Schaumburg-Lippe
Encyclopedia
Schaumburg-Lippe was until 1946 a small state in Germany
, located in the present day state of Lower Saxony
, with its capital at Bückeburg
.
With Wilhelm's death in 1777 the junior Schaumburg-Lippe-Alverdissen
inherited the County thereby reuniting Schaumburg-Lippe with Lippe-Alverdissen.
Schaumburg-Lippe was a county until 1807 when it became a principality; from 1871 it was a state within the German Empire
. In 1913, it was the smallest state in the German Empire in terms of population. The capital was Bückeburg
, and Stadthagen
was the only other town. Under the constitution of 1868, there was a legislative diet of 15 members, 10 elected by the towns and rural districts and 1 each by the nobility, clergy and educated classes, the remaining 2 nominated by the prince. Schaumburg-Lippe sent one member to the Bundesrat
(federal council) and one deputy to the Reichstag
. It lasted until the end of the German monarchies
in 1918, when it became a free state
as the Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe
. In November 1918, Prince Adolf was the last reigning German monarch to abdicate.
Heir: Hereditary Prince Heinrich-Donatus (born 1994)
Germany
Germany , officially the Federal Republic of Germany , is a federal parliamentary republic in Europe. The country consists of 16 states while the capital and largest city is Berlin. Germany covers an area of 357,021 km2 and has a largely temperate seasonal climate...
, located in the present day state of Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony
Lower Saxony is a German state situated in north-western Germany and is second in area and fourth in population among the sixteen states of Germany...
, with its capital at Bückeburg
Bückeburg
Bückeburg is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, on the border with North Rhine Westphalia. It was once the capital of the tiny principality of Schaumburg-Lippe and is today located in the district of Schaumburg close to the northern slopes of the Weserbergland ridge...
.
History
Schaumburg-Lippe was formed in 1647 through the division by treaties of the County of Schaumburg between the Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg, the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel and the Count of Lippe. The division occurred because Count Otto V of Holstein-Schaumburg had died in 1640 leaving no male heir. Initially Schaumburg-Lippe's position was somewhat precarious: it had to share a wide variety of institutions and facilities with the County of Schaumburg (which belonged to Hesse-Kassel), including the representative assembly and the highly productive Bückeberg mines, and the Landgrave of Hesse-Kassel retained some feudal rights over it. It was further threatened by the headstrong policies of ruling Count Friedrich Christian. To counter these threats, Friedrich's grandson Count Wilhelm (who reigned 1748–1777) retained a standing army of up to 1000 troops - quite a lot for such a small territory.With Wilhelm's death in 1777 the junior Schaumburg-Lippe-Alverdissen
Lippe-Alverdissen
Lippe-Alverdissen was a county in Germany. It was created in 1613 following the death of Count Simon VI of Lippe, with his realm being split between his three sons with his youngest son Philipp receiving the territory of Lippe-Alverdissen....
inherited the County thereby reuniting Schaumburg-Lippe with Lippe-Alverdissen.
Schaumburg-Lippe was a county until 1807 when it became a principality; from 1871 it was a state within the German Empire
German Empire
The German Empire refers to Germany during the "Second Reich" period from the unification of Germany and proclamation of Wilhelm I as German Emperor on 18 January 1871, to 1918, when it became a federal republic after defeat in World War I and the abdication of the Emperor, Wilhelm II.The German...
. In 1913, it was the smallest state in the German Empire in terms of population. The capital was Bückeburg
Bückeburg
Bückeburg is a town in Lower Saxony, Germany, on the border with North Rhine Westphalia. It was once the capital of the tiny principality of Schaumburg-Lippe and is today located in the district of Schaumburg close to the northern slopes of the Weserbergland ridge...
, and Stadthagen
Stadthagen
Stadthagen is the capital of the district of Schaumburg, in Lower Saxony, Germany. It is situated approx. 20 km east of Minden and 40 km west of Hanover. The city consists of the districts Brandenburg, Enzen-Hobbensen, Hörkamp-Langenbruch, Krebshagen, Obernwöhren, Probsthagen, Reinsen...
was the only other town. Under the constitution of 1868, there was a legislative diet of 15 members, 10 elected by the towns and rural districts and 1 each by the nobility, clergy and educated classes, the remaining 2 nominated by the prince. Schaumburg-Lippe sent one member to the Bundesrat
Bundesrat of Germany
The German Bundesrat is a legislative body that represents the sixteen Länder of Germany at the federal level...
