Sergei Yudin
Encyclopedia
Sergei Sergeevich Yudin was a Russian surgeon.
Sergei Yudin was an outstanding Russian surgeon of the 20th century. Yudin lived a very productive, yet tragic, life.
Sergei Yudin was born in Moscow into the family of a factory owner.
In 1911, Yudin became a medical student at the University of Moscow
. In the fall of 1914, after the beginning of the First World War, Yudin was called into the army as a junior doctor. During the war, Yudin was wounded three times. He was awarded the Cross of St. George
for bravery.
In 1925, Yudin published the book "Spinal Anesthesia". In 1926 this book was awarded the F.A. Rein prize by the All-Soviet Surgical Society for the best surgical publication in 1924-1925. In the same year, Yudin was awarded a trip to the United States
for 6 months. Yudin’s letters from America were published regularly in 1927-1928 in the leading Soviet surgical journal "New Surgical Archives" and probably represented the most detailed description of American surgery at that time.
After returning from the United States, in 1928, Yudin was invited to become chairman of the surgical department at the institute of emergency aid named after N.V. Sklifosovskiy
in Moscow
. Yudin also pioneered the transfusion
of cadaveric blood
and performed this successfully for the first time on March 23, 1930. In 1930, Yudin organized the world first blood bank
at the Nikolay Sklifosovskiy
Institute, which set an example for the establishment of further blood banks in different regions of the Soviet Union
and in other countries.
During the Second World War, June 1942, Yudin was appointed a surgeon-in-chief to the army. In 1943 in recognition of his surgical achievements, Yudin was awarded honorary fellowships of the American College of Surgeons
and the Royal College of Surgeons
. Yudin was also an honorary member of the International College of Surgeons and of the Paris
, Prague
, and Catalonian surgical societies, as well an honorary doctor of Sorbonne University.
Despite his achievements and popularity, Yudin was arrested by the KGB
on December 22, 1948. He was held in jail without trial for more than 3 years. His name disappeared from medical journals, articles he had submitted were not published, and his publications were removed from the libraries. In 1952, he was exiled to Siberia
for 10 years to the town of Berdsk
, which was 30 km away from Novosibirsk
. Only after Stalin’s death in March 1953 Yudin was able to return to Moscow and recommence his work. One year later on March 12, 1954, Yudin died from myocardial infarction at the age of 62 years.
Sergei Yudin was an outstanding Russian surgeon of the 20th century. Yudin lived a very productive, yet tragic, life.
Sergei Yudin was born in Moscow into the family of a factory owner.
In 1911, Yudin became a medical student at the University of Moscow
Moscow State University
Lomonosov Moscow State University , previously known as Lomonosov University or MSU , is the largest university in Russia. Founded in 1755, it also claims to be one of the oldest university in Russia and to have the tallest educational building in the world. Its current rector is Viktor Sadovnichiy...
. In the fall of 1914, after the beginning of the First World War, Yudin was called into the army as a junior doctor. During the war, Yudin was wounded three times. He was awarded the Cross of St. George
Cross of St. George
thumb|Original Cross of St. George.Ist and 2nd class were in gold.The Cross of St. George ', or simply the George's Cross, was, until 1913, officially known as the Sign of Distinction of the Military Order of St. George....
for bravery.
In 1925, Yudin published the book "Spinal Anesthesia". In 1926 this book was awarded the F.A. Rein prize by the All-Soviet Surgical Society for the best surgical publication in 1924-1925. In the same year, Yudin was awarded a trip to the United States
United States
The United States of America is a federal constitutional republic comprising fifty states and a federal district...
for 6 months. Yudin’s letters from America were published regularly in 1927-1928 in the leading Soviet surgical journal "New Surgical Archives" and probably represented the most detailed description of American surgery at that time.
After returning from the United States, in 1928, Yudin was invited to become chairman of the surgical department at the institute of emergency aid named after N.V. Sklifosovskiy
Nikolay Sklifosovskiy
Nikolai Vasilyevich Sklifosovsky was a Russian surgeon and physiologist of Ukrainian origin. He was born near the town of Dubasari, which is now in Transnistria. Sklifosovsky was a professor of medicine in Saint Petersburg and Kiev...
in Moscow
Moscow
Moscow is the capital, the most populous city, and the most populous federal subject of Russia. The city is a major political, economic, cultural, scientific, religious, financial, educational, and transportation centre of Russia and the continent...
