The Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri in Kansas and Nebraska is one of three federally recognized Native American

Native Americans in the United States

Native Americans in the United States are the indigenous peoples in North America within the boundaries of the present-day continental United States, parts of Alaska, and the island state of Hawaii. They are composed of numerous, distinct tribes, states, and ethnic groups, many of which survive as...

 tribe of Sac and Meskwaki (Fox)

Meskwaki

The Meskwaki are a Native American people often known to outsiders as the Fox tribe. They have often been closely linked to the Sauk people. In their own language, the Meskwaki call themselves Meshkwahkihaki, which means "the Red-Earths." Historically their homelands were in the Great Lakes region...

 peoples. Their name for themselves is Nemahahaki and they are an Algonquian people and Eastern Woodland culture.

Government and economic development

The Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri is headquartered in Reserve, Kansas

Reserve, Kansas

Reserve is a city in Brown County, Kansas, United States. The population was 100 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Reserve is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land....

. Their tribal chairman is Michael Dougherty, and their acting environmental director is Rick Campbell.

The Sac and Fox Casino, the Boat Bar, the Chop House steak restaurant, the Deli and the Lodge buffet are all owned by the tribe and located in Powhattan, Kansas

Powhattan, Kansas

Powhattan is a city in Brown County, Kansas, United States. The population was 91 at the 2000 census. The city was named for the father of Pocahontas and was originally a stagecoach station named Locknane.-Geography:...

.

Museum

The tribe operates the Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri Tribal Museum, located in Reserve, Kansas

Reserve, Kansas

Reserve is a city in Brown County, Kansas, United States. The population was 100 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Reserve is located at . According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of , all of it land....

. Founded in 1996, the museum exhibits tribal regalia and serves as a research center.

History

Original two distinct tribes, the Sac and Fox joined forces during the 18th century to resist attacks by the French. The Sac traditionally referred to themselves as "People of the Yellow Earth," while the Foxes called themselves "Red Earth People."

In 1804 the tribes ceded their traditional homelands to the United States. The Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri was established by a 1815 treaty, and they relocated from Iowa

Iowa

Iowa is a state located in the Midwestern United States, an area often referred to as the "American Heartland". It derives its name from the Ioway people, one of the many American Indian tribes that occupied the state at the time of European exploration. Iowa was a part of the French colony of New...

 and Illinois

Illinois

Illinois is the fifth-most populous state of the United States of America, and is often noted for being a microcosm of the entire country. With Chicago in the northeast, small industrial cities and great agricultural productivity in central and northern Illinois, and natural resources like coal,...

 to northeastern Missouri

Missouri

Missouri is a US state located in the Midwestern United States, bordered by Iowa, Illinois, Kentucky, Tennessee, Arkansas, Oklahoma, Kansas and Nebraska. With a 2010 population of 5,988,927, Missouri is the 18th most populous state in the nation and the fifth most populous in the Midwest. It...

. In 1824, they moved again to the Platte Valley. Sac leader, Black Hawk

Black Hawk (chief)

Black Hawk was a leader and warrior of the Sauk American Indian tribe in what is now the United States. Although he had inherited an important historic medicine bundle, he was not one of the Sauk's hereditary civil chiefs...

 led his people in a war against the United States in 1832. A 1837 treaty relocated the tribe to the Great Nemaha Reservation in Doniphan

Doniphan County, Kansas

Doniphan County is a county located in Northeast Kansas, in the Central United States. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 7,945. Its county seat is Troy and its most populous city is Wathena. The county along with Buchanan, Andrew, and DeKalb counties in Missouri is included in...

 and Brown

Brown County, Kansas

Brown County is a county located in Northeast Kansas, in the Central United States. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 9,984. Its county seat and most populous city is Hiawatha...

 counties in Kansas

Kansas

Kansas is a US state located in the Midwestern United States. It is named after the Kansas River which flows through it, which in turn was named after the Kansa Native American tribe, which inhabited the area. The tribe's name is often said to mean "people of the wind" or "people of the south...

. After several treaties ceded more land, the Dawes Act

Dawes Act

The Dawes Act, adopted by Congress in 1887, authorized the President of the United States to survey Indian tribal land and divide the land into allotments for individual Indians. The Act was named for its sponsor, Senator Henry L. Dawes of Massachusetts. The Dawes Act was amended in 1891 and again...

 broke tribal lands into individual allotments.

In the 1880s, 360 members lived on the Sac and Fox Reservation

Sac and Fox Reservation

The Sac and Fox Reservation of the Sac and Fox is a 23.639 sq mi tract located in southeastern Richardson County, Nebraska, and northeastern Brown County, Kansas. It was created as a consequence of the Platte Purchase of 1836....

, consisting of a 61.226 km² (23.639 sq mi) tract in southeastern Richardson County, Nebraska

Richardson County, Nebraska

-Demographics:As of the census of 2000, there were 9,531 people, 3,993 households, and 2,567 families residing in the county. The population density was 17 people per square mile . There were 4,560 housing units at an average density of 8 per square mile...

 and northeastern Brown County, Kansas

Brown County, Kansas

Brown County is a county located in Northeast Kansas, in the Central United States. As of the 2010 census, the county population was 9,984. Its county seat and most populous city is Hiawatha...

, near Falls City, Nebraska

Falls City, Nebraska

Falls City is a city in Richardson County, Nebraska, United States. The population was 4,671 at the 2000 census. It is the county seat of Richardson County.-Geography:Falls City is located at ....

.

The tribe organized in 1934 under the Indian Reorganization Act

Indian Reorganization Act

The Indian Reorganization Act of June 18, 1934 the Indian New Deal, was U.S. federal legislation that secured certain rights to Native Americans, including Alaska Natives...

. The reservation had a resident population of 217 persons at the 2000 census.

See also

• Sac and Fox Nation
  Sac and Fox Nation
  The Sac and Fox Nation is the largest of three federally recognized tribes of Sac and Meskwaki Native Americans. They are located in Oklahoma and are predominantly Sac....
  
  , Oklahoma
• Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa
  Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa
  The Sac and Fox Tribe of the Mississippi in Iowa is one of three federally recognized Native American tribe of Sac and Meskwaki peoples. Their name for themselves is Meshwaki. They are Algonquian peoples and Eastern Woodland culture....
  
  

External links

• Sac and Fox Nation of Missouri, history, official website