Ron Rocco Born: Ft. Hood, Texas

Ron Rocco is an American artist living and working in New York City and Berlin, Germany. His work entails performance, mixed media installations and sculptural constructions employing a mix of found objects and prepared elements.

Fields of interest: Installation art

Installation art

Installation art describes an artistic genre of three-dimensional works that are often site-specific and designed to transform the perception of a space. Generally, the term is applied to interior spaces, whereas exterior interventions are often called Land art; however, the boundaries between...

, Photography

Photography

Photography is the art, science and practice of creating durable images by recording light or other electromagnetic radiation, either electronically by means of an image sensor or chemically by means of a light-sensitive material such as photographic film...

, Printmaking

Printmaking

Printmaking is the process of making artworks by printing, normally on paper. Printmaking normally covers only the process of creating prints with an element of originality, rather than just being a photographic reproduction of a painting. Except in the case of monotyping, the process is capable...

, Sculpture

Sculpture

Sculpture is three-dimensional artwork created by shaping or combining hard materials—typically stone such as marble—or metal, glass, or wood. Softer materials can also be used, such as clay, textiles, plastics, polymers and softer metals...

, Performance

Performance

A performance, in performing arts, generally comprises an event in which a performer or group of performers behave in a particular way for another group of people, the audience. Choral music and ballet are examples. Usually the performers participate in rehearsals beforehand. Afterwards audience...

, Video sculpture

Video sculpture

Video sculptures, a type of video installation, involve one or more video screens that spectators move among or stand in front of. Video sculptures formed of more than one screen may broadcast a single program or may simultaneously broadcast different interconnected sequences on several channels....

, Video Art

Video art

Video art is a type of art which relies on moving pictures and comprises video and/or audio data. . Video art came into existence during the 1960s and 1970s, is still widely practiced and has given rise to the widespread use of video installations...

Early life and education

As a child Ron Rocco traveled with his parents to Germany, where his father served as an American soldier in the post-war occupation army. The artist attributed his early experience with German culture as a defining element in the background to his interest in Europe and his sometimes social and political themes.

In the late 1950s and '60s Rocco grew up in the Bronx in New York City. His was an ethnically Italian neighborhood, surrounding Arthur Avenue, known as the Little Italy of the Bronx. The neighborhood scrap metal yards, inspired an early interest in working with metals, and a sense of the latent potential of found materials to evoke memory and associations. Rocco went on to study the visual arts at Purchase College, State University of New York, with classmates Jon Kessler

Jon Kessler

Jon Kessler is an American artist. He began college at SUNY Purchase from 1974—78 but left after two years to travel in Africa, Europe, and the Middle East. He returned to Purchase in 1978 and graduated in 1980 with honors. Following graduation, Kessler took up a studio in Brooklyn, New York where...

 and Fred Wilson

Fred Wilson (artist)

Conceptual artist Fred Wilson describes himself as of "African, Native American, European and Amerindian" descent. Wilson received a MacArthur Foundation Genius Grant in 1999 and the Larry Aldrich Foundation Award in 2003. Wilson represented the United States at the Biennial Cairo in 1992 and the...

, studying with sculptor Tal Streeter, photographer and musician John Cohen and printmaker Antonio Frasconi

Antonio Frasconi

Antonio Frasconi is an artist known for his woodcuts. He has won a number of awards and illustrated over 100 books. His major work took ten years to complete and is a series of woodcuts that illustrate "The Disappeared"...

. Later he began graduate study at the Center for Advanced Visual Studies

Center for Advanced Visual Studies

The Center for Advanced Visual Studies at MIT was founded in 1967 by artist and teacher György Kepes. Kepes, who taught at the new Bauhaus in Chicago, originally founded the Center as a way to encourage artistic collaboration on a large civic scale....

 at M.I.T.

Massachusetts Institute of Technology

The Massachusetts Institute of Technology is a private research university located in Cambridge, Massachusetts. MIT has five schools and one college, containing a total of 32 academic departments, with a strong emphasis on scientific and technological education and research.Founded in 1861 in...

 under the instruction of the German Group Zero artist, Otto Piene

Otto Piene

Otto Piene is a German artist. He lives and works in Düsseldorf and Groton, Massachusetts.-Biography:...

, filmmaker Ricky Leacock

Cinéma vérité

Cinéma vérité is a style of documentary filmmaking, combining naturalistic techniques with stylized cinematic devices of editing and camerawork, staged set-ups, and the use of the camera to provoke subjects. It is also known for taking a provocative stance toward its topics.There are subtle yet...

