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Route 110 (Massachusetts)
Encyclopedia
Route 110, is a southwest-northeast state highway
in Massachusetts
. The route travels from West Boylston
in Central Massachusetts to Salisbury
near the coast.
Route 110 is paralleled by Interstate 495
for most of its length, and interchanges with the freeway several times along its journey.
, just north of the Wachusett Reservoir
. The route follows north of the reservoir, passing through Sterling
before entering Clinton
. In Clinton, Route 110 shares a quarter-mile concurrency with Route 62 and Route 70 before heading northward, crossing the Nashua River
and passing through Lancaster
.
The route continues into Bolton
, crossing Route 117 and passing the Bolton Flats before entering the town of Harvard
. Route 110 continues through the village of Still River
, wrapping around Bare Hill Pond before joining Route 111, starting a 3.7-mile long concurrency which crosses Route 2 at Exit 38, just east of Fort Devens
. The concurrency with Route 111 ends in Ayer
in Middlesex County
at a rotary junction with Route 2A, where Route 110 begins a concurrency with Route 2A eastward into Littleton
.
In Littleton, Routes 110 and 2A cross the Fitchburg Line
railroad tracks before meeting I-495
at Exit 30, beginning Route 110's long relationship with the interstate. At Route 119. Route 2A leaves Route 110 to head eastward, with Route 110 entering Westford
. In Westford, Route 110 shares a short concurrency with Route 225 before continuing just south of I-495, accessing the highway again off of Boston Road. Route 110 enters Chelmsford
, meeting Massachusetts Route 4 and the western end of Route 129 at the center of town, just north of the northern end of Route 27. Route 110 then crosses I-495 at Exit 34, and then shortly meets U.S. Route 3
at Exit 31, just as Route 110 enters the city of Lowell
.
In Lowell, Route 110 joins Route 3A
near the Gallagher Transit Center
and just north of the northern end of the Lowell Connector
. Route 110 continues eastward, meeting the western end of Route 133
at Route 38, joining Route 38 to heard northward across the Merrimack River
via the Hunts Falls Bridge. Just north of the bridge the two routes split at a rotary, with Route 38 heading west and Route 110 heading east, following the northern bank of the Merrimack through Dracut
and into Methuen
.
In Methuen, Route 110 meets Route 113 at a rotary interchange with Interstate 93
at Exit 46, splitting from Route 113 quickly, with Route 110 heading eastward into the city of Lawrence
. Route 110 crosses Route 28 before heading along the north side of Campagnone Common before turning northward along Jackson Street. It then heads back into Methuen and turns eastward again along Swan Street, heading towards another junction with I-495 at Exit 46. The route then junctions Route 113 again before crossing under I-495 without junction before entering Haverhill
.
In Haverhill, Routes 110 and 113 bend around the Merrimack, meeting I-495 again at Exit 49. The routes follow the banks of the Merrimack until Route 110 turns northward along Emerson Street. It crosses Route 97
before having a brief concurrency with Route 15
, turning northward. The route passes Winnekienni Park and Kenoza Lake at the junction with Route 108
before crossing I-495 again at Exit 52. Route 110 then heads into Merrimac
, acting as the main street through that town before entering Amesbury
. In Amesbury, Route 110 junctions Route 150
and I-495 at its last exit (Exit 55) before crossing I-95
at exit 58 and entering Salisbury
. The route finally ends at U.S. Route 1
(known locally as Bridge Road) just south of where Route 1A
leaves it for the last time, 2.5 miles (4 km) west of Salisbury Beach and the Atlantic Ocean.
State highway
State highway, state road or state route can refer to one of three related concepts, two of them related to a state or provincial government in a country that is divided into states or provinces :#A...
in Massachusetts
Massachusetts
The Commonwealth of Massachusetts is a state in the New England region of the northeastern United States of America. It is bordered by Rhode Island and Connecticut to the south, New York to the west, and Vermont and New Hampshire to the north; at its east lies the Atlantic Ocean. As of the 2010...
