of apoplexy in Gerard Street, Soho
, on 17 December 1721.
, daughter of Sir Henry Jones of Aston. He and his wife had six children:
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Glorious Revolution
The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, is the overthrow of King James II of England by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange-Nassau...
.
Origins
Lumley was the son of John Lumley and Mary Compton, and the grandson of Richard Lumley, 1st Viscount Lumley and Frances Shelley. The Lumleys were an ancient family from the north of England. Richard became the 2nd Viscount Lumley (in the Irish peerage) on his grandfather's death in 1661/1662, his father having died in 1658. He was brought up as a Roman Catholic and was taken on the Grand Tour by Catholic priest, Richard Lassels, but had turned Protestant by the time of his introduction into the House of Lords on 19 May 1685.Early career
Lumley attended the Duke of YorkJames II of England
James II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...
on his way to Scotland in November 1679 and was a volunteer in the abortive expedition to Tangier
Tangier
Tangier, also Tangiers is a city in northern Morocco with a population of about 700,000 . It lies on the North African coast at the western entrance to the Strait of Gibraltar where the Mediterranean meets the Atlantic Ocean off Cape Spartel...
in 1680. In the latter year, he was appointed Master of the Horse to Catherine of Braganza
Catherine of Braganza
Catherine of Braganza was a Portuguese infanta and queen consort of England, Scotland and Ireland as the wife of King Charles II.She married the king in 1662...
, whose Treasurer he later became in 1684. He was created Baron Lumley by Charles II
Charles II of England
Charles II was monarch of the three kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland.Charles II's father, King Charles I, was executed at Whitehall on 30 January 1649, at the climax of the English Civil War...
on 31 May 1681. He played a prominent part in the suppression of the rebellion of the Duke of Monmouth
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth
James Scott, 1st Duke of Monmouth, 1st Duke of Buccleuch, KG, PC , was an English nobleman. Originally called James Crofts or James Fitzroy, he was born in Rotterdam in the Netherlands, the eldest illegitimate son of Charles II and his mistress, Lucy Walter...
, having been personally responsible (according to John Evelyn
John Evelyn
John Evelyn was an English writer, gardener and diarist.Evelyn's diaries or Memoirs are largely contemporaneous with those of the other noted diarist of the time, Samuel Pepys, and cast considerable light on the art, culture and politics of the time John Evelyn (31 October 1620 – 27 February...
) for Monmouth's arrest, unarmed and bearded in a dry ditch covered with fern brakes. From 1685 to 1687, he was Colonel of the Queen Dowager's or 9th Regiment of Horse.
Career following the Glorious Revolution
Lumley was one of the Immortal Seven, the English noblemen who invited William of OrangeWilliam III of England
William III & II was a sovereign Prince of Orange of the House of Orange-Nassau by birth. From 1672 he governed as Stadtholder William III of Orange over Holland, Zeeland, Utrecht, Guelders, and Overijssel of the Dutch Republic. From 1689 he reigned as William III over England and Ireland...
to invade England and depose his father-in-law, James II
James II of England
James II & VII was King of England and King of Ireland as James II and King of Scotland as James VII, from 6 February 1685. He was the last Catholic monarch to reign over the Kingdoms of England, Scotland, and Ireland...
. He secured Newcastle
Newcastle upon Tyne
Newcastle upon Tyne is a city and metropolitan borough of Tyne and Wear, in North East England. Historically a part of Northumberland, it is situated on the north bank of the River Tyne...
for William in December 1688. After William became King, he appointed Lumley in rapid succession in 1689/90 as a Gentleman of the Bedchamber
Gentleman of the Bedchamber
A Gentleman of the Bedchamber was the holder of an important office in the royal household of the Kingdom of England from the 11th century, later used also in the Kingdom of Great Britain.-Description and functions:...
, a member of the Privy Council, Colonel of the 1st Troop of Horse Guards
1st Troop of Horse Guards
The 1st Troop of Horse Guards was formed from King Charles II's exiled followers in the Netherlands ....
