Santa Rosa de Calchines
Encyclopedia
Santa Rosa de Calchines (commonly shortened to Santa Rosa) is a town (comuna) in the center of the province
of Santa Fe
, Argentina
. It has 5,629 inhabitants per the . It lies 55 km northeast of the provincial capital
, by Provincial Route 1, on the Calchines stream within the western banks of the San Javier River
(a tributary of the Paraná
).
, with the name of San Miguel de Calchines, under the control of Franciscan
missionaires. In 1856 the priest in charge of the reduction calculated the number of resident natives as 3,000, and asked for a town to be established. The mission was moved to San Javier
in 1857, and then again to its original site in 1860.
In 1861 governor Pascual Rosas ordered the natives to be moved again to San Javier, but they rebelled and were split into three reductions: San Javier, Cayastá and Calchines. Rosas therefore decided to leave the matter as it was, founding three towns. Santa Rosa de Calchines was named in honor of St. Rose of Lima
, its patron. The communal institutions were formally assembled on 14 July 1886.
Provinces of Argentina
Argentina is subdivided into twenty-three provinces and one autonomous city...
of Santa Fe
Santa Fe Province
The Invincible Province of Santa Fe, in Spanish Provincia Invencible de Santa Fe , is a province of Argentina, located in the center-east of the country. Neighboring provinces are from the north clockwise Chaco , Corrientes, Entre Ríos, Buenos Aires, Córdoba, and Santiago del Estero...
, Argentina
Argentina
Argentina , officially the Argentine Republic , is the second largest country in South America by land area, after Brazil. It is constituted as a federation of 23 provinces and an autonomous city, Buenos Aires...
. It has 5,629 inhabitants per the . It lies 55 km northeast of the provincial capital
Santa Fe, Argentina
Santa Fe is the capital city of province of Santa Fe, Argentina. It sits in northeastern Argentina, near the junction of the Paraná and Salado rivers. It lies opposite the city of Paraná, to which it is linked by the Hernandarias Subfluvial Tunnel. The city is also connected by canal with the...
, by Provincial Route 1, on the Calchines stream within the western banks of the San Javier River
San Javier River (Santa Fe)
The San Javier River is an anabranch of the Paraná River in the province of Santa Fe, Argentina.-Course:...
(a tributary of the Paraná
Paraná River
The Paraná River is a river in south Central South America, running through Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina for some . It is second in length only to the Amazon River among South American rivers. The name Paraná is an abbreviation of the phrase "para rehe onáva", which comes from the Tupi language...
).
History
The town was originally founded in 1816 as an Indian reductionIndian Reductions
Reductions were settlements founded by the Spanish colonizers of the New World with the purpose of assimilating indigenous populations into European culture and religion.Already since the beginning of the Spanish presence in the Americas, the Crown had been concerned...
, with the name of San Miguel de Calchines, under the control of Franciscan
Franciscan
Most Franciscans are members of Roman Catholic religious orders founded by Saint Francis of Assisi. Besides Roman Catholic communities, there are also Old Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, ecumenical and Non-denominational Franciscan communities....
missionaires. In 1856 the priest in charge of the reduction calculated the number of resident natives as 3,000, and asked for a town to be established. The mission was moved to San Javier
San Javier, Santa Fe
San Javier is a city in the northeast of the , 156 km north-northeast from the provincial capital. It has about 15,000 inhabitants as of the and it is the head town of the San Javier Department....
in 1857, and then again to its original site in 1860.
In 1861 governor Pascual Rosas ordered the natives to be moved again to San Javier, but they rebelled and were split into three reductions: San Javier, Cayastá and Calchines. Rosas therefore decided to leave the matter as it was, founding three towns. Santa Rosa de Calchines was named in honor of St. Rose of Lima
Rose of Lima
Rose of Lima, , the first Catholic saint of the Americas, was born in Lima, Peru.-Biography:Saint Rose of Lima was born in the city of that name, the daughter of Gaspar Flores, a harquebusier from San German, Puerto Rico, and his wife, Maria de Oliva, who was a native of Lima. She was part of a...
, its patron. The communal institutions were formally assembled on 14 July 1886.
Highlights
- The church of St. Rose of Lima, finished in 1863, is a National Historic Monument. Its altar, brought from NaplesNaplesNaples is a city in Southern Italy, situated on the country's west coast by the Gulf of Naples. Lying between two notable volcanic regions, Mount Vesuvius and the Phlegraean Fields, it is the capital of the region of Campania and of the province of Naples...
, Italy, was donated by president Bartolomé MitreBartolomé MitreBartolomé Mitre Martínez was an Argentine statesman, military figure, and author. He was the President of Argentina from 1862 to 1868.-Life and times:...
, who attended the first mass. - Boxing champion Carlos MonzónCarlos MonzónCarlos Monzón was an Argentine professional boxer who held the undisputed world middleweight title for 7 years, during which he successfully defended the title 14 times....
was killed in a car crash in the jurisdiction of Santa Rosa in 1995. A monument at the site of his death commemorates it.