. The route travels from West Boylston
West Boylston, Massachusetts
-Library:The West Boylston public library was established in 1878. In fiscal year 2008, the town of West Boylston spent 1.6% of its budget on its public library—some $37 per person.-External links:******...
in Central Massachusetts to Salisbury
Salisbury, Massachusetts
Salisbury is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 7,827 at the 2000 census. The community is a popular summer resort beach town situated on the Atlantic Ocean north of Boston on the New Hampshire border....
near the coast.
Route 110 is paralleled by Interstate 495
Interstate 495 (Massachusetts)
Interstate 495 is the designation of an Interstate Highway half-beltway in Massachusetts. It was the longest auxiliary Interstate Highway of its kind—measuring 120.74 miles —until 1996, when the PA Route 9 section of the Pennsylvania Turnpike was redesignated as Interstate 476, making it about ...
for most of its length, and interchanges with the freeway several times along its journey.
Route description
Route 110 begins at Route 12 in West BoylstonWest Boylston, Massachusetts
-Library:The West Boylston public library was established in 1878. In fiscal year 2008, the town of West Boylston spent 1.6% of its budget on its public library—some $37 per person.-External links:******...
, just north of the Wachusett Reservoir
Wachusett Reservoir
The Wachusett Reservoir is the second largest body of water in the state of Massachusetts. It is located in central Massachusetts, northeast of Worcester. It is part of the water supply system for metropolitan Boston maintained by the Massachusetts Water Resources Authority . It has an aggregate...
. The route follows north of the reservoir, passing through Sterling
Sterling, Massachusetts
Sterling is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, USA. The population was 7,808 at the 2010 census.- History :Sterling was first settled by Europeans in 1720 and was officially incorporated in 1781....
before entering Clinton
Clinton, Massachusetts
Clinton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 13,606 at the 2010 census.For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Clinton, please see the article Clinton , Massachusetts....
. In Clinton, Route 110 shares a quarter-mile concurrency with Route 62 and Route 70 before heading northward, crossing the Nashua River
Nashua River
The Nashua River, long, is a tributary of the Merrimack River in Massachusetts and New Hampshire in the United States. It is formed in eastern Worcester County, Massachusetts, by junction of its north and south branches near Lancaster, and flows generally north-northeast past Groton to join the...
and passing through Lancaster
Lancaster, Massachusetts
Lancaster is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, in the United States. Incorporated in 1653, Lancaster is the oldest town in Worcester County...
.
The route continues into Bolton
Bolton, Massachusetts
As of the census of 2000, there were 4,148 people, 1,424 households, and 1,201 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 1,476 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 97.76% White, 0.19% African American, 0.05% Native American, 1.30%...
, crossing Route 117 and passing the Bolton Flats before entering the town of Harvard
Harvard, Massachusetts
Harvard is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. A farming community settled in 1658 and incorporated in 1732, it has been home to several non-traditional communities, such as Harvard Shaker Village and the utopian Transcendentalist center Fruitlands...
. Route 110 continues through the village of Still River
Still River, Massachusetts
Still River is a village located on the west side of the town of Harvard, Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States.Noted for its spectacular views of Mount Wachusett, Still River is home to Saint Benedict Abbey, St. Benedict Center, Willard Farm Stand, and rolling hills, meadows, and...
, wrapping around Bare Hill Pond before joining Route 111, starting a 3.7-mile long concurrency which crosses Route 2 at Exit 38, just east of Fort Devens
Fort Devens
Fort Devens is an active United States military installation in the towns of Ayer and Shirley, in Middlesex County and Harvard in Worcester County in the U.S. state of Massachusetts. It was named after jurist and Civil War general Charles Devens. The nearby Devens Reserve Forces Training Area is...
. The concurrency with Route 111 ends in Ayer
Ayer, Massachusetts
Ayer is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Originally part of Groton, it was incorporated February 14, 1871 and became a major commercial railroad junction. The town was home to Camp Stevens, a training camp for Massachusetts volunteers during the American Civil War...
in Middlesex County
Middlesex County, Massachusetts
-National protected areas:* Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge* Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge* Longfellow National Historic Site* Lowell National Historical Park* Minute Man National Historical Park* Oxbow National Wildlife Refuge...
at a rotary junction with Route 2A, where Route 110 begins a concurrency with Route 2A eastward into Littleton
Littleton, Massachusetts
Littleton is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 8,924 at the 2010 census....