(until 1699), Viscount Lumley of Lumley Castle, Lord Lieutenant of Northumberland
Lord Lieutenant of Northumberland
This is a list of people who have served as Lord-Lieutenant of Northumberland. Since 1802, all Lords Lieutenant have also been Custos Rotulorum of Northumberland.*Henry Percy, 3rd Earl of Northumberland*Henry Percy, 4th Earl of Northumberland ?–1489...
and Lord Lieutenant of Durham
Lord Lieutenant of Durham
This is a list of people who have served as Lord Lieutenant of Durham.*Henry Neville, 5th Earl of Westmorland 1552–?*Henry Hastings, 3rd Earl of Huntingdon 2 August 1586 – 1595*vacant...
. Lumley was created Earl of Scarbrough
Earl of Scarbrough
Earl of Scarbrough is a title in the Peerage of England. It was created in 1690 for Richard Lumley, 2nd Viscount Lumley. He is best remembered as one of the Immortal Seven who invited William of Orange to invade England and depose his father-in-law James II...
on 15 April 1690.
Scarbrough took part in the Battle of the Boyne
Battle of the Boyne
The Battle of the Boyne was fought in 1690 between two rival claimants of the English, Scottish and Irish thronesthe Catholic King James and the Protestant King William across the River Boyne near Drogheda on the east coast of Ireland...
in 1690 and was afterwards in Flanders
Flanders
Flanders is the community of the Flemings but also one of the institutions in Belgium, and a geographical region located in parts of present-day Belgium, France and the Netherlands. "Flanders" can also refer to the northern part of Belgium that contains Brussels, Bruges, Ghent and Antwerp...
. He was appointed Major-General in May 1692 and Lieutenant-General on 4 October 1694, retiring from active service after the Treaty of Ryswick
Treaty of Ryswick
The Treaty of Ryswick or Ryswyck was signed on 20 September 1697 and named after Ryswick in the Dutch Republic. The treaty settled the Nine Years' War, which pitted France against the Grand Alliance of England, Spain, the Holy Roman Empire and the United Provinces.Negotiations started in May...
in 1697 (though he received a new commission as Lieutenant-General of all the forces on 9 March 1701/2). He was Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster
The Chancellor of the Duchy of Lancaster is, in modern times, a ministerial office in the government of the United Kingdom that includes as part of its duties, the administration of the estates and rents of the Duchy of Lancaster...
from 1716–1717. After his elevation, he significantly extended his family seat at Lumley Castle
Lumley Castle
Lumley Castle is a 14th century quadrangular castle at Chester-le-Street in the North of England, near to the city of Durham and a property of the Earl of Scarbrough. It is a Grade I listed building.-History:...
. He died of apoplexy in Gerard Street, Soho
Soho
Soho is an area of the City of Westminster and part of the West End of London. Long established as an entertainment district, for much of the 20th century Soho had a reputation for sex shops as well as night life and film industry. Since the early 1980s, the area has undergone considerable...
, on 17 December 1721.
Family
Lumley was married to Frances JonesFrances Jones
Frances Jones may refer to:*Frances Jones *Frances Jones Mills , state official in Kentucky...
, daughter of Sir Henry Jones of Aston. He and his wife had six children:
- Henry Lumley, Viscount LumleyHenry Lumley, Viscount LumleyHenry Lumley, Viscount Lumley , British nobleman and politician, was the eldest son of Richard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough....
, (d. 1710) - Richard Lumley, 2nd Earl of ScarbroughRichard Lumley, 2nd Earl of ScarbroughRichard Lumley, 2nd Earl of Scarbrough, KG, PC was a British, Whig politician, known as Lord Lumley from 1710-21....
, (1688 – 29 January 1739) - Mary, (14 December 1690 – 12 December 1726), who later married George Montague, 1st Earl of Halifax
- William, (d. 9 April 1709)
- Thomas Lumley, 3rd Earl of ScarboroughThomas Lumley-Saunderson, 3rd Earl of ScarbroughThomas Lumley-Saunderson, 3rd Earl of Scarbrough, KB was a British peer and diplomat.Born The Hon. Thomas Lumley, he was the third son of Richard Lumley, 1st Earl of Scarbrough and his wife, Frances...
, (1691 – 15 March 1752) - Ann (d. 28 February 1740)
Sources
The Complete Peerage, Volume XI (1949); Scarbrough.|-
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