Sabzevar
Encyclopedia
Sabzevar is a city in, and the capital of Sabzevar County
, in Razavi Khorasan Province
in northeastern Iran
. At the 2006 census, its population was 208,172, in 57,024 families.
It is approximately 220 kilometres west of Mashhad
, the provincial capital. In ancient times it was called Beihagh (Beyhaq).
Sabzevar is the commercial center for an agricultural region producting grapes and raisins. There is some small-scale industry, for food processing, cooperware and electric motors. Through the old bazaar of Sabzevar fresh, dried, and preserved fruits and vegetables are exported. Sabzevar is connected to Tehran
and Mashhad by road. Sabzevar Airport provides domestic flights.
from east, Esfarayen
from north, Shahrood
from west and Bardaskan
from south.
After the Mongol invasion of Iran, the city was the first part of Iran that moved towards its freedom, under the lead of the Sarbedaran movement.
In 14th century Timur
invaded Iran, and despite the brave defence of Sabzevar's population, he destroyed the city quite completely. Contemporary sources mentions 90,000 people having been murdered by Timur. After killing all men in the town, he cut their heads and made 3 pyramids of the heads, in what is now the modern Sarberiz (meaning "Place of heads") square.
Sabzevar Province had been lost by the Safavids
to the Uzbeks of Transoxiana
, but was regained following a Safavid counter-offensive around 1600, along with Herat
and Farah
.
) is the highest brick tower in the city. Mosques include the Masjed Jameh of Friday mosque, with its two tall minarets. They were both built during the Islamic age of Sabzevar.
(IAUS), founded in 1985 in response to increasing demands for a higher education center in the region; expansion and development have always continued within the university. Currently there are about 6,500 students studying in three campuses. The major new campus is being constructed on a 28 hectare site. In addition to these campuses there is a hall of residence accommodating 600 students.
Sabzevar has also another university located in the north part of the city: "Teacher Training University Of Sabzevar".
The university offers the following courses and degrees:
Sabzevar County
Sabzevar County is a county in Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran. The capital of the county is Sabzevar. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 429,187, in 116,891 families; excluding those portions, the population was 296,034 in 82,431 families...
, in Razavi Khorasan Province
Razavi Khorasan Province
Razavi Khorasan Province is a province located in northeastern Iran. Mashhad is the centre and capital of the province.Other cities and townships are Ghouchan, Dargaz, Chenaran, Sarakhs, Fariman, Torbat-e Heydarieh, Torbat-e Jam, Taybad, Khaf, Roshtkhar, Kashmar, Bardaskan, Nishapur, Sabzevar,...
in northeastern Iran
Iran
Iran , officially the Islamic Republic of Iran , is a country in Southern and Western Asia. The name "Iran" has been in use natively since the Sassanian era and came into use internationally in 1935, before which the country was known to the Western world as Persia...
. At the 2006 census, its population was 208,172, in 57,024 families.
It is approximately 220 kilometres west of Mashhad
Mashhad
Mashhad , is the second largest city in Iran and one of the holiest cities in the Shia Muslim world. It is also the only major Iranian city with an Arabic name. It is located east of Tehran, at the center of the Razavi Khorasan Province close to the borders of Afghanistan and Turkmenistan. Its...
, the provincial capital. In ancient times it was called Beihagh (Beyhaq).
Sabzevar is the commercial center for an agricultural region producting grapes and raisins. There is some small-scale industry, for food processing, cooperware and electric motors. Through the old bazaar of Sabzevar fresh, dried, and preserved fruits and vegetables are exported. Sabzevar is connected to Tehran
Tehran
Tehran , sometimes spelled Teheran, is the capital of Iran and Tehran Province. With an estimated population of 8,429,807; it is also Iran's largest urban area and city, one of the largest cities in Western Asia, and is the world's 19th largest city.In the 20th century, Tehran was subject to...
and Mashhad by road. Sabzevar Airport provides domestic flights.
Geography
Sabzevar is located between NishapurNishapur
Nishapur or Nishabur , is a city in the Razavi Khorasan province in northeastern Iran, situated in a fertile plain at the foot of the Binalud Mountains, near the regional capital of Mashhad...
from east, Esfarayen
Esfarayen
Esfarayen is a city in and the capital of Esfarayen County, North Khorasan Province in Iran. At the 2006 census its population was 51,321, in 13,376 families.Esfarayen is one of the focal points for residence of Aryan tribes after entering into Iran....
from north, Shahrood
Shahrood
Shahrud Situated about an altitude of 4413 ft , it is located at latitude 36°25'N, longitude 055°01'E. Now, it is the largest city of Semnan Province and also its county has same position in the province...
from west and Bardaskan
Bardaskan
Bardaskan is a county in Razavi Khorasan Province in Iran. The capital of the province is Mashhad. Bardaskan in sundry times called Baradaskan باردسکن or Berdaskan برداسکن, The history of Bardaskan goes to 14 century AD. At the 2006 census, the county's population was 68,392, in 18,229 families...
from south.
