Second Turko-Egyptian War
Encyclopedia
The Second Egyptian–Ottoman War or Second Turco-Egyptian War lasted from 1839 until 1841 and was fought mainly in Syria
, whence it is sometimes called the (Second) Syrian War.
In 1839, the Ottoman Empire
moved to reoccupy lands lost to Muhammad Ali
in the First Turko-Egyptian War. After suffering a defeat at the Battle of Nezib
, the Ottoman Empire appeared on the verge of collapse. Britain, Austria and other European nations, rushed to intervene and force Egypt into accepting a peace treaty. The Ottoman Empire invaded Syria, and Hafiz Pasha, accompanied by Moltke, marched an army into Syria. Battle of Nezib
: Hafiz Pasha's army was routed by the Egyptian army under the command of Ibrahim Pasha
. On July 1st, the Ottoman fleet sailed to Alexandria and surrenders to Muhammad Ali. From September to November of 1840, a combined naval fleet, made up of British and Austrian vessels, cut off Ibrahim's sea communications with Egypt. This is followed by the occupation of Beirut and Acre by the British. On November 27th, 1840, the Convention of Alexandria took place. British Admiral Charles Napier reached an agreement with the Egyptian government, thereby abandoning claims to Syria and returned the Ottoman fleet. In February of 1841, Ibrahim left Syria and returned to Egypt.
Syria
Syria , officially the Syrian Arab Republic , is a country in Western Asia, bordering Lebanon and the Mediterranean Sea to the West, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest....
, whence it is sometimes called the (Second) Syrian War.
In 1839, the Ottoman Empire
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
moved to reoccupy lands lost to Muhammad Ali
Muhammad Ali of Egypt
Muhammad Ali Pasha al-Mas'ud ibn Agha was a commander in the Ottoman army, who became Wāli, and self-declared Khedive of Egypt and Sudan...
in the First Turko-Egyptian War. After suffering a defeat at the Battle of Nezib
Battle of Nezib
The Battle of Nezib was fought on June 24, 1839 between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire. The Egyptians were led by Ibrahim Pasha, while the Ottomans were led by Hafiz Osman Pasha, with Moltke in command of the Ottoman artillery. The Ottoman were positioned at Mezar, southwest of Nezib, with the...
, the Ottoman Empire appeared on the verge of collapse. Britain, Austria and other European nations, rushed to intervene and force Egypt into accepting a peace treaty. The Ottoman Empire invaded Syria, and Hafiz Pasha, accompanied by Moltke, marched an army into Syria. Battle of Nezib
Battle of Nezib
The Battle of Nezib was fought on June 24, 1839 between Egypt and the Ottoman Empire. The Egyptians were led by Ibrahim Pasha, while the Ottomans were led by Hafiz Osman Pasha, with Moltke in command of the Ottoman artillery. The Ottoman were positioned at Mezar, southwest of Nezib, with the...
: Hafiz Pasha's army was routed by the Egyptian army under the command of Ibrahim Pasha
Ibrahim Pasha of Egypt
Ibrahim Pasha was the eldest son of Muhammad Ali, the Wāli and unrecognised Khedive of Egypt and Sudan. He served as a general in the Egyptian army that his father established during his reign, taking his first command of Egyptian forces was when he was merely a teenager...
. On July 1st, the Ottoman fleet sailed to Alexandria and surrenders to Muhammad Ali. From September to November of 1840, a combined naval fleet, made up of British and Austrian vessels, cut off Ibrahim's sea communications with Egypt. This is followed by the occupation of Beirut and Acre by the British. On November 27th, 1840, the Convention of Alexandria took place. British Admiral Charles Napier reached an agreement with the Egyptian government, thereby abandoning claims to Syria and returned the Ottoman fleet. In February of 1841, Ibrahim left Syria and returned to Egypt.