Salve, Oh Patria
Encyclopedia
"¡Salve, Oh Patria!" is the national anthem
of Ecuador
. The lyrics were written in 1865 by the poet Juan León Mera
, under request of the Ecuadorian Senate; the music was composed by Antonio Neumane. However, the anthem was not officially adopted by the Congress until September 29, 1948..
The anthem consists of a chorus and six verses, of which only the second verse and the chorus (before and after the verse) are sung.
wrote a national anthem (chorus and four verses) as an homage to the infant Ecuadorian state. This composition, suggested by General Juan José Flores
, was not set to music and did not gain popularity. In 1833, a hymn entitled Canción Ecuatoriana (Ecuadorian Song), of six verses, was published in the Gaceta del Gobierno del Ecuador No. 125 of December 28. A composition date of 1830 was given, but most historians do not consider this definitive, because it was by an anonymous author. In 1838, a Canción Nacional (National Song), of a chorus and six verses, apppeared included in the pamphlet Poesías by General Flores, which was published by the Government Press. In a later editions, there were changes to the third verse. Even so, for historians, it is the second Canción Nacional that is known.
In 1865, the Argentine musician Juan José Allende, in collaboration with the Ecuadorian Army
, preseented to the National Congress a musical project for the lyrics by José Joaquín de Olmedo
, but it was not well received. In November of this year, at the express request of the president of the Senate, Nicolás Espinosa, the Ambateño poet Juan León Mera Martínez, who was then the secretary of the Senate, wrote and submitted the lyrics of the National Anthem. These lyrics were then sent, with Congressional approval, to Guayaquil, so that Antonio Neumane would set them to music. This is the hymn that would later be officialized as the definitive national anthem.
On January 16, 1866, the complete version of the lyrics by Juan León Mera were published in the Quiteño weekly El Sud Americano. In 1870, the national anthem premiered in the Plaza Grande (Plaza de la Independencia facing the Palacio de Gobierno), performed by the 2nd Battalion and the Compañía Lírica de Pablo Ferreti, directed by Antonio Neumane. The music was in the key of C flat major. The current introduction of 16 measures was composed by Domingo Brescia and Enrique Marconi in 1901. Today, the hymn is performed in the key of E major from 2001 onward.
In 1913, the Guayaquileño writer and diplomat Víctor Manuel Rendón submitted a new hymn with lyrics adapted from the music of Antonio Neumane, but ultimately the Legislature rejected the proposal.
National anthem
A national anthem is a generally patriotic musical composition that evokes and eulogizes the history, traditions and struggles of its people, recognized either by a nation's government as the official national song, or by convention through use by the people.- History :Anthems rose to prominence...
of Ecuador
Ecuador
Ecuador , officially the Republic of Ecuador is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border...
. The lyrics were written in 1865 by the poet Juan León Mera
Juan León Mera
Juan León Mera Martínez was an Ecuadorian poet, novelist, journalist, critic, politician and satirist....
, under request of the Ecuadorian Senate; the music was composed by Antonio Neumane. However, the anthem was not officially adopted by the Congress until September 29, 1948..
The anthem consists of a chorus and six verses, of which only the second verse and the chorus (before and after the verse) are sung.
History
In 1830-1832, José Joaquín de OlmedoJosé Joaquín de Olmedo
José Joaquín de Olmedo y Maruri Patriot and poet, son of the Spanish Captain Don Miguel de Olmedo y Troyano and the Guayaquilean Ana Francisca de Maruri y Salavarría....
wrote a national anthem (chorus and four verses) as an homage to the infant Ecuadorian state. This composition, suggested by General Juan José Flores
Juan José Flores
Juan José Flores y Aramburu was a Venezuelan military general who became Supreme Chief, and later the first President of the new Republic of Ecuador. He later served two more terms from 1839 to 1843 and from 1843 to 1845, and is often referred to as "The founder of the Republic".-Biography:Flores...
, was not set to music and did not gain popularity. In 1833, a hymn entitled Canción Ecuatoriana (Ecuadorian Song), of six verses, was published in the Gaceta del Gobierno del Ecuador No. 125 of December 28. A composition date of 1830 was given, but most historians do not consider this definitive, because it was by an anonymous author. In 1838, a Canción Nacional (National Song), of a chorus and six verses, apppeared included in the pamphlet Poesías by General Flores, which was published by the Government Press. In a later editions, there were changes to the third verse. Even so, for historians, it is the second Canción Nacional that is known.
In 1865, the Argentine musician Juan José Allende, in collaboration with the Ecuadorian Army
Ecuadorian Army
The Ecuadorian Army is the land component of the Ecuadorian Armed Forces. Its 24,135 soldiers are sensibly deployed in relation to its military doctrine...
, preseented to the National Congress a musical project for the lyrics by José Joaquín de Olmedo
José Joaquín de Olmedo
José Joaquín de Olmedo y Maruri Patriot and poet, son of the Spanish Captain Don Miguel de Olmedo y Troyano and the Guayaquilean Ana Francisca de Maruri y Salavarría....
, but it was not well received. In November of this year, at the express request of the president of the Senate, Nicolás Espinosa, the Ambateño poet Juan León Mera Martínez, who was then the secretary of the Senate, wrote and submitted the lyrics of the National Anthem. These lyrics were then sent, with Congressional approval, to Guayaquil, so that Antonio Neumane would set them to music. This is the hymn that would later be officialized as the definitive national anthem.