.
In Littleton, Routes 110 and 2A cross the Fitchburg Line
Fitchburg Line
The Fitchburg Line is an MBTA line that runs from Boston's North Station to Fitchburg, Massachusetts. The line is along the tracks of the former Fitchburg Railroad, which was a railroad line across northern Massachusetts, United States, leading to and through the Hoosac Tunnel. It is one of the...
railroad tracks before meeting I-495
Interstate 495 (Massachusetts)
Interstate 495 is the designation of an Interstate Highway half-beltway in Massachusetts. It was the longest auxiliary Interstate Highway of its kind—measuring 120.74 miles —until 1996, when the PA Route 9 section of the Pennsylvania Turnpike was redesignated as Interstate 476, making it about ...
at Exit 30, beginning Route 110's long relationship with the interstate. At Route 119. Route 2A leaves Route 110 to head eastward, with Route 110 entering Westford
Westford, Massachusetts
Westford is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 21,951 at the 2010 census.-History:Originally a part of neighboring Chelmsford, West Chelmsford soon grew large enough to sustain its own governance, and was officially incorporated as Westford on September 23,...
. In Westford, Route 110 shares a short concurrency with Route 225 before continuing just south of I-495, accessing the highway again off of Boston Road. Route 110 enters Chelmsford
Chelmsford, Massachusetts
Chelmsford is a suburban town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts in the Greater Boston area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the town's population was 33,802. The Census Bureau's 2008 population estimate for the town was 34,409, ranking it 14th in population among the 54 municipalities in...
, meeting Massachusetts Route 4 and the western end of Route 129 at the center of town, just north of the northern end of Route 27. Route 110 then crosses I-495 at Exit 34, and then shortly meets U.S. Route 3
U.S. Route 3
U.S. Route 3 is a north–south United States highway that runs from its southern terminus in Cambridge, Massachusetts through New Hampshire to its terminus near Third Connecticut Lake at the Canadian border, where the road continues north as Quebec Route 257.In New Hampshire parts of US 3 are...
at Exit 31, just as Route 110 enters the city of Lowell
Lowell, Massachusetts
Lowell is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, USA. According to the 2010 census, the city's population was 106,519. It is the fourth largest city in the state. Lowell and Cambridge are the county seats of Middlesex County...
.
In Lowell, Route 110 joins Route 3A
Massachusetts Route 3A
Route 3A is a state highway in eastern Massachusetts, which parallels Route 3 and U.S. Route 3 from Cedarville in southern Plymouth to Tyngsborough at the New Hampshire state line....
near the Gallagher Transit Center
Lowell (MBTA station)
Lowell is a rail station on the MBTA Commuter Rail system in Lowell, Massachusetts. The station forms part of the Charles A. Gallagher Transit Terminal, which also incorporates the Robert B. Kennedy Bus Transfer Center.- Terminal and services:...
and just north of the northern end of the Lowell Connector
Lowell Connector
The Lowell Connector, officially the American Legion Connector Highway, is a small freeway connector in the Massachusetts state highway system that links nearby U.S. Highway 3 and Interstate 495 to downtown Lowell, Massachusetts...
