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STAR (software)
Encyclopedia
STAR Reading, STAR Early Literacy and STAR Math are standardized
, computer-adaptive
assessments created by Renaissance Learning
, Inc., for use in K-12 education. Each is a "Tier 2" assessment of a skill (reading practice, math practice, and early literacy, respectively) that can be used any number of times due to item-bank
technology. These assessments fall somewhere between progress monitoring tools ("Tier 1") and high-stakes tests.
) or the Supplementary Tests of Achievement in Reading published by the New Zealand Council for Educational Research, but these are not the same assessments.
s.
Each assessment is standardized and highly correlated to other assessments. Thus, the results predict achievement on other standardized tests. For more on the reliability and validity of these assessments, see below.
All STAR products were available as stand-alone and network software, but now the company strongly advertises the web-based Renaissance Place version.
A number of other studies have demonstrated the reliability and validity of STAR Reading, STAR Math, and STAR Early Literacy. Additionally, a number of studies have demonstrated the correlation between STAR assessments and other tests of similar skills. As with any assessment or test, however, student scores will vary each time the assessment or test is administered. This concept is called the statistical error
of a measurement.
External agencies, like the National Center on Student Progress Monitoring (NCSPM), have assessed the STAR products and found them to be technically sound. Additionally, the Southwest Educational Development Laboratory (SEDL) has categorized STAR Reading and STAR Early Literacy as criterion-referenced and norm-referenced assessments. In this latter case, the STAR Early Literacy package is said to evaluate eight cognitive elements.
STAR Early Literacy was mentioned in the 2006 Readers' Choice Awards: Best Reading Software, a survey by eSchool News.http://www.eschoolnews.com/resources/surveys/editorial/rca/eSNOct06RCA.pdf
.
The Illinois State Board of Education
(ISBE) stated in a Summer 2005 letter that it no longer accepts STAR Reading scores for measuring reading "performance progress" for the Reading Improvement Block Grant. However, STAR reading may still be used for instructional decision making. Since the ISBE issued this letter, the SEDL has updated its database, and has re-categorized STAR Reading as an assessment of reading comprehension.
Standardization
Standardization is the process of developing and implementing technical standards.The goals of standardization can be to help with independence of single suppliers , compatibility, interoperability, safety, repeatability, or quality....
, computer-adaptive
Computer-adaptive test
Computerized adaptive testing is a form of computer-based test that adapts to the examinee's ability level. For this reason, it has also been called tailored testing.-How CAT works:...
assessments created by Renaissance Learning
Renaissance Learning
Renaissance Learning Inc. is an educational software and hardware company, publicly traded on the NASDAQ exchange under the ticker symbol RLRN. It is headquartered in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, USA, with offices in Canada, and the United Kingdom...
, Inc., for use in K-12 education. Each is a "Tier 2" assessment of a skill (reading practice, math practice, and early literacy, respectively) that can be used any number of times due to item-bank
Item response theory
In psychometrics, item response theory also known as latent trait theory, strong true score theory, or modern mental test theory, is a paradigm for the design, analysis, and scoring of tests, questionnaires, and similar instruments measuring abilities, attitudes, or other variables. It is based...
technology. These assessments fall somewhere between progress monitoring tools ("Tier 1") and high-stakes tests.
Original meaning
STAR, as an acronym, used to mean "Standardized Test for the Assessment of Reading." This meaning is no longer maintained, as the company has created STAR assessments for skills in domains other than reading. STAR Reading, the first STAR assessment, was originally just "STAR." Since the creation of STAR Math, the original STAR has been renamed to STAR Reading. Confusion may also arise with California's STAR (Standardized Testing and ReportingStandardized Testing and Reporting
The Standardized Testing and Reporting Program measures performance on the California Achievement Test, Sixth Edition Survey , the California Content Standards Test and the Spanish Assessment of Basic Education . The STAR Program is the cornerstone of the California Public Schools Accountability...
) or the Supplementary Tests of Achievement in Reading published by the New Zealand Council for Educational Research, but these are not the same assessments.
