Shehyni
Encyclopedia
Shehyni is a village in the Ukraine
. Located at the border with Poland, it is best known as the site of the Medyka
-Shehyni border crossing
.
was first mentioned in 1515 in a royal charter under the name of Szechinie. For most of its' existence the village belonged to the Land of Przemyśl, itself part of Ruthenian Voivodeship
of the Kingdom of Poland and then (since 1772) Austrian Galicia.
From the very beginning the village belonged to the so-called key
of estates including Medyka, Pozdziacz, Torki and Buców, centred around the manor in Medyka, all based on a local variant of Magdeburg law, dubbed Ruthenian law. Initially the peasants settled there were tasked with taking care of royal stables in Medyka, with time their duty towards the owner of Medyka manor was modified to simple serfdom
economy, with yearly rent
paid in grain. The village had a voigt
(certain Konarski) as late as 1565, and was populated by no more than 7 families of peasant
s. By 1589 the village had 48 male inhabitants (eligible for levy
) and two inns paying yearly rent of 78 Polish guilders. Some time before that date a mill
and a fish pond
were constructed in the village.
Initially but a handful of houses along the road linking Przemyśl with Mościska (modern Mostyska
), with time the village grew to 1036 inhabitants (including 825 Ruthenians
, 237 Poles
and 63 Jews
) in 1880.
Ukraine
Ukraine is a country in Eastern Europe. It has an area of 603,628 km², making it the second largest contiguous country on the European continent, after Russia...
. Located at the border with Poland, it is best known as the site of the Medyka
Medyka
Medyka is a village in Przemyśl County, Subcarpathian Voivodeship, in south-eastern Poland, close to the border with Ukraine. It is the seat of the gmina called Gmina Medyka...
-Shehyni border crossing
Border Crossing
Border Crossing may refer to:* Border Crossing , an album by saxophonist Mike Osborne.* Border Crossing , a UK hip hop collective musical group.* Border Crossing , a 2001 novel by English author Pat Barker....
.
History
The village, situated 14 km east of the city of PrzemyślPrzemysl
Przemyśl is a city in south-eastern Poland with 66,756 inhabitants, as of June 2009. In 1999, it became part of the Podkarpackie Voivodeship; it was previously the capital of Przemyśl Voivodeship....
was first mentioned in 1515 in a royal charter under the name of Szechinie. For most of its' existence the village belonged to the Land of Przemyśl, itself part of Ruthenian Voivodeship
Ruthenian Voivodeship
Ruthenia Voivodeship was an administrative division of the Kingdom of Poland . Together with Bełz Voivodeship, it formed Lesser Poland Province with its capital city in Kraków. Part of Lesser Poland region...
of the Kingdom of Poland and then (since 1772) Austrian Galicia.
From the very beginning the village belonged to the so-called key
Herrschaft (territory)
In the German feudal system, a Herrschaft or Herrlichkeit was the fiefdom of a lord, who in this area exercised his full feudal rights...
of estates including Medyka, Pozdziacz, Torki and Buców, centred around the manor in Medyka, all based on a local variant of Magdeburg law, dubbed Ruthenian law. Initially the peasants settled there were tasked with taking care of royal stables in Medyka, with time their duty towards the owner of Medyka manor was modified to simple serfdom
Serfdom
Serfdom is the status of peasants under feudalism, specifically relating to Manorialism. It was a condition of bondage or modified slavery which developed primarily during the High Middle Ages in Europe and lasted to the mid-19th century...
economy, with yearly rent
Renting
Renting is an agreement where a payment is made for the temporary use of a good, service or property owned by another. A gross lease is when the tenant pays a flat rental amount and the landlord pays for all property charges regularly incurred by the ownership from landowners...
paid in grain. The village had a voigt
Voigt
Voigt is a German surname, and may refer to:* Angela Voigt, East German long jumper* Alexander Voigt, German football player* Andreas J...
(certain Konarski) as late as 1565, and was populated by no more than 7 families of peasant
Peasant
A peasant is an agricultural worker who generally tend to be poor and homeless-Etymology:The word is derived from 15th century French païsant meaning one from the pays, or countryside, ultimately from the Latin pagus, or outlying administrative district.- Position in society :Peasants typically...
s. By 1589 the village had 48 male inhabitants (eligible for levy
Levy
Levy, Lévy or Levies may refer to:* Levy * Levy's , Arizona chain* Levy County, Florida- Military organizations :* Aden Protectorate Levies* Iraq Levies* Kachin Levies* Malakand Levies* Swat Levies...
) and two inns paying yearly rent of 78 Polish guilders. Some time before that date a mill
Mill (grinding)
A grinding mill is a unit operation designed to break a solid material into smaller pieces. There are many different types of grinding mills and many types of materials processed in them. Historically mills were powered by hand , working animal , wind or water...
and a fish pond
Fish pond
A fish pond, or fishpond, is a controlled pond, artificial lake, or reservoir that is stocked with fish and is used in aquaculture for fish farming, or is used for recreational fishing or for ornamental purposes...
were constructed in the village.
Initially but a handful of houses along the road linking Przemyśl with Mościska (modern Mostyska
Mostyska
Mostyska is a city in Lviv Oblast of Ukraine. It is administrative center of the Mostyska Raion. Population is 9,150 . There is a break of gauge where the railway systems of the two countries meet...
), with time the village grew to 1036 inhabitants (including 825 Ruthenians
Ukrainians
Ukrainians are an East Slavic ethnic group native to Ukraine, which is the sixth-largest nation in Europe. The Constitution of Ukraine applies the term 'Ukrainians' to all its citizens...
, 237 Poles
Poles
thumb|right|180px|The state flag of [[Poland]] as used by Polish government and diplomatic authoritiesThe Polish people, or Poles , are a nation indigenous to Poland. They are united by the Polish language, which belongs to the historical Lechitic subgroup of West Slavic languages of Central Europe...
and 63 Jews
Jews
The Jews , also known as the Jewish people, are a nation and ethnoreligious group originating in the Israelites or Hebrews of the Ancient Near East. The Jewish ethnicity, nationality, and religion are strongly interrelated, as Judaism is the traditional faith of the Jewish nation...
) in 1880.