. Route 110 continues eastward, meeting the western end of Route 133
Massachusetts Route 133
Route 133 is an east–west Massachusetts state route that runs from Lowell to Gloucester.-Route description:Route 133 begins at the junction of Route 38 and Route 110 in Lowell, where Route 110 begins a concurrency with Route 38 northbound. Route 133 heads east from this point, heading...
at Route 38, joining Route 38 to heard northward across the Merrimack River
Merrimack River
The Merrimack River is a river in the northeastern United States. It rises at the confluence of the Pemigewasset and Winnipesaukee rivers in Franklin, New Hampshire, flows southward into Massachusetts, and then flows northeast until it empties into the Atlantic Ocean at Newburyport...
via the Hunts Falls Bridge. Just north of the bridge the two routes split at a rotary, with Route 38 heading west and Route 110 heading east, following the northern bank of the Merrimack through Dracut
Dracut, Massachusetts
Dracut is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. As of the 2010 census, the town population was 29,457. Dracut is primarily a suburban community, belonging to Greater Lowell and bordering southern New Hampshire...
and into Methuen
Methuen, Massachusetts
Methuen is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 43,789 at the 2000 census.-History:Methuen was first settled in 1642 and was officially incorporated in 1726; it is named for the British diplomat Sir Paul Methuen. Methuen was originally part of Haverhill,...
.
In Methuen, Route 110 meets Route 113 at a rotary interchange with Interstate 93
Interstate 93
Interstate 93 is an Interstate Highway in the New England section of the United States. Its southern terminus is in Canton, Massachusetts, in the Boston metropolitan area, at Interstate 95; its northern terminus is near St. Johnsbury, Vermont, at Interstate 91...
at Exit 46, splitting from Route 113 quickly, with Route 110 heading eastward into the city of Lawrence
Lawrence, Massachusetts
Lawrence is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States on the Merrimack River. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a total population of 76,377. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the southeast. It and Salem are...
. Route 110 crosses Route 28 before heading along the north side of Campagnone Common before turning northward along Jackson Street. It then heads back into Methuen and turns eastward again along Swan Street, heading towards another junction with I-495 at Exit 46. The route then junctions Route 113 again before crossing under I-495 without junction before entering Haverhill
Haverhill, Massachusetts
Haverhill is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 60,879 at the 2010 census.Located on the Merrimack River, it began as a farming community that would evolve into an important industrial center, beginning with sawmills and gristmills run by water power. In the...
.
In Haverhill, Routes 110 and 113 bend around the Merrimack, meeting I-495 again at Exit 49. The routes follow the banks of the Merrimack until Route 110 turns northward along Emerson Street. It crosses Route 97
Massachusetts Route 97
Route 97 is a south–north highway in Essex County in northeastern Massachusetts. It connects the cities of Beverly and Haverhill before continuing into Salem, New Hampshire as New Hampshire Route 97.-Route description:...
before having a brief concurrency with Route 15
Massachusetts Route 125
Route 125 is a Massachusetts state route that while running southwest to northeast, is signed north–south. It runs from Interstate 93 in Wilmington to the Massachusetts-New Hampshire state line in Haverhill, where it continues as New Hampshire Route 125 through Plaistow to Rochester, New...
, turning northward. The route passes Winnekienni Park and Kenoza Lake at the junction with Route 108
Massachusetts Route 108
Route 108 is a short south–north highway entirely in Haverhill. It is a continuation of New Hampshire Route 108 connecting to Massachusetts Route 110 northeast of downtown Haverhill...
before crossing I-495 again at Exit 52. Route 110 then heads into Merrimac
Merrimac, Massachusetts
Merrimac is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States, and on the southeastern border of New Hampshire, approximately northeast of Boston and west of the Atlantic Ocean. It is situated along the north bank of the Merrimack River in the Merrimack Valley. The population was 6,504 in 2008...
, acting as the main street through that town before entering Amesbury
Amesbury, Massachusetts
Amesbury is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. Though it officially became a city in 1996, its formal name remains "The Town of Amesbury." In 1890, 9798 people lived in Amesbury; in 1900, 9473; in 1910, 9894; in 1920, 10,036; and in 1940, 10,862. The population was 16,283 at...
. In Amesbury, Route 110 junctions Route 150
Massachusetts Route 150
Route 150 is a short south–north highway entirely in Amesbury, Massachusetts.-Route description:Route 150 begins at an intersection with Beacon Street, an unusual instance that a numbered route does not have its terminus with another numbered route...
and I-495 at its last exit (Exit 55) before crossing I-95
Interstate 95 in Massachusetts
Interstate 95 is the main highway on the East Coast of the United States, paralleling the Atlantic Ocean from Florida to Maine. The Massachusetts portion of the highway enters from the state of Rhode Island in Attleboro and travels in a northeasterly direction to the junction with Route 128 in...
at exit 58 and entering Salisbury
Salisbury, Massachusetts
Salisbury is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 7,827 at the 2000 census. The community is a popular summer resort beach town situated on the Atlantic Ocean north of Boston on the New Hampshire border....
