Shahrud
Encyclopedia
Shahrud is classified as a "short-necked lute." The word sehrud is of Persian origin, derived from the words sah-i rûd meaning "king of lutes/large lute." Though Al-Farabi
(-950) included an illustration of the sehrud in his Kitâbü'l Musiki, it is very difficult to determine particulars from this drawing. But this old sehrud is completely different from the large ud often encountered in Iranian miniatures of a few centuries later. Thus it is clear that this old name changed in meaning, being applied to a new and different instrument. One of the most-illustrated instruments in Iranian and Ottoman miniatures, the sehrud was generally drawn overly large. From this standpoint, the miniatures were obviously not realistic. In some miniatures, it is difficult to say whether the instrument depicted is an ud or a sehrud.
There is no obvious difference in design between Iranian and Ottoman sehruds. However, it can be determined from miniatures that Iran it was played with the neck horizontal, while the Ottomans played it with the neck elevated.
Abd al-Qadir Maraghi
was especially interested in the restoration and improvement of stringed musical instruments. In his work "Maqasid al-Alhan (Persian for: purports of Music)(مقاصد الحان)" ,he provides information about numerous musical instruments such as: udi gadim (old ud), udi kamil (improved ud), shashtay, kamancha, jiganak, Shirvan tanbur, Turkish tanbur, rubab, shidirgi, shahrud, mugni
and nuzha
.
Al-Farabi
' known in the West as Alpharabius , was a scientist and philosopher of the Islamic world...
(-950) included an illustration of the sehrud in his Kitâbü'l Musiki, it is very difficult to determine particulars from this drawing. But this old sehrud is completely different from the large ud often encountered in Iranian miniatures of a few centuries later. Thus it is clear that this old name changed in meaning, being applied to a new and different instrument. One of the most-illustrated instruments in Iranian and Ottoman miniatures, the sehrud was generally drawn overly large. From this standpoint, the miniatures were obviously not realistic. In some miniatures, it is difficult to say whether the instrument depicted is an ud or a sehrud.
There is no obvious difference in design between Iranian and Ottoman sehruds. However, it can be determined from miniatures that Iran it was played with the neck horizontal, while the Ottomans played it with the neck elevated.
Abd al-Qadir Maraghi
Abd al-Qadir Maraghi
Abd al-Qadir al-Maraghi b. Ghaybi ), was a Persian musician and artist. According to the Encyclopedia of Islam, he was the greatest of the Persian writers on music.-Life:...
was especially interested in the restoration and improvement of stringed musical instruments. In his work "Maqasid al-Alhan (Persian for: purports of Music)(مقاصد الحان)" ,he provides information about numerous musical instruments such as: udi gadim (old ud), udi kamil (improved ud), shashtay, kamancha, jiganak, Shirvan tanbur, Turkish tanbur, rubab, shidirgi, shahrud, mugni
Mugni
The mugni resembles a tar except that the two globes are connected and not separated like the tar's. During Ghuri rulers and Khwarizmi music grew. Two notable theorists of this era were Fakhr al-Din al-Razi and Nasir al-Din al-Tusi. Another Persian theorist was Qutb al-Din al-Shirazi who was...
and nuzha
Nuzha
' is a suburb of Kuwait City; it is located in Al Asimah Governorate in Kuwait. Its population in 2008 was 13, 804.- Embassies in Nuzha:...
.
See also
- Persian traditional music
- Turkish music
- Azerbaijani music
- CobzaCobzaThe cobza is a Romanian and Moldovan folk instrument of the lute family . It is distinct from the Ukrainian kobza, an instrument of a different organology and origin....
- RudRudThe rud is a Persian stringed musical instrument. In Persian, the word means "string". It has been mentioned in classical Persian literature by Rudaki, Hafez, Naser Khusraw, Sanai, Ferdowsi, Nizami and Qatran Tabrizi other poets...