Rose Rand
Encyclopedia
Rose Rand A logician and a Philosopher. A member of the Vienna Circle
.
). After her family moved to Austria
she studied at the Polish Gymnasium
in Vienna
. In 1924 she enrolled in Vienna University, her teachers included Heinrich Gomperz
, Moritz Schlick
, and Rudolf Carnap
. She graduated with her first degree in 1928.
As a PhD candidate, Rand participated regularly in the Vienna Circle discussions, and kept records of these discussions. Between 1930 and 1937 she worked, and took part in research, at the Psychiatric-neurological Clinic of the Vienna university. She also earned money by tutoring students and giving adult educations classes.
In 1938 she received her PhD for "T. Kotarbiński
's Philosophy”.
Rand, unemployed and of Jewish descent, suffered great difficulties in pre-World War II
Vienna. In 1939 she finally emigrated to London
as a Jew without nationality.
After a period of time in England in which she worked as a nurse she was admitted as "distinguished foreigner” at the faculty of Moral Science at Cambridge University. In 1943 she lost her privileges and had to work at a metal factory, and teach night classes in German
and psychology
in the Luton Technical College and Tottenham Technical College. Karl Popper
helped her to get a small research grant, so she could attend Oxford University as a "recognized student." Between 1943-50 she also worked in practical engineering
.
Rand moved to the United States
in 1954. Between 1955 and 1959 she taught elementary math, ancient philosophy and logic, and was a research associate, in the University of Chicago
, Indiana University Northwest
in Gary
and Notre Dame University.
In 1959 she returned to Cambridge, Massachusetts
and after that to Princeton, New Jersey
. In the following years she earned her living from grants and fellowships which were given to her mostly for her work on translations.
Rand’s records were purchased by the University of Pittsburgh
. They contain, among other things, her research, the records of the discussions in the Vienna Circle protocols and over 1,600 letters to Otto Neurath
, Ludwig Wittgenstein
, Alfred Tarski
and others.
Vienna Circle
The Vienna Circle was an association of philosophers gathered around the University of Vienna in 1922, chaired by Moritz Schlick, also known as the Ernst Mach Society in honour of Ernst Mach...
.
Life and work
Rand was born in Lemberg (today, Lviv, UkraineUkraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
). After her family moved to Austria
Austria
Austria , officially the Republic of Austria , is a landlocked country of roughly 8.4 million people in Central Europe. It is bordered by the Czech Republic and Germany to the north, Slovakia and Hungary to the east, Slovenia and Italy to the south, and Switzerland and Liechtenstein to the...
she studied at the Polish Gymnasium
Gymnasium (school)
A gymnasium is a type of school providing secondary education in some parts of Europe, comparable to English grammar schools or sixth form colleges and U.S. college preparatory high schools. The word γυμνάσιον was used in Ancient Greece, meaning a locality for both physical and intellectual...
in Vienna
Vienna
Vienna is the capital and largest city of the Republic of Austria and one of the nine states of Austria. Vienna is Austria's primary city, with a population of about 1.723 million , and is by far the largest city in Austria, as well as its cultural, economic, and political centre...
. In 1924 she enrolled in Vienna University, her teachers included Heinrich Gomperz
Heinrich Gomperz
Heinrich Gomperz was an Austrian philosopher.He was a son of Theodor Gomperz...
, Moritz Schlick
Moritz Schlick
Friedrich Albert Moritz Schlick was a German philosopher, physicist and the founding father of logical positivism and the Vienna Circle.-Early life and works:...
, and Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap
Rudolf Carnap was an influential German-born philosopher who was active in Europe before 1935 and in the United States thereafter. He was a major member of the Vienna Circle and an advocate of logical positivism....
. She graduated with her first degree in 1928.
As a PhD candidate, Rand participated regularly in the Vienna Circle discussions, and kept records of these discussions. Between 1930 and 1937 she worked, and took part in research, at the Psychiatric-neurological Clinic of the Vienna university. She also earned money by tutoring students and giving adult educations classes.
In 1938 she received her PhD for "T. Kotarbiński
Tadeusz Kotarbinski
Tadeusz Kotarbiński , a pupil of Kazimierz Twardowski, was a Polish philosopher, logician, one of the most representative figures of the Lwów-Warsaw School, and a member of the Polish Academy of Learning as well as the Polish Academy of Sciences...
