Ryazan Principality
Encyclopedia
The Grand Duchy of Ryazan
existed from 1078 when it was separated from the Chernigov Principality as the provincial Murom Principality.
, the official name was the Muromo-Ryazan Principality. The first ruler of Ryazan was supposedly Yaroslav Sviatoslavich, Prince of Chernigov (a city of Kievan Rus'
), later Prince of Murom-Ryzan. The capital of the Grand Duchy became Ryazan, however the present-day city of Ryazan
is located 40 miles north from the original site of the capital today known as Ryazan Staraya (Old Ryazan). By the end of 12th century the Principality waged wars with the neighboring Grand Duchy of Vladimir-Suzdal. In a course of that stand-off the city of Riazan was burned twice in a span of twenty years from 1186 to 1208. In 1217 there was a culminate point in history of Riazan when during the civil war inside the Duchy six leaders of the state were killed by Gleb Vladimirovich who later defected to Cumans
. Sometime around that time the Duchy came under a great influence from the Vladimir-Suzdal which was a factor in the fight of Riazan to resume its sovereignty. In 1217 Gleb Vladimirovich with the support of Cumans
tried to take Riazan back out of the influence of neighboring northern principality of Vladimir, but he was defeated by another Riazan prince Ingvar Igorevich who in turn became a sole ruler of the state.
In December of 1237 the Duchy became the first out of all other former states of Kyivan Rus that suffered from the Mongol invasion. The Duchy was completely overrun with almost the whole prince family killed and the capital completely destroyed and later moved to another location. In 1238 some of the armed forces of Riazan withdrew to unite with the Vladimir-Suzdal army and meeting the forces of Batu Khan
near Kolomna
.
took Ryazan due the Boyar
s' betrayal and confined Prince Konstantin to prison. In 1305 Daniel's son Prince Yury of Moscow
was ordered to kill him. The two next successors of Konstantin were killed in the Golden Horde
. In 1380 Prince Oleg Ivanovich, as an ally of Mamai
, took part in the Battle of Kulikovo
.
During almost all the its history, Ryazan Principality was in conflict with its provincial Pronsk
Principality until the latter was completely annexed to Ryazan in 1483 during the regency of Anna of Ryazan
.
was captured and imprisoned in Moscow
the last Grand Prince of Ryazan because of his relations with the Crimean Khan
Mehmed I Giray
. In 1521 Prince Ivan Ivanovich
fled into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
. After that, in 1521 the Ryazan Principality was merged with the Muscovy.
Ryazan
Ryazan is a city and the administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Oka River southeast of Moscow. Population: The strategic bomber base Dyagilevo is just west of the city, and the air base of Alexandrovo is to the southeast as is the Ryazan Turlatovo Airport...
existed from 1078 when it was separated from the Chernigov Principality as the provincial Murom Principality.
Prior to the invasion of Batu Khan
Sometime between 1097 to 1155 the principality became a sovereign state and until 1161, according to the Hypatian CodexHypatian Codex
The Hypatian Codex is a compendium of three chronicles: the Primary Chronicle, Kiev Chronicle, and Galician-Volhynian Chronicle. It is the most important source of historical data for southern Rus'...
, the official name was the Muromo-Ryazan Principality. The first ruler of Ryazan was supposedly Yaroslav Sviatoslavich, Prince of Chernigov (a city of Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus'
Kievan Rus was a medieval polity in Eastern Europe, from the late 9th to the mid 13th century, when it disintegrated under the pressure of the Mongol invasion of 1237–1240....
), later Prince of Murom-Ryzan. The capital of the Grand Duchy became Ryazan, however the present-day city of Ryazan
Ryazan
Ryazan is a city and the administrative center of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. It is located on the Oka River southeast of Moscow. Population: The strategic bomber base Dyagilevo is just west of the city, and the air base of Alexandrovo is to the southeast as is the Ryazan Turlatovo Airport...
is located 40 miles north from the original site of the capital today known as Ryazan Staraya (Old Ryazan). By the end of 12th century the Principality waged wars with the neighboring Grand Duchy of Vladimir-Suzdal. In a course of that stand-off the city of Riazan was burned twice in a span of twenty years from 1186 to 1208. In 1217 there was a culminate point in history of Riazan when during the civil war inside the Duchy six leaders of the state were killed by Gleb Vladimirovich who later defected to Cumans
Cumans
The Cumans were Turkic nomadic people comprising the western branch of the Cuman-Kipchak confederation. After Mongol invasion , they decided to seek asylum in Hungary, and subsequently to Bulgaria...