. The route finally ends at U.S. Route 1
U.S. Route 1 in Massachusetts
In the U.S. state of Massachusetts, U.S. Route 1 is a major north–south state highway through Boston. The portion of US 1 south of Boston is also known as the Boston-Providence Turnpike, and portions north of the city are known as the Northeast Expressway and the Newburyport Turnpike.-Route...
(known locally as Bridge Road) just south of where Route 1A
Massachusetts Route 1A
Route 1A is a south–north state highway in Massachusetts. It is an alternate route to U.S. 1 with three signed sections and two unsigned sections where the highway is concurrent with its parent...
leaves it for the last time, 2.5 miles (4 km) west of Salisbury Beach and the Atlantic Ocean.
Junction list
| County | Location | Mile | Roads intersected | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Worcester Worcester County, Massachusetts -Demographics:In 1990 Worcester County had a population of 709,705.As of the census of 2000, there were 750,963 people, 283,927 households, and 192,502 families residing in the county. The population density was 496 people per square mile . There were 298,159 housing units at an average density... |
West Boylston West Boylston, Massachusetts -Library:The West Boylston public library was established in 1878. In fiscal year 2008, the town of West Boylston spent 1.6% of its budget on its public library—some $37 per person.-External links:******... |
0.00 | Western terminus of Route 110. To , via Route 12 South. |
|
| Clinton Clinton, Massachusetts Clinton is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 13,606 at the 2010 census.For geographic and demographic information on the census-designated place Clinton, please see the article Clinton , Massachusetts.... |
5.5 | Beginning of triple concurrency | ||
| 5.8 | End of triple concurrency | |||
| Bolton Bolton, Massachusetts As of the census of 2000, there were 4,148 people, 1,424 households, and 1,201 families residing in the town. The population density was . There were 1,476 housing units at an average density of . The racial makeup of the town was 97.76% White, 0.19% African American, 0.05% Native American, 1.30%... |
9.4 | |||
| Harvard Harvard, Massachusetts Harvard is a town in Worcester County, Massachusetts, United States. A farming community settled in 1658 and incorporated in 1732, it has been home to several non-traditional communities, such as Harvard Shaker Village and the utopian Transcendentalist center Fruitlands... |
14.4 | Beginning of concurrency with Route 111 | ||
| 16.0 | Route 2 Exits 38A-B | |||
| Middlesex Middlesex County, Massachusetts -National protected areas:* Assabet River National Wildlife Refuge* Great Meadows National Wildlife Refuge* Longfellow National Historic Site* Lowell National Historical Park* Minute Man National Historical Park* Oxbow National Wildlife Refuge... |
Ayer Ayer, Massachusetts Ayer is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. Originally part of Groton, it was incorporated February 14, 1871 and became a major commercial railroad junction. The town was home to Camp Stevens, a training camp for Massachusetts volunteers during the American Civil War... |
18.1 | End of concurrency with Route 111 Beginning of concurrency with Route 2A |
|
| Littleton Littleton, Massachusetts Littleton is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 8,924 at the 2010 census.... |
22.6 | I-495 Exit 30 | ||
| 23.9 | End of concurrency with Route 2A To I-495 via Route 119 North |
|||
| Westford Westford, Massachusetts Westford is a town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 21,951 at the 2010 census.-History:Originally a part of neighboring Chelmsford, West Chelmsford soon grew large enough to sustain its own governance, and was officially incorporated as Westford on September 23,... |
25.3 | Beginning of concurrency with Route 225 | ||
| 25.6 | End of concurrency with Route 225. | |||
| 26.8 | Boston Road | To I-495 via Boston Road northbound | ||