, and anthropologist Heather Lechtman. Here Mr. Rocco began projects, which would result in his Guggenheim, New York performance entitled Zaroff’s Tale.

Early career

Rocco's earliest work in sculpture grew out of an interest in the tension generated forms, made famous by the American artist, Kenneth Snelson

Kenneth Snelson

Kenneth Snelson is a contemporary sculptor and photographer. His sculptural works are composed of flexible and rigid components arranged according to the idea of 'tensegrity', although Snelson does not use the term....

 and German architect, Frei Otto

Frei Otto

Frei Paul Otto is a German architect and structural engineer.- Life :Otto was born in Siegmar . He studied architecture in Berlin before being drafted into the Luftwaffe as a fighter pilot in the last years of World War II...

. Mr. Rocco’s work was based on arced segments of aluminum or wood, in constructions which displayed a balance between tensile and compressive forces, subject to the effects of gravity. His exploration of these structures appeared in the exhibition, Models for Large Sculpture, presented at the Arnot Art Museum in Elmira, New York and later in a solo exhibition at Toronto's Galerie Danielli.

Rocco's work through a public commission from Festival Ithaca and the National Endowment for the Arts in 1977, resulted in Altair, a matrix of arc segments and stainless steel cable, occupying an area of 1200 cubic feet (34 m³), suspended five stories above the city center in Ithaca, New York. Meketra a second large scale commission from this period was exhibited at Cornell University’s Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art.

Later work in tension sculptures and performance activities, employed string figures taken from Inuit and Oceanic sources; forms, which in their traditional context possessed a social facet, in the communication of communal beliefs and ritual.

Mr. Rocco used these as mechanisms for dialogue with his audience in performance works like Zaroff's Tale (Guggenheim Museum, New York), A String form for Binding Nations (United Nations, New York) and Laser Sculpture Dance (Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, Ithaca, NY).

Work in performance and electronic media

Building on earlier work at M.I.T.'s Visual Language Workshop and Owego, New York’s Experimental Television Center

Experimental Television Center

The Experimental Television Center is a one of a kind video art production studio in Owego, New York. Since its foundation in 1971, the center has been instrumental to the field of video art by providing artists with the tools of video art production through artist residencies and grants...

, Rocco authored computer software to produce an early image processing system for video. This resulted in his 1985 collaboration with dance choreographer Mel Wong and The Mel Wong Dance Company. Together they presented, Buddha Meets Einstein at the Great Wall during an American tour and at New York's Asia Society.

This presentation used dance in combination with pre-recorded and real-time computer/video image processing to explore varying perceptions of time from both an American and Asian viewpoint. It was a performance that New York Times dance critic, Jennifer Dunning called one of the most successful integrations of video imagery and modern dance.

At the time, Mr. Rocco clarified, "The formal concerns of movement in dance could accentuate the effects of my equipment on the flow of time, providing a suitable format for the beauty and complexity of this subtle video processor". This performance was funded by a 1984 Inter-Arts Grant from The National Endowment for the Arts and the Sony Corporation, and may well have been the first live, on-stage application of computer generated imagery for dance.

Other media projects in-residence at Canada’s Banff Center in Alberta, involved musician David Hykes

David Hykes

David Hykes is a composer, singer, musician, author, and meditation teacher. He was one of the earliest modern western pioneers of so-called overtone singing, and has developed since 1975 a comprehensive approach to contemplative music which he calls Harmonic Chant...

, of The Harmonic Choir. Together they developed a computer assisted laser/video work, which generated kinetic cycles of visual phenomena from Mr. Hykes’s music. One such installation, provided real-time, graphic representation of sound, employing a laser scanner and a digitally processed, video feedback loop to create images that were abstract and strikingly calligraphic. This appeared in the work, In Light of Sound, one of Mr. Rocco’s Andro-Media Series installations, at the Cathedral of St. John the Divine in New York City. The New York State Council on the Arts funded event in collaboration Mr. Hykes and his Harmonic Choir used the two thousand year old tradition of Mongolian overtone chanting, practiced by these musicians, to control the visual phenomena created by the system of scanning lasers, video displays and computer processor.

