San Carlos volcanic field is a monogenetic

Monogenetic volcanic field

A monogenetic volcanic field is a volcanic field of small, scattered volcanic vents. These volcanic fields, containing numerous monogenetic volcanoes, are noted for having only one short eruptive event at each volcano, as opposed to regular volcanoes that have several eruptions from the same vent...

 volcanic field

Volcanic field

A volcanic field is an area of the Earth's crust that is prone to localized volcanic activity. They usually contain 10 to 100 volcanoes, such as cinder cones and are usually in clusters. Lava flows may also occur...

 in Arizona

Arizona

Arizona ; is a state located in the southwestern region of the United States. It is also part of the western United States and the mountain west. The capital and largest city is Phoenix...

, USA. The field lies within the San Carlos Apache Reservation about 40 km (24.9 mi) east of Globe, Arizona

Globe, Arizona

Globe has an arid climate, characterized by hot summers and moderate to warm winters. Globe's arid climate is somewhat tempered by its elevation, however, leading to slightly cooler temperatures and slightly more precipitation than Phoenix or Yuma....

. It is a small field covering approximately 50 km² or less of volcanic cone

Volcanic cone

Volcanic cones are among the simplest volcanic formations. They are built by ejecta from a volcanic vent, piling up around the vent in the shape of a cone with a central crater. Volcanic cones are of different types, depending upon the nature and size of the fragments ejected during the eruption...

s and lava

Lava

Lava refers both to molten rock expelled by a volcano during an eruption and the resulting rock after solidification and cooling. This molten rock is formed in the interior of some planets, including Earth, and some of their satellites. When first erupted from a volcanic vent, lava is a liquid at...

 flows. The basanite

Basanite

Basanite is an igneous, volcanic rock with aphanitic to porphyritic texture.The mineral assembly is usually abundant feldspathoids , plagioclase, and augite, together with olivine and lesser iron-titanium oxides such as ilmenite and magnetite-ulvospinel; minor alkali feldspar may be present, as...

 to hawaiite

Hawaiite

Hawaiite is an olivine basalt with intermediate composition between alkali olivine and mugearite. It was first described at the island of Hawaii. In gemology, hawaiite is a colloquial term for Hawaii-originated peridot,which is gem-quality olivine mineral....

 basaltic flows contain xenolith

Xenolith

A xenolith is a rock fragment which becomes enveloped in a larger rock during the latter's development and hardening. In geology, the term xenolith is almost exclusively used to describe inclusions in igneous rock during magma emplacement and eruption...

s of peridotite

Peridotite

A peridotite is a dense, coarse-grained igneous rock, consisting mostly of the minerals olivine and pyroxene. Peridotite is ultramafic, as the rock contains less than 45% silica. It is high in magnesium, reflecting the high proportions of magnesium-rich olivine, with appreciable iron...

. The Peridot Mesa

Peridot Mesa

The Peridot Mesa vent is a part of the San Carlos volcanic field located in San Carlos, Arizona, USA on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation. The mesa is about in diameter and is capped by a basalt flow 3 to 6 meters thick that originated from a volcanic cone located in the Southwest corner of...

 vent is noted for the occurrence of quantities of gem quality peridot

Peridot

-Chemistry:The chemical composition of peridot is 2SiO4, with Mg in greater quantities than Fe.-Etymology:The origin of the name "peridot" is uncertain...

 found within lherzolite

Lherzolite

Lherzolite is a type of ultramafic igneous rock. It is a coarse grained rock consisting of 40 to 90% olivine along with significant orthopyroxene and lesser calcic chromium rich clinopyroxene. Minor minerals include chromium and aluminium spinels and garnets. Plagioclase can occur in lherzolites...

 xenolith nodules.

Notable Vents

Name	Elevation	Coordinates	Last eruption
Aden Crater	-	-	-
Peridot Mesa Peridot Mesa The Peridot Mesa vent is a part of the San Carlos volcanic field located in San Carlos, Arizona, USA on the San Carlos Apache Indian Reservation. The mesa is about in diameter and is capped by a basalt flow 3 to 6 meters thick that originated from a volcanic cone located in the Southwest corner of...	-	33°20′02"N 110°29′08"W	-