| Chelmsford Chelmsford, Massachusetts Chelmsford is a suburban town in Middlesex County, Massachusetts in the Greater Boston area. As of the 2010 United States Census, the town's population was 33,802. The Census Bureau's 2008 population estimate for the town was 34,409, ranking it 14th in population among the 54 municipalities in... |
31.2 | Brief concurrency between Routes 4 and 110 Western terminus of Route 129 To via Route 4 south |
||
| 31.8 | I-495 Exit 34 | |||
| 32.8 | US 3 Exit 31 | |||
| Lowell Lowell, Massachusetts Lowell is a city in Middlesex County, Massachusetts, USA. According to the 2010 census, the city's population was 106,519. It is the fourth largest city in the state. Lowell and Cambridge are the county seats of Middlesex County... |
34.7 | Brief concurrency between Routes 3A/110 To Lowell Connector Lowell Connector The Lowell Connector, officially the American Legion Connector Highway, is a small freeway connector in the Massachusetts state highway system that links nearby U.S. Highway 3 and Interstate 495 to downtown Lowell, Massachusetts... via Route 3A south |
||
| 35.7 | Beginning of concurrency with Route 38 Western terminus of Route 133 |
|||
| 36.1 | End of concurrency with Route 38 at rotary interchange above VFW Parkway | |||
| Essex Essex County, Massachusetts -National protected areas:* Parker River National Wildlife Refuge* Salem Maritime National Historic Site* Saugus Iron Works National Historic Site* Thacher Island National Wildlife Refuge-Demographics:... |
Methuen Methuen, Massachusetts Methuen is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 43,789 at the 2000 census.-History:Methuen was first settled in 1642 and was officially incorporated in 1726; it is named for the British diplomat Sir Paul Methuen. Methuen was originally part of Haverhill,... |
43.0 | I-93 Exit 46 Brief concurrency between Routes 110 and 113 |
|
| Lawrence Lawrence, Massachusetts Lawrence is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States on the Merrimack River. According to the 2010 U.S. Census, the city had a total population of 76,377. Surrounding communities include Methuen to the north, Andover to the southwest, and North Andover to the southeast. It and Salem are... |
45.3 | To , via Route 28 South | ||
| Methuen Methuen, Massachusetts Methuen is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 43,789 at the 2000 census.-History:Methuen was first settled in 1642 and was officially incorporated in 1726; it is named for the British diplomat Sir Paul Methuen. Methuen was originally part of Haverhill,... |
47.9 | I-495 Exit 46 | ||
| 49.3 | Beginning of concurrency with Route 113 | |||
| Haverhill Haverhill, Massachusetts Haverhill is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 60,879 at the 2010 census.Located on the Merrimack River, it began as a farming community that would evolve into an important industrial center, beginning with sawmills and gristmills run by water power. In the... |
52.0 | I-495 Exit 49 | ||
| 54.3 | End of concurrency with Route 113 | |||
| 54.6 | ||||
| 55.0 | Brief concurrency between Routes 110 and 125 | |||
| 56.0 | Southern terminus of Route 108; To | |||
| 57.0 | I-495 Exit 52 | |||
| Amesbury Amesbury, Massachusetts Amesbury is a city in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. Though it officially became a city in 1996, its formal name remains "The Town of Amesbury." In 1890, 9798 people lived in Amesbury; in 1900, 9473; in 1910, 9894; in 1920, 10,036; and in 1940, 10,862. The population was 16,283 at... |
64.1 | To Exit 54, via Route 150 South | ||
| 65.0 | I-495 Exit 55: Northbound exit to Route 110 East Southbound entrance from Route 110 West only |
|||
| 65.9 | I-95 Exits 58A-B | |||
| Salisbury Salisbury, Massachusetts Salisbury is a town in Essex County, Massachusetts, United States. The population was 7,827 at the 2000 census. The community is a popular summer resort beach town situated on the Atlantic Ocean north of Boston on the New Hampshire border.... |
69.24 | Eastern terminus of Route 110. To via US 1 North. |