. Sometime around that time the Duchy came under a great influence from the Vladimir-Suzdal which was a factor in the fight of Riazan to resume its sovereignty. In 1217 Gleb Vladimirovich with the support of Cumans
Cumans
The Cumans were Turkic nomadic people comprising the western branch of the Cuman-Kipchak confederation. After Mongol invasion , they decided to seek asylum in Hungary, and subsequently to Bulgaria...
tried to take Riazan back out of the influence of neighboring northern principality of Vladimir, but he was defeated by another Riazan prince Ingvar Igorevich who in turn became a sole ruler of the state.
In December of 1237 the Duchy became the first out of all other former states of Kyivan Rus that suffered from the Mongol invasion. The Duchy was completely overrun with almost the whole prince family killed and the capital completely destroyed and later moved to another location. In 1238 some of the armed forces of Riazan withdrew to unite with the Vladimir-Suzdal army and meeting the forces of Batu Khan
Batu Khan
Batu Khan was a Mongol ruler and founder of the Ulus of Jochi , the sub-khanate of the Mongol Empire. Batu was a son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan. His ulus was the chief state of the Golden Horde , which ruled Rus and the Caucasus for around 250 years, after also destroying the armies...
near Kolomna
Kolomna
Kolomna is an ancient city and the administrative center of Kolomensky District of Moscow Oblast, Russia, situated at the confluence of the Moskva and Oka Rivers, southeast of Moscow. The area of the city is about . The city was founded in 1177...
.
Golden Horde period
In 1301 Prince Daniel of MoscowDaniel of Moscow
Daniil Aleksandrovich was the youngest son of Alexander Nevsky and forefather of all the Grand Princes of Moscow....
took Ryazan due the Boyar
Boyar
A boyar, or bolyar , was a member of the highest rank of the feudal Moscovian, Kievan Rus'ian, Bulgarian, Wallachian, and Moldavian aristocracies, second only to the ruling princes , from the 10th century through the 17th century....
s' betrayal and confined Prince Konstantin to prison. In 1305 Daniel's son Prince Yury of Moscow
Yury of Moscow
Yuriy Danilovich, also known as Georgiy Danilovich was Prince of Moscow and Grand Prince of Vladimir ....
was ordered to kill him. The two next successors of Konstantin were killed in the Golden Horde
Golden Horde
The Golden Horde was a Mongol and later Turkicized khanate that formed the north-western sector of the Mongol Empire...
. In 1380 Prince Oleg Ivanovich, as an ally of Mamai
Mamai
Mamai of Borjigin kin, was a powerful military commander of the Blue Horde in the 1370s which is now the Southern Ukrainian Steppes and the Crimean Peninsula....
, took part in the Battle of Kulikovo
Battle of Kulikovo
The Battle of Kulikovo was a battle between Tatar Mamai and Muscovy Dmitriy and portrayed by Russian historiography as a stand-off between Russians and the Golden Horde. However, the political situation at the time was much more complicated and concerned the politics of the Northeastern Rus'...
.
During almost all the its history, Ryazan Principality was in conflict with its provincial Pronsk
Pronsk
Pronsk is an urban locality and the administrative center of Pronsky District of Ryazan Oblast, Russia. Population: Pronsk was first attested in chronicles in 1186...
Principality until the latter was completely annexed to Ryazan in 1483 during the regency of Anna of Ryazan
Anna of Ryazan
Grand Princess Anna Vasilievna of Ryazan was a Russian noblewoman, the only daughter of Grand Prince Vasily II of Moscow and the mother and grandmother of last Grand Princes of Ryazan Principality...
