The Santa Rosa Band of Cahuilla Indians is a federally recognized tribe of Cahuilla

Cahuilla

The Cahuilla, Iviatim in their own language, are Indians with a common culture whose ancestors inhabited inland areas of southern California 2,000 years ago. Their original territory included an area of about . The traditional Cahuilla territory was near the geographic center of Southern California...

 Indians, located in Riverside County, California

Riverside County, California

Riverside County is a county in the U.S. state of California. One of 58 California counties, it covers in the southern part of the state, and stretches from Orange County to the Colorado River, which forms the state border with Arizona. The county derives its name from the city of Riverside,...

.

Reservation

The Santa Rosa Indian Reservation, not to be confused with the Santa Rosa Rancheria, is a reservation in Riverside County

Riverside County, California

Riverside County is a county in the U.S. state of California. One of 58 California counties, it covers in the southern part of the state, and stretches from Orange County to the Colorado River, which forms the state border with Arizona. The county derives its name from the city of Riverside,...

 in the Santa Rosa Mountains

Santa Rosa Mountains (California)

The Santa Rosa Mountains are a short mountain range in the Peninsular Ranges system, located east of the Los Angeles Basin and northeast of the San Diego metropolitan area of southern California, in the Southwestern United States.-Geography:...

, near the town of Anza

Anza, California

Anza is a census-designated place located in southern Riverside County, California, in the Anza Valley, a semi-arid region at a mean elevation of above sea level. It is located south of Idyllwild, and approximately southwest of Palm Springs, southeast of Los Angeles, California and...

. It is 11092 acres (44.9 km²) acres large. It was established in 1907.

Government

The tribe's headquarters is located in Hemet, California

Hemet, California

Hemet is a city in the San Jacinto Valley in Riverside County, California, United States. It covers a total area of , about half of the valley, which it shares with the neighboring city of San Jacinto. The population was 78,657 at the 2010 census....

. Mayme Estrada is their current tribal chairperson.

History

The federal government closely supervised Cahuilla after 1891. Government schools were opened for Cahuilla children and Protestant missionaries moved onto their reservation. During the 20th century, the tribe supported itself through cattle grazing and wage labor. Many members of the Santa Rosa band do not live on the reservation. In 1970, only 7 out of 61 enrolled tribal members lived on the reservation. Education and economic diversity has improved for the tribes since the 1970s.