The Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture (500 BCE—100 BCE

500

Year 500 was a leap year starting on Saturday of the Julian calendar. At the time, it was known as the Year of the Consulship of Patricius and Hypatius...

) was characterized by the appearance of elaborate ceremonial complexes, increasing social and political complexity, mound burial

Tumulus

A tumulus is a mound of earth and stones raised over a grave or graves. Tumuli are also known as barrows, burial mounds, Hügelgrab or kurgans, and can be found throughout much of the world. A tumulus composed largely or entirely of stones is usually referred to as a cairn...

, permanent settlements, population growth, and an increasing reliance on cultigen

Cultigen

A cultigen is a plant that has been deliberately altered or selected by humans; it is the result of artificial selection. These "man-made" or anthropogenic plants are, for the most part, plants of commerce that are used in horticulture, agriculture and forestry...

s. "Santa Rosa" is associated with the archeological site Santa Rosa Island

Santa Rosa Island, Florida

Santa Rosa Island[p] is a 40-mile barrier island located in the U.S. state of Florida, thirty miles east of the Alabama state border...

, Santa Rosa County, Florida

Santa Rosa County, Florida

Santa Rosa County is a county located in the U.S. state of Florida. According to the 2000 U.S. Census, the population was 117,743, while a July 1, 2005, estimate placed the population at 143,105, an 18% increase making it the 84th fastest growing county in the United States between 2000 and 2005. ...

. "Swift Creek" is associated with the archeological site near Swift Creek, Bibb County, Georgia

Bibb County, Georgia

Bibb County is a county located in the U.S. state of Georgia. As of 2000, the population was 153,887. The 2007 Census Estimate shows a population of 154,709...

.

The Early Woodland Deptford culture

Deptford culture

The Deptford culture was characterized by the appearance of elaborate ceremonial complexes, increasing social and opolitical complexity, mound burial, permanent settlements, population growth, and an increasing reliance on cultigens....

 evolved in place to become the Santa Rosa-Swift Creek culture. Burial mounds have yielded trade items which include copper

Copper

Copper is a chemical element with the symbol Cu and atomic number 29. It is a ductile metal with very high thermal and electrical conductivity. Pure copper is soft and malleable; an exposed surface has a reddish-orange tarnish...

 panpipes, ear ornaments, stone plummet

Plummet

Plummet is a American trance duo from Orlando, Florida. The act consists of producer/remixer Eric B. Muniz and female vocalist Cheramy Burgess....

s, and stone gorget

Gorget

A gorget originally was a steel or leather collar designed to protect the throat. It was a feature of older types of armour and intended to protect against swords and other non-projectile weapons...

s. These show this area's incorporation within the Hopewellian Interaction Sphere by about AD 100.

This area's incorporation is within the Hopewellian Interaction Sphere.

See also

• Deptford culture
  Deptford culture
  The Deptford culture was characterized by the appearance of elaborate ceremonial complexes, increasing social and opolitical complexity, mound burial, permanent settlements, population growth, and an increasing reliance on cultigens....
  
  
• Swift Creek culture
  Swift Creek culture
  The Swift Creek culture was a Middle Woodland period archaeological culture in Georgia, Alabama, Florida, South Carolina, and Tennessee, dating to around 100-800 CE. In Florida, Swift Creek ceremonial practices and burial complexes are referred to technically as the Yent-Green Point complex...
  
  
• List of archaeological periods for North America