's Philosophy”.
Rand, unemployed and of Jewish descent, suffered great difficulties in pre-World War II
World War II
World War II, or the Second World War , was a global conflict lasting from 1939 to 1945, involving most of the world's nations—including all of the great powers—eventually forming two opposing military alliances: the Allies and the Axis...
Vienna. In 1939 she finally emigrated to London
London
London is the capital city of :England and the :United Kingdom, the largest metropolitan area in the United Kingdom, and the largest urban zone in the European Union by most measures. Located on the River Thames, London has been a major settlement for two millennia, its history going back to its...
as a Jew without nationality.
After a period of time in England in which she worked as a nurse she was admitted as "distinguished foreigner” at the faculty of Moral Science at Cambridge University. In 1943 she lost her privileges and had to work at a metal factory, and teach night classes in German
German language
German is a West Germanic language, related to and classified alongside English and Dutch. With an estimated 90 – 98 million native speakers, German is one of the world's major languages and is the most widely-spoken first language in the European Union....
and psychology
Psychology
Psychology is the study of the mind and behavior. Its immediate goal is to understand individuals and groups by both establishing general principles and researching specific cases. For many, the ultimate goal of psychology is to benefit society...
in the Luton Technical College and Tottenham Technical College. Karl Popper
Karl Popper
Sir Karl Raimund Popper, CH FRS FBA was an Austro-British philosopher and a professor at the London School of Economics...
helped her to get a small research grant, so she could attend Oxford University as a "recognized student." Between 1943-50 she also worked in practical engineering
Engineering
Engineering is the discipline, art, skill and profession of acquiring and applying scientific, mathematical, economic, social, and practical knowledge, in order to design and build structures, machines, devices, systems, materials and processes that safely realize improvements to the lives of...
.
Rand moved to the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
in 1954. Between 1955 and 1959 she taught elementary math, ancient philosophy and logic, and was a research associate, in the University of Chicago
University of Chicago
The University of Chicago is a private research university in Chicago, Illinois, USA. It was founded by the American Baptist Education Society with a donation from oil magnate and philanthropist John D. Rockefeller and incorporated in 1890...
, Indiana University Northwest
Indiana University Northwest
Indiana University Northwest is a regional university campus in the Indiana University system in Gary, Indiana, USA, established in 1963.-Courses:...
in Gary
Gary, Indiana
Gary is a city in Lake County, Indiana, United States. The city is in the southeastern portion of the Chicago metropolitan area and is 25 miles from downtown Chicago. The population is 80,294 at the 2010 census, making it the seventh-largest city in the state. It borders Lake Michigan and is known...
and Notre Dame University.
In 1959 she returned to Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge, Massachusetts
Cambridge is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States, in the Greater Boston area. It was named in honor of the University of Cambridge in England, an important center of the Puritan theology embraced by the town's founders. Cambridge is home to two of the world's most prominent...
and after that to Princeton, New Jersey
Princeton, New Jersey
Princeton is a community located in Mercer County, New Jersey, United States. It is best known as the location of Princeton University, which has been sited in the community since 1756...
. In the following years she earned her living from grants and fellowships which were given to her mostly for her work on translations.
Rand’s records were purchased by the University of Pittsburgh
University of Pittsburgh
The University of Pittsburgh, commonly referred to as Pitt, is a state-related research university located in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. Founded as Pittsburgh Academy in 1787 on what was then the American frontier, Pitt is one of the oldest continuously chartered institutions of...
. They contain, among other things, her research, the records of the discussions in the Vienna Circle protocols and over 1,600 letters to Otto Neurath
Otto Neurath
Otto Neurath was an Austrian philosopher of science, sociologist, and political economist...
, Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Wittgenstein
Ludwig Josef Johann Wittgenstein was an Austrian philosopher who worked primarily in logic, the philosophy of mathematics, the philosophy of mind, and the philosophy of language. He was professor in philosophy at the University of Cambridge from 1939 until 1947...
, Alfred Tarski
Alfred Tarski
Alfred Tarski was a Polish logician and mathematician. Educated at the University of Warsaw and a member of the Lwow-Warsaw School of Logic and the Warsaw School of Mathematics and philosophy, he emigrated to the USA in 1939, and taught and carried out research in mathematics at the University of...
and others.