Rose Knox, née Markward, aka Mrs Charles B. Knox (November 18, 1857 – 1950) was an American

United States

The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...

 businesswoman, who ran the Knox Gelatin Factory in Johnstown

Johnstown (city), New York

Johnstown is a city and the county seat of Fulton County in the U.S. state of New York. As of the 2000 Census, the city had population of 8,511. Recent estimates put the figure closer to 8,100. The city was named by its founder, Sir William Johnson after his son John Johnson...

, New York

New York

New York is a state in the Northeastern region of the United States. It is the nation's third most populous state. New York is bordered by New Jersey and Pennsylvania to the south, and by Connecticut, Massachusetts and Vermont to the east...

, USA after her husband died. She won wide respect as one of the leading businesswomen of her time.

Biography

Rose was one of three girls born to David and Amanda Markward of Mansfield, Ohio

Mansfield, Ohio

Mansfield is a city in the U.S. state of Ohio and the county seat of Richland County. The municipality is located in north-central Ohio in the western foothills of the Allegheny Plateau, approximately southwest of Cleveland and northeast of Columbus....

. In the late 1870s, Rose and her family moved to Gloversville, New York

Gloversville, New York

Gloversville is a city in Fulton County, New York, that was once the hub of America's glovemaking industry with over two hundred manufacturers in Gloversville and Johnstown. In 2000, Gloversville had a population of 15,413. Ten years later, the population had increased to 15,665- History :The...

, where she lived until 1896. Rose met her husband, Charles Briggs Knox, in 1881: they married on February 15, 1883. Together Rose and Charles had three children: one girl who died in childhood, and two sons, one of whom died in early adulthood. Rose took her husband's last name, Knox, on marriage. In 1896 the family moved to Johnstown to set up a gelatin

Gelatin

Gelatin is a translucent, colorless, brittle , flavorless solid substance, derived from the collagen inside animals' skin and bones. It is commonly used as a gelling agent in food, pharmaceuticals, photography, and cosmetic manufacturing. Substances containing gelatin or functioning in a similar...

 business after Charles Knox watched Rose making homemade gelatin in her kitchen. The Charles B. Knox Gelatin Company was located in a large four story factory building. Mr. and Mrs. Charles Knox were very close: Charles shared all his business affairs with his wife, making them partners in the business. Rose wrote recipe booklets promoting Knox's gelatin product, over a million of which were distributed each year. Progressive for his time, Mr. Knox also allocated his wife a weekly allowance which she could do with as she pleased. This taught Rose how to handle and budget money, which came in handy when she was running the Gelatin Business herself.

Mrs. Knox became a businesswoman when her husband died in 1908, taking over his Knox Gelatin Factory. She made notable changes in the business. The first day she was there she permanently closed the back door of the factory, stating that all men and women were equal and that was the way she was going to be treating them: there was no need to have two separate doors. She also requested one of her husband’s top executives to resign after he was overheard saying he would not work for a woman. Throughout the years to come, Mrs. Knox made many other changes. One of the most famous things she did was to create a five day work week for her workers, and she also gave them two weeks of paid vacation, something that was unheard of before. Mrs. Knox survived the Depression

Great Depression

The Great Depression was a severe worldwide economic depression in the decade preceding World War II. The timing of the Great Depression varied across nations, but in most countries it started in about 1929 and lasted until the late 1930s or early 1940s...

without having to release any of her workers. She was a Presbyterian in religion and a Republican in politics. She died aged 93, in 1950.

Writings

• Knox's gelatine : 70 easy delicious desserts made from Knox's sparkling calves foot gelatine, the new granulated package, 1896
• Food economy; recipes for left-overs and plain desserts, 1917

Honors

Rose Knox, as one of the first business women in New York State, received many honors in her lifetime. In 1918, it was said that Rose Knox was one of the country's "most successful business women." She became the first woman on the Board of Directors of the American Grocery Manufacturers Association in 1929. In 1937, Mrs. Knox was voted as the woman who had contributed the most to American business by the New York State Federation of Business and Professional Women. And in 1950, the story of her life was told on "Cavalcade of America" which was broadcast from New York. Recently, in March 2007, she was honored during Women’s History Month as a New York State Woman of Distinction.