Sabinov
Encyclopedia
Sabinov is a small town located in the Prešov Region
(north-eastern Slovakia
), approximately 20 km from Prešov
and 55 km from Košice
. The population of Sabinov is 12,378.
until German settlers came in the middle of the 13th century. In 1299 Sabinov received municipal privileges, and in 1405 it was declared a free royal town by king Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
. In the 15th century Sabinov joined the Pentapolitana
, an alliance of five towns of northeastern Kingdom of Hungary
(Bardejov
, Levoča
, Košice
, Prešov
and Sabinov). The 16th and 17th century was the era of Sabinov's development and economic growth followed by the years of recession. In 1740, an important secondary school was established by the Piarists. The history of Sabinov is very similar to the history of other towns in this region.
, 1168 Hungarians, 341 Germans
and 120 Romanians
. According to the 2001 census
, the town had 12,290 inhabitants. 90.62% of inhabitants were Slovaks
, 6.40% Roma, 0.48% Czechs
and 0.14% Rusyns
. The religious makeup was 70.48% Roman Catholics, 10.53% Greek Catholics
, 5.14% people with no religious affiliation and 4.16% Lutherans.
, which was shot in Sabinov during 1964, was awarded the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
(of 1965) in Hollywood in 1966. In 1967 the film's lead actress, Ida Kaminska
, was nominated for the Best Actress in a Leading Role
for her screen work in this motion picture. She and the lead actor, Jozef Kroner
, were also honored at the Cannes Film Festival
in France for their roles in the film.
Prešov Region
The Prešov Region is one of the eight Slovak administrative regions. It consists of 13 districts.-Geography:It is located in north-eastern Slovakia and has an area of 8,975 km². The region has diverse types of landscapes occurring in Slovakia, but mostly highlands and hilly lands dominate the...
(north-eastern Slovakia
Slovakia
The Slovak Republic is a landlocked state in Central Europe. It has a population of over five million and an area of about . Slovakia is bordered by the Czech Republic and Austria to the west, Poland to the north, Ukraine to the east and Hungary to the south...
), approximately 20 km from Prešov
Prešov
Prešov Historically, the city has been known in German as Eperies , Eperjes in Hungarian, Fragopolis in Latin, Preszów in Polish, Peryeshis in Romany, Пряшев in Russian and Пряшів in Rusyn and Ukrainian.-Characteristics:The city is a showcase of Baroque, Rococo and Gothic...
and 55 km from Košice
Košice
Košice is a city in eastern Slovakia. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary...
. The population of Sabinov is 12,378.
History
The first written record about Sabinov is from the year 1248. Sabinov was inhabited only by SlovaksSlovaks
The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...
until German settlers came in the middle of the 13th century. In 1299 Sabinov received municipal privileges, and in 1405 it was declared a free royal town by king Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Sigismund, Holy Roman Emperor
Sigismund of Luxemburg KG was King of Hungary, of Croatia from 1387 to 1437, of Bohemia from 1419, and Holy Roman Emperor for four years from 1433 until 1437, the last Emperor of the House of Luxemburg. He was also King of Italy from 1431, and of Germany from 1411...
. In the 15th century Sabinov joined the Pentapolitana
Pentapolitana
Pentapolitana was a league of towns of the five most important Hungarian royal free towns of present-day eastern Slovakia in the Middle Ages.The first meeting of the representatives of...
, an alliance of five towns of northeastern Kingdom of Hungary
Kingdom of Hungary
The Kingdom of Hungary comprised present-day Hungary, Slovakia and Croatia , Transylvania , Carpatho Ruthenia , Vojvodina , Burgenland , and other smaller territories surrounding present-day Hungary's borders...
(Bardejov
Bardejov
Bardejov is a town in North-Eastern Slovakia. It is situated in the Šariš region and has about 33,000 inhabitants. The spa town, mentioned for the first time in 1241, exhibits numerous cultural monuments in its completely intact medieval town center...
, Levoča
Levoca
Levoča is a town in the Spiš region of eastern Slovakia with a population of 14,600. The town has a historic center with a well preserved town wall, a Renaissance church with the highest wooden altar in Europe, carved by Master Paul of Levoča, and many other Renaissance buildings.On 28 June 2009,...
, Košice
Košice
Košice is a city in eastern Slovakia. It is situated on the river Hornád at the eastern reaches of the Slovak Ore Mountains, near the border with Hungary...
, Prešov
Prešov
Prešov Historically, the city has been known in German as Eperies , Eperjes in Hungarian, Fragopolis in Latin, Preszów in Polish, Peryeshis in Romany, Пряшев in Russian and Пряшів in Rusyn and Ukrainian.-Characteristics:The city is a showcase of Baroque, Rococo and Gothic...
and Sabinov). The 16th and 17th century was the era of Sabinov's development and economic growth followed by the years of recession. In 1740, an important secondary school was established by the Piarists. The history of Sabinov is very similar to the history of other towns in this region.
Demographics
According to the 1910 census the town had 3288 inhabitants, 1640 SlovaksSlovaks
The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...
, 1168 Hungarians, 341 Germans
Germans
The Germans are a Germanic ethnic group native to Central Europe. The English term Germans has referred to the German-speaking population of the Holy Roman Empire since the Late Middle Ages....
and 120 Romanians
Romanians
The Romanians are an ethnic group native to Romania, who speak Romanian; they are the majority inhabitants of Romania....
