Sanming
Encyclopedia
Sanming) is a prefecture-level city
in western Fujian
province, People's Republic of China
. It borders Nanping
City to the north, Fuzhou
City to the east, Quanzhou
City to the southeast, Longyan
City to the south, and the province of Jiangxi
to the west. Sanming lies between Wuyi
and Daiyun mountains.
, 8.3% of arable land
and 9.7% of water or other type of terrain.
Sanming is well known by its beautiful nature landscape with different landforms, including unique Danxia Landform
and abundant Karst topography
. The most famous spots include global geopark
Taining Golden Lake in Taining County
, Yuhua Cave in Jiangle County
and Goose Cave in Ninghua County
.
According to the 2010 Census
, Sanming has a population of 2,503,338, 70,687 inhabitants less than in 2000 Census (the average annual population growth for the period 2000-2010 was of -0.28%). The emigration of population from Sanming to other areas of Fujian is a constant process, even encouraged by government politics since the 60's.
of Sanming administers 2 districts, 1 county-level city
, 9 counties. The information here presented is in km² and using data from 2010 Census.
Da Jin Hu, which is the most famous tourist spot in Sanming, is also well known as Taining Gorden Lake Geopark
marked by UNESCO. The Geopark is famous for its unique Danxia Landform
. The lake situated inside Taining County at the south end of Wuyi Mountain is the major State-level place of scenic beauty with the length of 60-plus kilometres and water area of more than 50 thousand mu.The best tour season of Taining Jinhu Lake is from April to October each year.
Besides, there are quite a number of places of historic interest and scenic beauty which include the State-level Taining Jinhu Lake,Yong-an Taoyuan Cave--------Linying Stone Forest,and the provincial level Jiangle Yuhua Cave, Sha Xian Qixian Cave, Ninghua Tian-er Cave and Meilie Ruiyun Mountain in Sanming.The natural reserves in Jiangle Longxi mountain, Xingkou Geshikao, Shaxian Nanmu Forest and Yong-an Tianbao Rock have been well known for the rare animals. The ancient architectural structure in Taining, Shibi Village, the originating place of the Hakkas in Ninghua and the birthplace of Zhu Xi in Youxi have all been noticeable both in China and overseas.
Yong-an Taoyuan Cave,situated by Yanjiang River on the north of Yong-an City, is a major State-level place of scenic beauty with an area of 10 kilometres.
Linying Stone Forest,a marvellous spectacle located in Dahu Village 13 kilometres northwest of Yong-an City, is a State-level major place of scenic beauty with a total area of 1.21 square kilometres.
The architectural structure group built in the ancient Ming Dynasty situated at the center of the urban district of Taining County is a State-level cultural relics under protection, having a high value in studying the ancient Chinese architecture,especially that in the Ming Dynasty.
Sha County
snacks have a long history and are known to be living artifacts of the Han people's food culture.
Currently, 39 varieties of Sha County
snacks have been labeled as "Famous Chinese Snacks" and 63 kinds as "Famous Fujian Snacks." The China Cuisine Association awarded Sha County the title of "Snack Culture City“ in China on December 8, 2006.
The production process of Sha County
snacks was listed in Fujian intangible cultural heritage in 2007, and has been declared a national intangible cultural heritage. Representing Fujian, Sha County snacks are also available on the Chinese Food Street at the Shanghai 2010 World Expo.
Besides Sha County
snacks, Yong'an
snacks and Ninghua County
snacks attract local people a lot as well.
Prefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
in western Fujian
Fujian
' , formerly romanised as Fukien or Huguing or Foukien, is a province on the southeast coast of mainland China. Fujian is bordered by Zhejiang to the north, Jiangxi to the west, and Guangdong to the south. Taiwan lies to the east, across the Taiwan Strait...
province, People's Republic of China
People's Republic of China
China , officially the People's Republic of China , is the most populous country in the world, with over 1.3 billion citizens. Located in East Asia, the country covers approximately 9.6 million square kilometres...
. It borders Nanping
Nanping
Nanping is a prefecture-level city in northwestern Fujian province, People's Republic of China. It borders Ningde City to the east, Sanming City to the south, and the provinces of Zhejiang and Jiangxi to the north and west respectively...
