Saxon XVIII H
Encyclopedia
The Saxon Class XVIII 
was a German six-coupled tender locomotive built for the Royal Saxon State Railways
(Königlich Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen) in 1917/18 for express train services. The Deutsche Reichsbahn
grouped them in 1925 into DRG Class 18.0.
, the Saxon XVIII H appeared with a three-cylinder engine based on a Prussian prototype. In 1917 and 1918 the Sächsische Maschinenfabrik
in Chemnitz
built ten examples of this class.
The newly-formed Deutsche Reichsbahn took all 10 locomotives in 1925 over and gave them the numbers 18 001–010.
Locomotive 18 002 was destroyed in the Second World War; the remaining engines went into the Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany after the war had ended. They were station at Dresden-Altstadt locomotive depot and were later retired between 1963 and 1965.
with a firebox located above the frame
. This was made from three boiler rings, the third one being slightly conical in shape. The boiler feedwater was supplied through two steam injectors and a Knorr feedwater pump with preheater. The second injector was later omitted.
The steam engine was configured as a three-cylinder system with simple steam expansion. Two cylinders were located in the usual horizontal position on the outside, the third cylinder was built between the frame sides at an angle. All three cylinders drove the second coupled axle. The gearing of the inside cylinder was operated from the Heusinger valve gear of the outside cylinders via levers and intermediate shafts.
The three coupled axles were fixed in the frame. The leading bogie
had a side play of 38 mm, the trailing Adams axle
could swing 60 mm to the side.
The locomotive brake was a Westinghouse
compressed-air brake. Braking worked on one side of all the carrying and coupled wheels. Some of the locomotives were later equipped with Indusi train protection.
The locomotives were coupled to Saxon sä 2'2' T 31 tenders.
–Leipzig
and Dresden–Berlin
. After the Second World War the nine remaining engines were concentrated in Dresden and were mostly used to haul express services to Berlin.
was a German six-coupled tender locomotive built for the Royal Saxon State RailwaysRoyal Saxon State Railways
The Royal Saxon State Railways were the state-owned railways operating in the Kingdom of Saxony from 1869 to 1918...
(Königlich Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen) in 1917/18 for express train services. The Deutsche Reichsbahn
Deutsche Reichsbahn-Gesellschaft
The Deutsche Reichsbahn – was the name of the German national railway created from the railways of the individual states of the German Empire following the end of World War I....
grouped them in 1925 into DRG Class 18.0.
History
After a number of four-cylinder compounds had been taken into service in SaxonyKingdom of Saxony
The Kingdom of Saxony , lasting between 1806 and 1918, was an independent member of a number of historical confederacies in Napoleonic through post-Napoleonic Germany. From 1871 it was part of the German Empire. It became a Free state in the era of Weimar Republic in 1918 after the end of World War...
, the Saxon XVIII H appeared with a three-cylinder engine based on a Prussian prototype. In 1917 and 1918 the Sächsische Maschinenfabrik
Sächsische Maschinenfabrik
The Sächsische Maschinenfabrik in Chemnitz was one of the most important engineering companies in Saxony in the second half of the 19th century and the first two decades of the 20th century. Including its various predecessor businesses, the firm existed from 1837 until its liquidation in 1930, and...
in Chemnitz
Chemnitz
Chemnitz is the third-largest city of the Free State of Saxony, Germany. Chemnitz is an independent city which is not part of any county and seat of the government region Direktionsbezirk Chemnitz. Located in the northern foothills of the Ore Mountains, it is a part of the Saxon triangle...
built ten examples of this class.
The newly-formed Deutsche Reichsbahn took all 10 locomotives in 1925 over and gave them the numbers 18 001–010.
Locomotive 18 002 was destroyed in the Second World War; the remaining engines went into the Deutsche Reichsbahn in East Germany after the war had ended. They were station at Dresden-Altstadt locomotive depot and were later retired between 1963 and 1965.
Design features
To begin with the Class XIII H had a boilerBoiler
A boiler is a closed vessel in which water or other fluid is heated. The heated or vaporized fluid exits the boiler for use in various processes or heating applications.-Materials:...
with a firebox located above the frame
Locomotive frame
A locomotive frame is the structure that forms the backbone of the railway locomotive, giving it strength and supporting the superstructure elements such as a cab, boiler or bodywork. The vast majority of locomotives have had a frame structure of some kind...
. This was made from three boiler rings, the third one being slightly conical in shape. The boiler feedwater was supplied through two steam injectors and a Knorr feedwater pump with preheater. The second injector was later omitted.
The steam engine was configured as a three-cylinder system with simple steam expansion. Two cylinders were located in the usual horizontal position on the outside, the third cylinder was built between the frame sides at an angle. All three cylinders drove the second coupled axle. The gearing of the inside cylinder was operated from the Heusinger valve gear of the outside cylinders via levers and intermediate shafts.
The three coupled axles were fixed in the frame. The leading bogie
Leading wheel
The leading wheel or leading axle of a steam locomotive is an unpowered wheel or axle located in front of the driving wheels. The axle or axles of the leading wheels are normally located in a truck...
had a side play of 38 mm, the trailing Adams axle
Adams axle
The Adams axle is a form of radial axle for rail locomotives that enable them to negotiate curves more easily. It was invented by William Bridges Adams and patented in 1865. The invention uses axle boxes that slide on an arc in shaped horn blocks, so allowing the axle to slide out to either side...
could swing 60 mm to the side.
The locomotive brake was a Westinghouse
Westinghouse Air Brake Company
The railway air brake was invented by George Westinghouse of New York state in 1869. Soon after, he moved to Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, where he established the Westinghouse Air Brake Company on September 28, 1869...
compressed-air brake. Braking worked on one side of all the carrying and coupled wheels. Some of the locomotives were later equipped with Indusi train protection.
The locomotives were coupled to Saxon sä 2'2' T 31 tenders.
Service
Because the trains on the Central Mountain routes were largely hauled by the powerful successor class, the Saxon XX HV (DRG Class 19.0), the Saxon XVIII Hs were mainly deployed on less hilly lines of DresdenDresden
Dresden is the capital city of the Free State of Saxony in Germany. It is situated in a valley on the River Elbe, near the Czech border. The Dresden conurbation is part of the Saxon Triangle metropolitan area....
–Leipzig
Leipzig
Leipzig Leipzig has always been a trade city, situated during the time of the Holy Roman Empire at the intersection of the Via Regia and Via Imperii, two important trade routes. At one time, Leipzig was one of the major European centres of learning and culture in fields such as music and publishing...
and Dresden–Berlin
Berlin
Berlin is the capital city of Germany and is one of the 16 states of Germany. With a population of 3.45 million people, Berlin is Germany's largest city. It is the second most populous city proper and the seventh most populous urban area in the European Union...
. After the Second World War the nine remaining engines were concentrated in Dresden and were mostly used to haul express services to Berlin.
Sources
- Fritz Näbrich, Günter Meyer, Reiner Preuß: Lokomotivarchiv Sachsen 1, transpress VEB Verlag für Verkehrswesen, Berlin, 1983
- Erich Preuß, Rainer Preuß: Sächsische Staatseisenbahnen, transpress Verlagsgesellschaft mbH, Berlin, 1991, ISBN 3-344-70700-0
- Günther Reiche: Richard Hartmann und seine Lokomotiven. Oberbaumverlag, Berlin/Chemnitz 1998, ISBN 3-928254-56-1
External links
External links
- There is a relevant English-language forum at Railways of Germany