. Yudin also pioneered the transfusion
Blood transfusion
Blood transfusion is the process of receiving blood products into one's circulation intravenously. Transfusions are used in a variety of medical conditions to replace lost components of the blood...
of cadaveric blood
Cadaveric blood
Cadaveric blood transfusion is the transfusion of blood from a dead body to a living person.-History:In 1929, professor Shamov of Kharkov, USSR, reported the experimental use of cadaveric blood and demonstrated the absence of toxicity. Russian surgeon Sergei Yudin pioneered the transfusion of...
and performed this successfully for the first time on March 23, 1930. In 1930, Yudin organized the world first blood bank
Blood bank
A blood bank is a cache or bank of blood or blood components, gathered as a result of blood donation, stored and preserved for later use in blood transfusion. The term "blood bank" typically refers to a division of a hospital laboratory where the storage of blood product occurs and where proper...
at the Nikolay Sklifosovskiy
Nikolay Sklifosovskiy
Nikolai Vasilyevich Sklifosovsky was a Russian surgeon and physiologist of Ukrainian origin. He was born near the town of Dubasari, which is now in Transnistria. Sklifosovsky was a professor of medicine in Saint Petersburg and Kiev...
Institute, which set an example for the establishment of further blood banks in different regions of the Soviet Union
Soviet Union
The Soviet Union , officially the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics , was a constitutionally socialist state that existed in Eurasia between 1922 and 1991....
and in other countries.
During the Second World War, June 1942, Yudin was appointed a surgeon-in-chief to the army. In 1943 in recognition of his surgical achievements, Yudin was awarded honorary fellowships of the American College of Surgeons
Fellow of the American College of Surgeons
Fellow of the American College of Surgeons, often listed as "FACS", is a post-nominal title used to indicate that the surgeon's education and training, professional qualifications, surgical competence, and ethical conduct have passed a rigorous evaluation, and have been found to be consistent with...
and the Royal College of Surgeons
Royal College of Surgeons of England
The Royal College of Surgeons of England is an independent professional body and registered charity committed to promoting and advancing the highest standards of surgical care for patients, regulating surgery, including dentistry, in England and Wales...
. Yudin was also an honorary member of the International College of Surgeons and of the Paris
Paris
Paris is the capital and largest city in France, situated on the river Seine, in northern France, at the heart of the Île-de-France region...
, Prague
Prague
Prague is the capital and largest city of the Czech Republic. Situated in the north-west of the country on the Vltava river, the city is home to about 1.3 million people, while its metropolitan area is estimated to have a population of over 2.3 million...
, and Catalonian surgical societies, as well an honorary doctor of Sorbonne University.
Despite his achievements and popularity, Yudin was arrested by the KGB
NKVD
The People's Commissariat for Internal Affairs was the public and secret police organization of the Soviet Union that directly executed the rule of power of the Soviets, including political repression, during the era of Joseph Stalin....
on December 22, 1948. He was held in jail without trial for more than 3 years. His name disappeared from medical journals, articles he had submitted were not published, and his publications were removed from the libraries. In 1952, he was exiled to Siberia
Siberia
Siberia is an extensive region constituting almost all of Northern Asia. Comprising the central and eastern portion of the Russian Federation, it was part of the Soviet Union from its beginning, as its predecessor states, the Tsardom of Russia and the Russian Empire, conquered it during the 16th...
for 10 years to the town of Berdsk
Berdsk
Berdsk is a town in Novosibirsk Oblast, Russia, a satellite of Novosibirsk, situated on a bank of the Berd River. Population: It was founded in 1716 as a fortress. Town status was granted to it in 1944...
, which was 30 km away from Novosibirsk
Novosibirsk
Novosibirsk is the third-largest city in Russia, after Moscow and Saint Petersburg, and the largest city of Siberia, with a population of 1,473,737 . It is the administrative center of Novosibirsk Oblast as well as of the Siberian Federal District...
. Only after Stalin’s death in March 1953 Yudin was able to return to Moscow and recommence his work. One year later on March 12, 1954, Yudin died from myocardial infarction at the age of 62 years.