City to the north, Fuzhou
Fuzhou
Fuzhou is the capital and one of the largest cities in Fujian Province, People's Republic of China. Along with the many counties of Ningde, those of Fuzhou are considered to constitute the Mindong linguistic and cultural area....
City to the east, Quanzhou
Quanzhou
Quanzhou is a prefecture-level city in Fujian province, People's Republic of China. It borders all other prefecture-level cities in Fujian but two and faces the Taiwan Strait...
City to the southeast, Longyan
Longyan
Longyan is a prefecture-level city in southwestern Fujian province, China.-Geography:It is situated in the upper reaches of the Jiulong and Tingjiang rivers...
City to the south, and the province of Jiangxi
Jiangxi
' is a southern province in the People's Republic of China. Spanning from the banks of the Yangtze River in the north into hillier areas in the south, it shares a border with Anhui to the north, Zhejiang to the northeast, Fujian to the east, Guangdong to the south, Hunan to the west, and Hubei to...
to the west. Sanming lies between Wuyi
Wuyi Mountains
The Wuyi Mountains are a mountain range located in the prefecture of Nanping, in the northern border of Fujian province with Jiangxi province, China. The mountains cover an area of 60 km². In 1999, Mount Wuyi entered UNESCO's list of World Heritage Sites, both natural and cultural...
and Daiyun mountains.
Geography and demographics
The prefecture level city of Sanming has a total area of 22,928.8 km², and 82% of this extension is composed of mountainous areasMountain
Image:Himalaya_annotated.jpg|thumb|right|The Himalayan mountain range with Mount Everestrect 58 14 160 49 Chomo Lonzorect 200 28 335 52 Makalurect 378 24 566 45 Mount Everestrect 188 581 920 656 Tibetan Plateaurect 250 406 340 427 Rong River...
, 8.3% of arable land
Arable land
In geography and agriculture, arable land is land that can be used for growing crops. It includes all land under temporary crops , temporary meadows for mowing or pasture, land under market and kitchen gardens and land temporarily fallow...
and 9.7% of water or other type of terrain.
Sanming is well known by its beautiful nature landscape with different landforms, including unique Danxia Landform
Danxia Landform
The Danxia landform refers to various landscapes found in southeast and southwest China that "consist of a red bed characterized by steep cliffs". It is a unique type of petrographic geomorphology found in China. Danxia landform are formed from red-colored sandstones and conglomerates of largely...
and abundant Karst topography
Karst topography
Karst topography is a geologic formation shaped by the dissolution of a layer or layers of soluble bedrock, usually carbonate rock such as limestone or dolomite, but has also been documented for weathering resistant rocks like quartzite given the right conditions.Due to subterranean drainage, there...
. The most famous spots include global geopark
Geopark
A Geopark is defined by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in its UNESCO Geoparks International Network of Geoparks programme as follows:...
Taining Golden Lake in Taining County
Taining County
Taining County is a county in Sanming City, Fujian Province of China.Area: 1535 km2.Population: 130,000.Postal Code: 354400.The county government is located in Shancheng town.-External links:*...
, Yuhua Cave in Jiangle County
Jiangle County
Jiangle County is a county of Fujian Province, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city....
and Goose Cave in Ninghua County
Ninghua County
Ninghua is a county in Sanming municipality in Fujian province, China.Ninghua is located at the west of Sanming, next to Jiangxi Province. Shibi of Ninghua is well known as the Cradle of the Hakka...
.
According to the 2010 Census
Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China
The Sixth National Population Census of the People's Republic of China, also referred to as the 2010 Chinese Census, was conducted by the National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China with a zero hour of November 1, 2010....
, Sanming has a population of 2,503,338, 70,687 inhabitants less than in 2000 Census (the average annual population growth for the period 2000-2010 was of -0.28%). The emigration of population from Sanming to other areas of Fujian is a constant process, even encouraged by government politics since the 60's.
Administration
The prefecture-level cityPrefecture-level city
A prefectural level city , prefectural city or prefectural level municipality is an administrative division of the People's Republic of China, ranking below a province and above a county in China's administrative structure. Prefectural level cities form the second level of the administrative...
of Sanming administers 2 districts, 1 county-level city
County-level city
A county-level city is a county-level administrative division of mainland China. County-level cities are usually governed by prefecture-level divisions, but a few are governed directly by province-level divisions....