.
Annexation of Ryazan
In 1520 Grand Prince Vasili III of RussiaVasili III of Russia
Vasili III Ivanovich was the Grand Prince of Moscow from 1505 to 1533. He was the son of Ivan III Vasiliyevich and Sophia Paleologue and was christened with the name Gavriil...
was captured and imprisoned in Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
the last Grand Prince of Ryazan because of his relations with the Crimean Khan
Crimean Khanate
Crimean Khanate, or Khanate of Crimea , was a state ruled by Crimean Tatars from 1441 to 1783. Its native name was . Its khans were the patrilineal descendants of Toqa Temür, the thirteenth son of Jochi and grandson of Genghis Khan...
Mehmed I Giray
Mehmed I Giray
Mehmed I Giray known as Great — a khan of the Crimean Khanate in 1515 –1523.Son of Meñli I Giray, inherited power after his father's death. In 1520 signed a temporary alliance with king of Poland and Grand Duke of Lithuania, Zygmunt I Stary, against Muscovy. In 1521 he took Kazan, where he...
. In 1521 Prince Ivan Ivanovich
Ivan V of Ryazan
Grand Prince Ivan V of Ryazan was the last nominally independent ruler of Ryazan Principality.Ivan of Ryazan was the only son of Prince Ivan Vasilievich and his wife, Agrippina Ivanovna...
fled into the Grand Duchy of Lithuania
Grand Duchy of Lithuania
The Grand Duchy of Lithuania was a European state from the 12th /13th century until 1569 and then as a constituent part of Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth until 1791 when Constitution of May 3, 1791 abolished it in favor of unitary state. It was founded by the Lithuanians, one of the polytheistic...
. After that, in 1521 the Ryazan Principality was merged with the Muscovy.
List of Princes of Ryazan
- 1097–1129 Yaroslav Sviatoslavich
- 1129–1143 Sviatoslav Yaroslavich (d. 1145)
- 1143–1145 Rostislav Yaroslavich (d. 1155)
- 1145–1178 Gleb Rostislavich (d. 1178)
- 1178–1207 Roman Glebovich (d. ca. 1210)
- 1213–1217 Roman Igorevich (d. 1217)
- 1217–1235 Ingvar Igorevich (d. 1235)
- 1235–1237 Yury Igorevich (d. 1237)
- 1237–1252 Ingvar Ingvarevich (d. 1252)
- 1252–1258 Oleg Ingvarevich the Red (1230–1258)
- 1258–1270 Roman Olegovich (d. 1270), the Saint
- 1270–1294 Fyodor Romanovich (d. 1294)
- 1294–1299 Yaroslav Romanovich (d. 1299)
- 1299–1301 Konstantin Romanovich (d. 1305)
- 1301–1308 Vasily KonstantinovichVasily KonstantinovichVasily Konstantinovich was the Prince of Ryazan in 1301–1308, son of Konstantin Romanovich.The only recorded mentioning of Vasily Konstantinovich dates back to 1308, when he was killed by the Mongols for reasons unknown during his visit to the Golden Horde...
(d. 1308) - 1308–1327 Ivan Yaroslavich (d. 1327)
- 1327–1342 Ivan Ivanovich Korotopol (d. 1343)
- 1342–1344 Yaroslav Aleksandrovich (d. 1344)
- 1344–1350 Vasily Aleksandrovich (d. 1350)
- 1350–1402 Oleg Ivanovich (d. 1402)
- 1402–1427 Fyodor Olegovich (d. 1427)
- 1427–1456 Ivan Fyodorovich (d. 1456)
- 1456–1483 Vasily Ivanovich Tretnoy (d. 1483)
- 1483–1500 Ivan Vasilievich (d. 1500)
- 1500–1521 Ivan IvanovichIvan V of RyazanGrand Prince Ivan V of Ryazan was the last nominally independent ruler of Ryazan Principality.Ivan of Ryazan was the only son of Prince Ivan Vasilievich and his wife, Agrippina Ivanovna...
(1496–1534)