Working in the later '90s, Mr. Rocco explored the potential of web based projects in works like Rabinal Achi/Zapatista Port Action of 1997, a collaboration with Ricardo Dominguez

Ricardo Dominguez (professor)

Ricardo Dominguez is an artist and associate professor of visual arts at UC San Diego. He has been the subject of controversy over a number of acts of electronic civil disobedience on his own and with the Electronic Disturbance Theater, which he co-founded.Dominguez, the founder of the Electronic...

, for the M.I.T /List Center Gallery's exhibition PORT/Navigating Digital Culture, and Communicating Vessels with Dutch artist Arnold Schalks.

Rabinal Achi/Zapatista Port Action, was a fusion of drama and social commentary into a work spanning eight hundred years of Mayan History. Eight broadcast events were produced (via Pseudo Media in New York), bringing together news clips, interviews and discussion groups from Chiapas, Mexico, and the U.S. along with Mayan theater, for the List Gallery exhibition and the Internet. Rabinal Achi/Zapatista Port Action was a composite work, and used a VRML bridge, to join live audio and video streams, chat groups and an enactment of the Rabinal-Achi, a classic Mayan theater work of highland Guatemala.

Communicating Vessels, was presented as a maritime contribution to the Snug Harbor Cultural Center's program in 1998. As a site specific and web based project located at the St. George terminal of the Staten Island Ferry, this project joined maritime subjects, navigation technology and historical documents to explored the relationship of Snug Harbor Cultural Center's past, as a home for retired seamen, to the present refuge for aged sailors in Sea Level, North Carolina. Through interviews with the residents of the North Carolina facility, Communicating Vessels presented the Atlantic Ocean as the connective element between the two locations via the Internet, using an information kiosk at the St. George site to present the web site, track ferry navigation via software provided by MapTech corporation, and to distribute newspapers and other publications. Communicating Vessels, was funded by the Netherlands Consul to North America and CBK Centrum Bildende Kunst, Rotterdam.

Sculpture and European projects

Resident in New York 1979-1989 on the Lower East Side and later in Williamsburg, Brooklyn, Rocco’s sculptural work focused on New York Real Estate as a defining force in the life experiences of artists. Works like A Poet Dies on 12th Street and Eviction Plan stem from his experiences as a tenant organizer at this time, and document cases of murder and arson as side-products of these economic forces.

Focusing on the balance between the natural and man-made world, Mr. Rocco’s 1989, Waterline Project in Amsterdam, Netherlands was created for the Dutch foundation ArtGarden. It consisted of three outdoor sculptures in a park-like environment, and commented on the Dutch accomplishment of redefining natural boundaries between earth and sea. The project was produced with the joint support of The Netherlands-America Foundation, Art Matters, The New York Foundation for the Arts and The Foundation for Contemporary Performance Arts, Martin Air Holland, Regency Art Transfer of New York and the generous assistance of the Dutch Consulate to the United States and The Department of Cultural Affairs of the City of New York.

The Horizon is Nothing More than the Limit of Our Sight, Mr. Rocco’s 1990 installation for the Brooklyn Museum of Art in New York, in addressing the natural and man-made worlds used the horizon to defined a perceptual boundary. This installation implied the possibility of a new social awareness, by people sharing interests of greater ecological benefit. Confronting a video landscape, and traversing the maze of barriers which comprise this work, the spectator explores the conceptual limits, which isolate us from this awareness.

Other projects during Mr. Rocco’s later European residencies at Künstlerhaus Bethanien and Die KünstFabrik in Berlin, Germany as well as Kunst & Complex in Rotterdam, Netherlands, resulted in exhibitions in 1991-93. The Berlin Project, fruit of his work at Künstlerhaus Bethanien’s International Studio Program, was a body of art works which identified distinct facets of Berlin's evolving social dynamic. The objects showcased, referenced the socialist realism found in eastern parts of the city, as well as commercial elements taken from the west. The project, part of which is housed in Berlin’s Berlinische Galerie, utilized images taken from the streets and transit system of the city, as well as historical references, to reveal the new rules in an economic struggle beginning in the city at that time.

Private Parts, the product of his residency at Kunst & Complex in 1993, focused on self-examination, an examination defined as transcending the individual. This body of work, which delineated personal issues such as age, masculinity, and health, took on more global meaning, in the context of addressing questions of human frailty, genocide and social values during times of transition. In this body of work, Mr. Rocco often refers to elements of control and order, and environments bordering on social cataclysm, through images of sinking ships, deserted streets and disoriented swimmers. He identified this work, “functioning as a diary of thoughts and images, from a year of painful transformation in Europe, posting warnings of all that is at stake in the search for peace and unification in Europe”.