, 9 counties. The information here presented is in km² and using data from 2010 Census.
| English Name | Simplified | Traditional | Pinyin | Foochow | Area | Population | Density |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Meilie District Meilie District Meilie District is a district of Fujian Province, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city.... |
梅列区 | 梅列區 | Méiliè Qū | Mùi-liĕk-kṳ̆ | 353 | 176,539 | 500 |
| Sanyuan District Sanyuan District Sanyuan District is a district of Fujian Province, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city.... |
三元区 | 三元區 | Sānyuán Qū | Săng-nguòng-kṳ̆ | 803 | 198,958 | 248 |
| Yong'an City Yong'an Yong'an is a county-level city in Fujian province, China. It is located on the Sha River, which is a tributary of the Min River.The county is located in west central Sanming, a prefecture level city in Fujian. It is located approximately 289.68 kilometres southwest of Fuzhou, capital of Fujian... |
永安市 | 永安市 | Yǒng'ān Shì | Īng-ăng-chê | 2,941 | 347,042 | 118 |
| Mingxi County Mingxi County Mingxi County is a county in Sanming City, Fujian, China.Area: 1709 km2.Population: 110,000.Postal Code: 365200.The county government is located in Xuefeng town.-External links:*... |
明溪县 | 明溪縣 | Míngxī Xiàn | Mìng-kă̤-gâing | 1,704 | 102,667 | 60 |
| Qingliu County Qingliu County Qingliu is a county of Fujian, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city.-Administration:The county executive, legislature, and judiciary are in Longjin Town, along with the CPC and PSB branches.-Township :*Donghua... |
清流县 | 清流縣 | Qīngliú Xiàn | Chĭng-liù-gâing | 1,825 | 136,248 | 75 |
| Ninghua County Ninghua County Ninghua is a county in Sanming municipality in Fujian province, China.Ninghua is located at the west of Sanming, next to Jiangxi Province. Shibi of Ninghua is well known as the Cradle of the Hakka... |
宁化县 | 寧化縣 | Nínghuà Xiàn | Nìng-huá-gâing | 2,381 | 272,443 | 114 |
| Datian County Datian County Datian County is a county of Fujian, China. It is placed under the jurisdiction of the Sanming city.-External links:*... |
大田县 | 大田縣 | Dàtián Xiàn | Duâi-dièng-gâing | 2,294 | 311,631 | 136 |
| Youxi County Youxi County Youxi County is a county of Fujian province, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city.... |
尤溪县 | 尤溪縣 | Yóuxī Xiàn | Iù-kă̤-gâing | 3,425 | 352,067 | 103 |
| Sha County Sha County Sha County is a county of Fujian, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city. Sha County is the hometown of Sha County snacks, which are considered part of the food heritage of China.-References:... |
沙县 | 沙縣 | Shā Xiàn | Să-gâing | 1,815 | 226,669 | 125 |
| Jiangle County Jiangle County Jiangle County is a county of Fujian Province, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city.... |
将乐县 | 將樂縣 | Jiānglè Xiàn | Ciŏng-lŏk-gâing | 2,247 | 148,867 | 66 |
| Taining County Taining County Taining County is a county in Sanming City, Fujian Province of China.Area: 1535 km2.Population: 130,000.Postal Code: 354400.The county government is located in Shancheng town.-External links:*... |
泰宁县 | 泰寧縣 | Tàiníng Xiàn | Tái-nìng-gâing | 1,534 | 110,278 | 72 |
| Jianning County Jianning County Jianning County lies in the municipal region of Sanming , Fujian. Jianning is rather remote, its county-town Suicheng serviced only by a trivia of provincially-maintained roads, namely -1. east to Taining county-town... |
建宁县 | 建寧縣 | Jiànníng Xiàn | Gióng-nìng-gâing | 1,742 | 119,979 | 69 |
History
In 1940 Sanyuan County was established. In 1956, Mingxi and Sanyuan Counties were combined to Sanming County, then in 1960 it was replaced with Sanming city.Environment and Tourism
Sanming has four well preserved and protected National Parks. The city was labeled as the most "green" city of the most "green" province in China.Da Jin Hu, which is the most famous tourist spot in Sanming, is also well known as Taining Gorden Lake Geopark
Geopark
A Geopark is defined by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization in its UNESCO Geoparks International Network of Geoparks programme as follows:...
