Robert Emden
Encyclopedia
Jacob Robert Emden was a Swiss
astrophysicist and meteorologist. He was born in St. Gallen
, Switzerland
. In 1907 he became associate professor of physics and meteorology at the Technical University of Munich
. The same year he published the classic work, Gaskugeln: Anwendungen der mechanischen Wärmetheorie auf kosmologische und meteorologische Probleme (Gas balls: Applications of the mechanical heat theory to cosmological and meteorological problems), which provided a mathematical model as a basis of stellar structure
. By 1920 he was a member of the Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
.
Emden served as the editor of Zeitschrift fur Astrophysik
, founded in 1930. In 1933 he fled from Germany
to escape the rise of the National Socialist
party, returning to his native Switzerland.
He was the uncle of the German American
astrophysicist Martin Schwarzschild
. Jacob Robert Emden died in Zürich
in 1940.
The crater Emden
on the Moon
is named after him. The Lane-Emden equation
is named for him and Jonathan Homer Lane
.
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
astrophysicist and meteorologist. He was born in St. Gallen
St. Gallen
St. Gallen is the capital of the canton of St. Gallen in Switzerland. It evolved from the hermitage of Saint Gall, founded in the 7th century. Today, it is a large urban agglomeration and represents the center of eastern Switzerland. The town mainly relies on the service sector for its economic...
, Switzerland
Switzerland
Switzerland name of one of the Swiss cantons. ; ; ; or ), in its full name the Swiss Confederation , is a federal republic consisting of 26 cantons, with Bern as the seat of the federal authorities. The country is situated in Western Europe,Or Central Europe depending on the definition....
. In 1907 he became associate professor of physics and meteorology at the Technical University of Munich
Technical University of Munich
The Technische Universität München is a research university with campuses in Munich, Garching, and Weihenstephan...
. The same year he published the classic work, Gaskugeln: Anwendungen der mechanischen Wärmetheorie auf kosmologische und meteorologische Probleme (Gas balls: Applications of the mechanical heat theory to cosmological and meteorological problems), which provided a mathematical model as a basis of stellar structure
Star
A star is a massive, luminous sphere of plasma held together by gravity. At the end of its lifetime, a star can also contain a proportion of degenerate matter. The nearest star to Earth is the Sun, which is the source of most of the energy on Earth...
. By 1920 he was a member of the Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities
The Bavarian Academy of Sciences and Humanities is an independent public institution, located in Munich. It appoints scholars whose research has contributed considerably to the increase of knowledge within their subject...
.
Emden served as the editor of Zeitschrift fur Astrophysik
Astronomy and Astrophysics
* Astronomy and Astrophysics has a 2010 impact factor of 4.410.-See also:*The Astronomy and Astrophysics Review*Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics*Astronomy & Geophysics*Astronomical Journal*Astrophysical Journal...
, founded in 1930. In 1933 he fled from Germany
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
to escape the rise of the National Socialist
Nazism
Nazism, the common short form name of National Socialism was the ideology and practice of the Nazi Party and of Nazi Germany...
party, returning to his native Switzerland.
He was the uncle of the German American
German American
German Americans are citizens of the United States of German ancestry and comprise about 51 million people, or 17% of the U.S. population, the country's largest self-reported ancestral group...
astrophysicist Martin Schwarzschild
Martin Schwarzschild
Martin Schwarzschild was a German American astronomer. He was the son of famed astrophysicist Karl Schwarzschild and the nephew of the Swiss astrophysicist Robert Emden.-Biography:...
. Jacob Robert Emden died in Zürich
Zürich
Zurich is the largest city in Switzerland and the capital of the canton of Zurich. It is located in central Switzerland at the northwestern tip of Lake Zurich...
in 1940.
The crater Emden
Emden (crater)
Emden is a lunar crater that is located in the northern hemisphere on the far side of the Moon. It is named after Jacob Robert Emden ....
on the Moon
Moon
The Moon is Earth's only known natural satellite,There are a number of near-Earth asteroids including 3753 Cruithne that are co-orbital with Earth: their orbits bring them close to Earth for periods of time but then alter in the long term . These are quasi-satellites and not true moons. For more...
is named after him. The Lane-Emden equation
Lane-Emden equation
In astrophysics, the Lane–Emden equation is Poisson's equation for the gravitational potential of a self-gravitating, spherically symmetric polytropic fluid. It is named after the astrophysicists Jonathan Homer Lane and Robert Emden...
is named for him and Jonathan Homer Lane
Jonathan Homer Lane
Jonathan Homer Lane was an American astrophysicist and inventor.His education was at the Phillips Academy in Exeter, New Hampshire. He graduated from Yale University in 1846. He worked for the U.S. Patent Office, and became a principal examiner in 1851...
.