On January 16, 1866, the complete version of the lyrics by Juan León Mera were published in the Quiteño weekly El Sud Americano. In 1870, the national anthem premiered in the Plaza Grande (Plaza de la Independencia facing the Palacio de Gobierno), performed by the 2nd Battalion and the Compañía Lírica de Pablo Ferreti, directed by Antonio Neumane. The music was in the key of C flat major. The current introduction of 16 measures was composed by Domingo Brescia and Enrique Marconi in 1901. Today, the hymn is performed in the key of E major from 2001 onward.
In 1913, the Guayaquileño writer and diplomat Víctor Manuel Rendón submitted a new hymn with lyrics adapted from the music of Antonio Neumane, but ultimately the Legislature rejected the proposal.
Spanish lyrics
- Coro
- ¡Salve, Oh Patria, mil veces! ¡Oh Patria,
- gloria a ti! ¡Gloria a ti!
- Ya tu pecho, tu pecho, rebosa
- Gozo y paz y a tu pecho rebosa;
- Y tu frente, tu frente radiosa
- Más que el sol contemplamos lucir,
- Y tu frente, tu frente radiosa
- Más que el sol contemplamos lucir.
- 2da Estrofa
- Los primeros los hijos del suelo
- Que soberbio, el Pichincha decora
- Te aclamaron por siempre señora
- Y vertieron su sangre por ti.
- Dios miró y aceptó el holocausto
- Y esa sangre fue germen fecundo
- De otros héroes que atónito el mundo
- Vio en tu torno a millares surgir.
- A millares surgir, a millares surgir.
- Coro
Spanish full lyrics
- Coro
- ¡Salve, Oh Patria, mil veces! ¡Oh Patria,
- gloria a ti! Y a tu pecho rebosa
- gozo y paz, y tu frente radiosa
- más que el sol contemplamos lucir.
- I
- Indignados tus hijos del yugo
- que te impuso la ibérica audacia,
- de la injusta y horrenda desgracia
- que pesaba fatal sobre ti,
- santa voz a los cielos alzaron,
- voz de noble y sin par juramento,
- de vengarte del monstruo sangriento,
- de romper ese yugo servil.
- II
- Los primeros los hijos del suelo
- que, soberbio, el Pichincha decora
- te aclamaron por siempre señora
- y vertieron su sangre por ti.
- Dios miró y aceptó el holocausto,
- y esa sangre fue germen fecundo
- de otros héroes que, atónito, el mundo
- vio en tu torno a millares surgir.
- III
- Cedió al fin la fiereza española,
- y hoy, oh Patria, tu libre existencia
- es la noble y magnífica herencia
- que nos dio el heroísmo feliz:
- de las manos paternas la hubimos,
- nadie intente arrancárnosla ahora,
- ni nuestra ira excitar vengadora
- quiera, necio o audaz, contra si.
- IV
- De esos héroes el brazo de hierro
- nada tuvo invencible la tierra
- y del valle a la altísima sierra
- se escuchaba el fragor de la lid;
- tras la lid la victoria volaba,
- libertad tras el triunfo venía,
- y al león destrozado se oía
- de impotencia y despecho rugir
- V
- Nadie, oh Patria, lo intente. Las sombras
- de tus héroes gloriosos nos miran
- y el valor y el orgullo que inspiran
- son augurios de triunfos por ti.
- Venga el hierro y el plomo fulmíneo,
- que a la idea de guerra y venganza
- se despierta la heroica pujanza
- que hizo al fiero español sucumbir.
- VI
- Y si nuevas cadenas prepara
- la injusticia de bárbara suerte,
- ¡gran Pichincha! prevén tú la muerte
- de la Patria y sus hijos al fin;
- hunde al punto en tus hondas entrañas
- cuando existe en tu tierra; el tirano
- huelle solo cenizas y en vano
- busque rastro de ser junto a ti.
English translation
- Chorus
- We greet you, Oh Fatherland, a thousand times!
- Oh Fatherland, Glory be to you! Glory be to you!
- Your breast, your breast, overflows,
- Your breast overflows with joy and peace;
- And your radiant face, your radiant face
- is brighter than the sun shining we see,
- And your radiant face, your radiant face
- is brighter than the sun shining we see.
- 2nd verse
- The worthy sons of the soil
- Which magnificently adorns PichinchaBattle of PichinchaThe Battle of Pichincha took place on 24 May 1822, on the slopes of the Pichincha volcano, 3,500 meters above sea-level, right next to the city of Quito, in modern Ecuador....
, - They always declared you as their sovereign lady
- And shed their blood for you.
- God observed and accepted that sacrifice,
- And this blood was the prolific seed
- Of other heroes who amazed the world,
- And in turn, of thousands arising around you.
- Thousands arising around you, thousands arising around you.
- Chorus
- III
- He yielded at last the fierce Spanish,
- And now, oh fatherland, your free existence
- The noble and magnificent heritage,
- That gave us the heroism happy:
- The father's hands we had,
- No one tries arrancárnosla now
- Excite our anger or vengeful
- Wish, foolish or bold, against itself.
- IV
- Of the heroes iron arm
- No land was invincible,
- And the high mountain valley
- You could hear the roar of the fray;
- After the lid flew to victory,
- Freedom after the victory came,
- And the lion was heard broken
- Roar of helplessness and despair
- V
- No one, oh Patria, try it. Shadows
- Your glorious heroes watch us,
- And the value and pride that inspire
- They are omens of wins for you.
- Come on fulmíneo iron and lead,
- That the idea of war and revenge
- Wakes the heroic strength
- He did succumb to the fierce Spanish.
- VI
- And if new chains prepared
- The barbaric injustice of fate,
- Pichincha great! you expect death
- Of the country and their children to the end;
- Sinks to the deep point in your gut
- When there in your land, the tyrant
- Trample only ashes and in vain
- Look for trace to be with you.