. According to the 2001 census
Census
A census is the procedure of systematically acquiring and recording information about the members of a given population. It is a regularly occurring and official count of a particular population. The term is used mostly in connection with national population and housing censuses; other common...
, the town had 12,290 inhabitants. 90.62% of inhabitants were Slovaks
Slovaks
The Slovaks, Slovak people, or Slovakians are a West Slavic people that primarily inhabit Slovakia and speak the Slovak language, which is closely related to the Czech language.Most Slovaks today live within the borders of the independent Slovakia...
, 6.40% Roma, 0.48% Czechs
Czech people
Czechs, or Czech people are a western Slavic people of Central Europe, living predominantly in the Czech Republic. Small populations of Czechs also live in Slovakia, Austria, the United States, the United Kingdom, Chile, Argentina, Canada, Germany, Russia and other countries...
and 0.14% Rusyns
Rusyns
Carpatho-Rusyns are a primarily diasporic ethnic group who speak an Eastern Slavic language, or Ukrainian dialect, known as Rusyn. Carpatho-Rusyns descend from a minority of Ruthenians who did not adopt the use of the ethnonym "Ukrainian" in the early twentieth century...
. The religious makeup was 70.48% Roman Catholics, 10.53% Greek Catholics
Greek Catholic Church
The Greek Catholic Church consists of the Eastern Catholic Churches which follow the Byzantine liturgical tradition and are thus in full communion with the Bishop of Rome, the Pope.-List of Greek Catholic Churches:...
, 5.14% people with no religious affiliation and 4.16% Lutherans.
The Shop on Main Street
The acclaimed Czechoslovak film, The Shop on Main StreetThe Shop on Main Street
The Shop on Main Street is a 1965 Czechoslovak film about the Aryanization programme during World War II in the Slovak State....
, which was shot in Sabinov during 1964, was awarded the Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film
The Academy Award for Best Foreign Language Film is one of the Academy Awards of Merit, popularly known as the Oscars, handed out annually by the U.S.-based Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences...
(of 1965) in Hollywood in 1966. In 1967 the film's lead actress, Ida Kaminska
Ida Kaminska
Ida Kaminska was a Polish actress.-Early life:Born in Odessa, Russia she was the daughter of Yiddish stage actress Esther Rachel Kamińska and actor, director and stage producer, Avram Izhak Kamiński . She reportedly married and divorced actor Marian Melman...
, was nominated for the Best Actress in a Leading Role
Academy Award for Best Actress
Performance by an Actress in a Leading Role is one of the Academy Awards of merit presented annually by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences to recognize an actress who has delivered an outstanding performance while working within the film industry...
for her screen work in this motion picture. She and the lead actor, Jozef Kroner
Jozef Kroner
Jozef Kroner was a Slovak actor. His brother Ľudovít Kroner, daughter Zuzana Kronerová, and wife Terézia Hurbanová-Kronerová were actors, too. He starred in the Oscar-winning film The Shop on Main Street, and in more than 50 other Slovak films, as well as in several Czech, Bulgarian and Hungarian...
, were also honored at the Cannes Film Festival
Cannes Film Festival
The Cannes International Film Festival , is an annual film festival held in Cannes, France, which previews new films of all genres including documentaries from around the world. Founded in 1946, it is among the world's most prestigious and publicized film festivals...
in France for their roles in the film.
Famous people
The most important people who lived in Sabinov are:- Pavol Peter GojdičPavol Peter GojdicPavol Gojdič, also known as Pavel Peter Gojdič or Peter Gojdič , was a Basilian monk and the bishop of the Greek Catholic Eparchy of Prešov martyred by the communist regime in Czechoslovakia....
(17. 7. 1888 - 17. 7. 1960), Greek Catholic bishop. Since 1917 worked in Sabinov as an assistant parish priest. In 1951 sentenced by the communists to serve a life sentence and died in 1960 in prison of Leopoldov of ill-treatment. In 2001 was beatified by Pope John-Paul II. - Bohuš Nosák-Nezabudov (3. 2. 1818 - 5. 4. 1877), poet, writer, journalist. Member of Ľudovít ŠtúrLudovít ŠtúrĽudovít Štúr , known in his era as Ludevít Velislav Štúr, was the leader of the Slovak national revival in the 19th century, the author of the Slovak language standard eventually leading to the contemporary Slovak literary language...
's group. Lived with his brother, who was a priest in Sabinov - Anton Prídavok (28. 5. 1904 - 12. 5. 1945), poet, writer, playwright, director
- Tivadar Csontváry KosztkaTivadar Csontváry KosztkaTivadar Kosztka Csontváry was a Hungarian painter. He was one of the first Hungarian painters to become well known in Europe.Csontváry was born on 5 July 1853 in Kisszeben, Sáros County, Kingdom of Hungary , and died 20 June 1919 in Budapest. His ancestors were Poles who settled down in Hungary...
(5 July, 1853 - 20 June, 1919), famous painter, who was born in Sabinov - Ede Bartsch (1796 - 1871), famous Hungarian doctor
- Károly Wagner (1732 - 1790), Hungarian historian, priest, teacher