(federal council) and one deputy to the Reichstag
Reichstag (German Empire)
The Reichstag was the parliament of the North German Confederation , and of the German Reich ....
. It lasted until the end of the German monarchies
German Revolution
The German Revolution was the politically-driven civil conflict in Germany at the end of World War I, which resulted in the replacement of Germany's imperial government with a republic...
in 1918, when it became a free state
Free state
Free state may refer to:* Free state , a loosely defined term used by various states at different times and places to describe themselves...
as the Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe
Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe
The Free State of Schaumburg-Lippe was created following the abdication of Prince Adolf II of Schaumburg-Lippe on 15 November 1918. It was a state in Germany during the Weimar Republic, headed by a Minister President. The democratic government was suppressed during Nazi rule...
. In November 1918, Prince Adolf was the last reigning German monarch to abdicate.
Counts of Schaumburg-Lippe (1643–1807)
- Philip IPhilip I, Count of Schaumburg-LippePhilipp I, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe was the founder of the Schaumburg-Lippe line.-Biography:He was born in Lemgo the son of Simon VI, Count of Lippe and his second wife Countess Elisabeth of Holstein-Schaumburg .Following the death of his father in 1613 he inherited Lippe-Alverdissen which he...
(1643–81) - Frederick ChristianFrederick Christian, Count of Schaumburg-LippeFriedrich Christian, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe was the second ruler of the County of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1681–1728) - Albert WolfgangAlbert Wolfgang, Count of Schaumburg-LippeAlbrecht Wolfgang, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe was a ruler of the County of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:He was born in Bückeburg the son of Friedrich Christian, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe and his first wife Countess Johanna Sophia of Hohenlohe-Langenburg . He succeeded his father as Count on the 13...
(1728–48) - WilliamWilliam, Count of Schaumburg-LippeWilhelm, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg , born Friedrich Wilhelm Ernst Graf zu Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg, was a ruler of the County of Schaumburg-Lippe-Bückeburg, and an important military commander in the Seven Years' War.-Biography:He was born in London the son Albrecht Wolfgang, Count of...
(1748–77) - Philip II ErnestPhilip II Ernest, Count of Schaumburg-LippePhilipp II Ernst, Count of Schaumburg-Lippe was a ruler of the counties of Lippe-Alverdissen and Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1777–87) - George WilliamGeorge William, Prince of Schaumburg-LippeGeorg Wilhelm, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe was a Count and later Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1787–1807)
Princes of Schaumburg-Lippe (1807–1918)
- George WilliamGeorge William, Prince of Schaumburg-LippeGeorg Wilhelm, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe was a Count and later Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1807–60) - Adolf IAdolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-LippeAdolf I, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe was a ruler of the Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:He was born in Bückeburg to Georg Wilhelm, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe and Princess Ida of Waldeck and Pyrmont ....
(1860–93) - GeorgeGeorge, Prince of Schaumburg-LippeGeorg, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe was a ruler of the small Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1893–1911) - Adolf IIAdolf II, Prince of Schaumburg-LippeAdolf II, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe was the last ruler of the small Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1911–18)
Heads of the House of Schaumburg-Lippe, post monarchy
- Adolf IIAdolf II, Prince of Schaumburg-LippeAdolf II, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe was the last ruler of the small Principality of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1918–36) - WolradWolrad, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippealign=right|Ernst Wolrad, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe was a head of the Princely House of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1936–62) - Philipp-ErnstPhilipp-Ernst, Prince of Schaumburg-LippePhilipp-Ernst, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe was a head of the Princely House of Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(1962–2003) - AlexanderAlexander, Prince of Schaumburg-LippeAlexander, Prince of Schaumburg-Lippe is the head of the Princely House of Schaumburg-Lippe. As such, he carries the title Fürst zu Schaumburg-Lippe.-Biography:...
(2003–present)
Heir: Hereditary Prince Heinrich-Donatus (born 1994)