Selected solo exhibitions

• CTS creative thriftshop /Dam Stuhltrager Gallery, Brooklyn, N.Y. (2010)
• Hudson Guild, New York, N.Y. (2004)
• Galerie Völcker & Freunde, Berlin, Germany (2002)
• University Gallery /University of Massachusetts, Lowell, MA. (1999)
• Warehouse Galerie, Amsterdam, Netherlands (1993)
• Künstlerhaus Bethanien, Berlin, Germany (1991)
• Amerika Haus, Berlin, Germany (1991)
• Foundation Artgarden, Amsterdam, Netherlands (1989)
• Museum of Modern Art /P.S.1, Long. Island.City., N.Y.(1987)
• Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum, New York, N.Y. (1983)
• Gallery Danielli, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (1979)
• Herbert F. Johnson Museum, Ithaca , N.Y. (1979)
• Arnot Art Museum, Elmira, N.Y. (1976)

Selected group exhibitions

2008    IPCNY /International Print Center, New York, N.Y.

        ArtForum 2008 Berlin, Germany

2007    Supermarkt 2.0, Berlin, Germany

2006    Visual Arts Center of New Jersey, Summit, N.J.

        Künst & Complex, Rotterdam, Netherlands

        Stone Quarry Hill Art Park, Cazanovia, N.Y.

2004    Scope /New York Galerie Völcker & Freunde, New York, N.Y.

        Scope /Miami Galerie Völcker & Freunde, Miami, Florida

        Rockland Center for the Arts, Nyack, N.Y.

2001    Collaborative Concepts, Beacon, N.Y.

        Hudson Guild, New York, N.Y.

2000    Islip Art Museum/Anthony Giordano Gallery, Islip, N.Y.

        Galerie Völcker & Freunde, Berlin, Germany

1999    Campo & Campo, Antwerp, Belgium

        Galerie Völcker & Freunde, Berlin, Germany

1998    Snug Harbor Cultural Center, Staten Island, N.Y.

1997    Brooklyn Museum of Art,  Brooklyn, N.Y.

        Herbert and Vera List Center at M.I.T. Cambridge, MA.

1996    Rotunda Gallery,  Brooklyn, N.Y.

        Neuberger Museum of Art,   Purchase, N.Y.

        Sylvia White Gallery, New York, N.Y.

1995    ISEA95, Montreal, Quebec, Canada

1992    Galerie Schoen+Nalepa, Berlin, Germany

1991    Fundaçao Demócrito Rocha,  Fortalesca, Brazil

1990    Katonah Museum of Art, Katonah, N.Y.

        Brooklyn Museum of Art, Brooklyn, N.Y.

1989    University Art Gallery, SUNY at Albany, N.Y.

1987    Brooklyn Art and Cultural Assoc., Brooklyn, N.Y.

        Morris Museum, Morristown, N.J.

        P.S.1 -MOMA/Institute for Art and Urban Resources, New York, N.Y.

        Banff Center, Alberta, Canada

1986    CAD/CAM International Exhibition of Computer Artforms, Kortijk, Belgium

        Cathedral of St. John the Divine, New York, N.Y.

1985    Asia Society, New York, N.Y.

        Video Image Invitational, Foundation Georgio Ronchi, Capri, Italy

        Bronx Museum of Art, Bronx, N.Y.

1983    United Nations, New York, N.Y.

1981    Pratt Institute, Brooklyn, N.Y.

        Herbert F. Johnson Museum, Ithaca, N.Y.

1980    Gallery Danielli, Toronto, Ontario, Canada

1979    The Showing Room, New York, N.Y.

        IV Biennale Internazionale Dantesca, Ravenna, Italy

1978    Middendorf /Lane Gallery, Washington, D.C.

        Herbert F. Johnson Museum of Art, Ithaca, N.Y.

1975    Roy R. Neuberger Museum, Purchase, N.Y.

Awards and sponsorship

• Art Matters Foundation
• CBK Centrum Bildende Künst-Rotterdam
• The Creative and Performing Arts Council of Cornell University
• Foundation for Contemporary Performance Arts
• The Netherlands Consul for North America
• The Netherland-America Foundation
• The National Endowment for the Arts / Interdisciplinary Arts Program
• New York Foundation for the Arts /Awards in Sculpture and Printmaking
• New York State Council on the Arts /Individual Artist Program and Sponsored Projects
• Sculpture Award of the Ithaca Art Association