Rubis
Encyclopedia
The Rubis is a French
France
The French Republic , The French Republic , The French Republic , (commonly known as France , is a unitary semi-presidential republic in Western Europe with several overseas territories and islands located on other continents and in the Indian, Pacific, and Atlantic oceans. Metropolitan France...

 two-stage rocket. As its first stage the Rubis uses an Agate
Agate
Agate is a microcrystalline variety of silica, chiefly chalcedony, characterised by its fineness of grain and brightness of color. Although agates may be found in various kinds of rock, they are classically associated with volcanic rocks and can be common in certain metamorphic rocks.-Etymology...

 engine, and as its second stage, a P064 engine. The Rubis has a maximum altutude of 2000 kilometers, a takeoff thrust of 186 kN, a diameter of 0.80 m and a length of 9.60 m. The Rubis was launched eleven times from 1964 to 1967. All Rubis rockets were launched from Hammaguir
Hammaguir
Hammaguir is a town in Algeria, south-west of Béchar. Between 1947 and 1967 there was a rocket launch site near Hammaguir, used by France for launching sounding rockets and the satellite carrier "Diamant" between 1965 and 1967....

, with the exception of the last launch, which took place from Biscarosse.
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