History
The history of Sabzevar goes back to the 1st millennium BC. Ancient remains include fire-temple 'Azarbarzin' which is still visible.After the Mongol invasion of Iran, the city was the first part of Iran that moved towards its freedom, under the lead of the Sarbedaran movement.
In 14th century Timur
Timur
Timur , historically known as Tamerlane in English , was a 14th-century conqueror of West, South and Central Asia, and the founder of the Timurid dynasty in Central Asia, and great-great-grandfather of Babur, the founder of the Mughal Dynasty, which survived as the Mughal Empire in India until...
invaded Iran, and despite the brave defence of Sabzevar's population, he destroyed the city quite completely. Contemporary sources mentions 90,000 people having been murdered by Timur. After killing all men in the town, he cut their heads and made 3 pyramids of the heads, in what is now the modern Sarberiz (meaning "Place of heads") square.
Sabzevar Province had been lost by the Safavids
Safavid dynasty
The Safavid dynasty was one of the most significant ruling dynasties of Iran. They ruled one of the greatest Persian empires since the Muslim conquest of Persia and established the Twelver school of Shi'a Islam as the official religion of their empire, marking one of the most important turning...
to the Uzbeks of Transoxiana
Transoxiana
Transoxiana is the ancient name used for the portion of Central Asia corresponding approximately with modern-day Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, southern Kyrgystan and southwest Kazakhstan. Geographically, it is the region between the Amu Darya and Syr Darya rivers...
, but was regained following a Safavid counter-offensive around 1600, along with Herat
Herat
Herāt is the capital of Herat province in Afghanistan. It is the third largest city of Afghanistan, with a population of about 397,456 as of 2006. It is situated in the valley of the Hari River, which flows from the mountains of central Afghanistan to the Karakum Desert in Turkmenistan...
and Farah
Farah, Afghanistan
Farah is a city in western Afghanistan, situated at 650 m altitude, and located on the Farah River. It is the capital of Farah Province, and has a population of approximately 109,409....
.
Main sights
Mil-e Khosrow Gerd (meaning "The brick tower of king KhosrauKhosrau
Khusro, Khosrau, Khusrau, Khosro, or Khusraw is the name of a mythical Persian leader, in the Avesta of the Zoroastrians known as Kavi Haosravah, with the meaning "with good reputation"...
) is the highest brick tower in the city. Mosques include the Masjed Jameh of Friday mosque, with its two tall minarets. They were both built during the Islamic age of Sabzevar.
Education
The city is home to the Islamic Azad University of SabzevarIslamic Azad University of Sabzevar
The Islamic Azad University of Sabzevar was founded in 1985 in Sabzevar, the second largest city in the Khorasan province in the north east of Iran. Located at the center of a largely agricultural region, Sabzevar has a population of around two hundred thousands, mainly engaged in commerce and...
(IAUS), founded in 1985 in response to increasing demands for a higher education center in the region; expansion and development have always continued within the university. Currently there are about 6,500 students studying in three campuses. The major new campus is being constructed on a 28 hectare site. In addition to these campuses there is a hall of residence accommodating 600 students.
Sabzevar has also another university located in the north part of the city: "Teacher Training University Of Sabzevar".
The university offers the following courses and degrees:
- Food science and technology (B.Sc. ,M.Sc, Ph.D..)
- Persian Literature (B.A. , M.A, PhD..)
- Islamic philosophy (M.A)
- Islamic jurisprudence (B.A)
- Accounting (B.A.)
- Electronics (B.Sc.)
- Nursing (B.Nurs.)
- Education (B.A.)
- Public health (HND.)
- Computer science (HND, B.SC.)
- Economics (B.SC.)
- Educational management (B.SC.)
- Carpet design and production (HND)
Notable people
- Fereidoun Farrahi
- Mulla Hadi SabzevariMulla Hadi SabzevariMolla Hadi Sabzavari or Hajj Molla Hadi Sabzavari was a famous Iranian Shi'ite Muslim philosopher, mystic, theologian and poet.-Life:...
- Ali ShariatiAli ShariatiAli Shariati was an Iranian revolutionary and sociologist, who focused on the sociology of religion. He is held as one of the most influential Iranian intellectuals of the 20th century and has been called the 'ideologue of the Iranian Revolution'.-Biography:Ali....
- Abul-Fazl Bayhaqi
- Ibne Faryoomadi
- Mohammad Taqi Shariati
- Ahmad Siadati
- Gholam Ali Beski
- mash ghanbar
- Ali DivandariAli DivandariAli Divandari is an Iranian Cartoonist, Painter, Graphic Designer, Sculptor and Journalist.- Biography :Divandari studied Graphics at the Faculty of Fine Arts in Tehran University. He began his career as Graphic Designer and Cartoonist in 1975. In 1997, He directed a new International Cartoon...