marked by UNESCO. The Geopark is famous for its unique Danxia Landform
Danxia Landform
The Danxia landform refers to various landscapes found in southeast and southwest China that "consist of a red bed characterized by steep cliffs". It is a unique type of petrographic geomorphology found in China. Danxia landform are formed from red-colored sandstones and conglomerates of largely...
. The lake situated inside Taining County at the south end of Wuyi Mountain is the major State-level place of scenic beauty with the length of 60-plus kilometres and water area of more than 50 thousand mu.The best tour season of Taining Jinhu Lake is from April to October each year.
Besides, there are quite a number of places of historic interest and scenic beauty which include the State-level Taining Jinhu Lake,Yong-an Taoyuan Cave--------Linying Stone Forest,and the provincial level Jiangle Yuhua Cave, Sha Xian Qixian Cave, Ninghua Tian-er Cave and Meilie Ruiyun Mountain in Sanming.The natural reserves in Jiangle Longxi mountain, Xingkou Geshikao, Shaxian Nanmu Forest and Yong-an Tianbao Rock have been well known for the rare animals. The ancient architectural structure in Taining, Shibi Village, the originating place of the Hakkas in Ninghua and the birthplace of Zhu Xi in Youxi have all been noticeable both in China and overseas.
Yong-an Taoyuan Cave,situated by Yanjiang River on the north of Yong-an City, is a major State-level place of scenic beauty with an area of 10 kilometres.
Linying Stone Forest,a marvellous spectacle located in Dahu Village 13 kilometres northwest of Yong-an City, is a State-level major place of scenic beauty with a total area of 1.21 square kilometres.
The architectural structure group built in the ancient Ming Dynasty situated at the center of the urban district of Taining County is a State-level cultural relics under protection, having a high value in studying the ancient Chinese architecture,especially that in the Ming Dynasty.
Food Style
Local food style in Sanming City normally includes various snacks especially the famous Sha County Snacks. Sha County snack is one of well-known snack styles in China, which can be found in hundreds of cities around mainland China.Sha County
Sha County
Sha County is a county of Fujian, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city. Sha County is the hometown of Sha County snacks, which are considered part of the food heritage of China.-References:...
snacks have a long history and are known to be living artifacts of the Han people's food culture.
Currently, 39 varieties of Sha County
Sha County
Sha County is a county of Fujian, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city. Sha County is the hometown of Sha County snacks, which are considered part of the food heritage of China.-References:...
snacks have been labeled as "Famous Chinese Snacks" and 63 kinds as "Famous Fujian Snacks." The China Cuisine Association awarded Sha County the title of "Snack Culture City“ in China on December 8, 2006.
The production process of Sha County
Sha County
Sha County is a county of Fujian, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city. Sha County is the hometown of Sha County snacks, which are considered part of the food heritage of China.-References:...
snacks was listed in Fujian intangible cultural heritage in 2007, and has been declared a national intangible cultural heritage. Representing Fujian, Sha County snacks are also available on the Chinese Food Street at the Shanghai 2010 World Expo.
Besides Sha County
Sha County
Sha County is a county of Fujian, China. It is under the administration of Sanming city. Sha County is the hometown of Sha County snacks, which are considered part of the food heritage of China.-References:...
snacks, Yong'an
Yong'an
Yong'an is a county-level city in Fujian province, China. It is located on the Sha River, which is a tributary of the Min River.The county is located in west central Sanming, a prefecture level city in Fujian. It is located approximately 289.68 kilometres southwest of Fuzhou, capital of Fujian...
snacks and Ninghua County
Ninghua County
Ninghua is a county in Sanming municipality in Fujian province, China.Ninghua is located at the west of Sanming, next to Jiangxi Province. Shibi of Ninghua is well known as the Cradle of the Hakka...
snacks attract local people a lot as well.