Purpose
The purpose of the STAR assessments is to provide information to teachers about student growth and achievement in grades 1-12. Students take the assessment and it is scored automatically by the software. Teachers and administrators are able to view and print a number of reports at the individual, classroom, and grade level in order to monitor progress. Teachers can then tailor instruction to individuals and to high-stakes testing requirements.STAR assessments
Each assessment provides estimates of students' skills and comparisons of students' abilities to national norms. Each is intended to aid with developing curriculum and instruction by providing feedback about student, classroom, and grade level progress. The software reports grade equivalents, percentile ranks, and normal curve equivalentNormal curve equivalent
In educational statistics, a normal curve equivalent , developed for the United States Department of Education by the RMC Research Corporation,NCE stands for Normal Curve Equivalent and was developed [for] the [US] Department of Education. is a way of standardizing scores received on a test. It is...
s.
Each assessment is standardized and highly correlated to other assessments. Thus, the results predict achievement on other standardized tests. For more on the reliability and validity of these assessments, see below.
All STAR products were available as stand-alone and network software, but now the company strongly advertises the web-based Renaissance Place version.
STAR Reading
The purpose of STAR Reading is to assess student reading skills. The assessment provides an approximate measure of each students' reading level. The company claims that students can complete the assessment in less than 10 minutes.STAR Early Literacy
The purpose of STAR Early Literacy is to assess students' early literacy skills in preparation for reading. SEL identifies student reading levels (e.g. Emergent Reader) and provides student performance results for pre-K through third grade students. The company claims that students can complete the assessment in less than 10 minutes.STAR Math
The purpose of STAR Math is to assess student mathematics skills. The assessment provides an approximate measure of each students' math level. The company claims that students can complete the assessment in less than 12 minutes.Reliability and validity
The reliability of an assessment is the extent to which scores from the assessment will remain the same between two administrations within a short period. The validity of an assessment is the extent to which the assessment measures what it claims to measure.A rapid star tracking algorithm
. In order to speed up the tracking, three techniques includng parallel star centroiding, sorting, and star catalogue partition are designed for three time-consuming portions in tracking algorithms.A number of other studies have demonstrated the reliability and validity of STAR Reading, STAR Math, and STAR Early Literacy. Additionally, a number of studies have demonstrated the correlation between STAR assessments and other tests of similar skills. As with any assessment or test, however, student scores will vary each time the assessment or test is administered. This concept is called the statistical error
Error
The word error entails different meanings and usages relative to how it is conceptually applied. The concrete meaning of the Latin word "error" is "wandering" or "straying". Unlike an illusion, an error or a mistake can sometimes be dispelled through knowledge...
of a measurement.
External agencies, like the National Center on Student Progress Monitoring (NCSPM), have assessed the STAR products and found them to be technically sound. Additionally, the Southwest Educational Development Laboratory (SEDL) has categorized STAR Reading and STAR Early Literacy as criterion-referenced and norm-referenced assessments. In this latter case, the STAR Early Literacy package is said to evaluate eight cognitive elements.
STAR Early Literacy was mentioned in the 2006 Readers' Choice Awards: Best Reading Software, a survey by eSchool News.http://www.eschoolnews.com/resources/surveys/editorial/rca/eSNOct06RCA.pdf
Criticism
The STAR Math, STAR Reading, and STAR Early Literacy programs have been criticized for giving inconsistent results with the same student, causing students to mistakenly think their abilities in reading or math are at a level that differs from their actual abilities. As mentioned earlier, however, scores will vary from each testing due to statistical measurement errorErrors and residuals in statistics
In statistics and optimization, statistical errors and residuals are two closely related and easily confused measures of the deviation of a sample from its "theoretical value"...
.
The Illinois State Board of Education
Illinois State Board of Education
The Illinois State Board of Education administers public education in the state of Illinois. The State Board consists of nine members who are appointed by the Governor with the consent of the...
(ISBE) stated in a Summer 2005 letter that it no longer accepts STAR Reading scores for measuring reading "performance progress" for the Reading Improvement Block Grant. However, STAR reading may still be used for instructional decision making. Since the ISBE issued this letter, the SEDL has updated its database, and has re-categorized STAR Reading as an assessment of reading comprehension.
External links
- Renaissance Learning, Inc. - Also see the Wikipedia entryRenaissance LearningRenaissance Learning Inc. is an educational software and hardware company, publicly traded on the NASDAQ exchange under the ticker symbol RLRN. It is headquartered in Wisconsin Rapids, Wisconsin, USA, with offices in Canada, and the United Kingdom...
- STAR Reading Enterprise webpage
- STAR Math Enterprise webpage
- STAR Early Literacy webpage
- Research page - look up studies correlating STAR assessments to other tests.
- Literacy assessment webpage