Siege of Bijapur
Encyclopedia
Siege of Bijapur began on March 1685 and ended on 12 September 1686, with a Mughal
victory. The siege began when the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
dispatched his son Muhammad Azam Shah with a force of nearly 50,000 men to capture Bijapur Fort
and defeat Sikandar Adil Shah
the ruler of Bijapur who refused to be a vassal of the Mughal Empire
.
The Siege of Bijapur was among the longest military engagements by the Mughals, it lasted more than 15months until the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
personally arrived to organize a victory.
was the Subedar
of Deccan during the reign of his father the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan
, he led a 25,000 strong Mughal Army
and besieged Bijapur Fort
and its ruler Mohammed Adil Shah
. The siege however was unsuccessful because the Adil Shahi dynasty sought peace with Shah Jahan
mainly through the cooperation of Dara Shikoh
.
Ali Adil Shah II
inherited a troubled kingdom. He had to face the onslaught of the Maratha
led by Shivaji, who murdered Afzal Khan the most capable commander in the Bijapur Sultanate and the leaderless troops of Bijapur
were thenceforth consequently routed by Shivaji's rebels. As a result the Adil Shahi dynasty was greatly weakened mainly due to to the rebellious Maratha
led by Shivaji and his son Sambhaji
.
Sikandar Adil Shah
was chosen to lead the Adil Shahi dynasty he had previously fought Aurangzeb in the year 1637. he allied himself with Abul Hasan Qutb Shah
and refused to become a vassal of the Mughal Empire
. Angered by his refusal to submit to Mughal authority Aurangzeb
and the Mughal Empire
declared war.
dispatched his son Muhammad Azam Shah alongside Ruhullah Khan the Mir Bakshi an organizer, with a force of nearly 50,000 men to capture Bijapur Fort
. The Mughal Army
arrived at Bijapur on March 1685. Elite Mughal Sowar
s led by Dilir Khan and Qasim Khan began to surround and capture crucial positions around Bijapur Fort
after the encirclement was complete Prince Muhammad Azam Shah initiated siege oprations by positioning cannons around Bijapur Fort
.
Bijapur Fort
however was well defended by 30,000 men led by Sikandar Adil Shah
and his commander Sarza Khan. Attacks by Mughal cannon batteries were repulsed by the large and heavy Bijapur cannons such as the famous "Malik-i-Maidan" forced the invading Mughals to maintain a safe distance away from Bijapur Fort
. Instead of capturing territories on open ground the Mughals, then dug long trenches and carefully placed their artillery, but made no further advancements.
The Mughals could not cross through the deep 10ft moat
surrounding the Bijapur Fort and the 50ft high 25ft wide fine granite
and lime mortar walls were almost impossible to breach. The situation of the Mughals worsened when Maratha
bands under Sambhaji
had severed food, gunpowder and weapon supplies arriving from the Mughal garrison at Solapur
. The Mughals were now struggling on both fronts and became overburdened by the ongoing siege against the Adil Shahi's and battles with roving Maratha
bands. In response to their hardships Aurangzeb
sent his son Shah Alam
and his celebrated Mughal
commander Abdullah Khan Bahadur Firuz Jang.
Unable to allow the collapse of the Mughal Army
outside Bijapur Fort
, the Mughal commander Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung I
led a massive expeditionary reinforcement army to alleviate the hardships of the Mughal Army
and drive out the Maratha
and defeat their ambushing forces.
The Mughals regained control of supply routes leading to Solapur
but no successful advancement had been made into Bijapur Fort
. The lengthy siege had turned into a stalemate the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
himself gathered a massive army on July 1686 and marched slowly towards Bijapur Fort
. He finally arrived outside Bijapur Fort
and setup encampments beside Abdullah Khan Bahadur Firuz Jang, on September 4, 1686. Very soon Aurangzeb, personally rode out inspiring his army of almost a 100,000 men to begin a full scale all-out assault. After 8 days of intense fighting the Mughals had successfully damaged the 5 gates of Bijapur Fort
and collapsed substantial portions of the fortified walls thus enabling them to cross the moat
on several locations and eventually march into the city.
Although the Adil Shahi Matchlock
caused considerable casualties to the Mughal Army
Aurangzeb and his Cavalry
finally breached into the city and captured Sikandar Adil Shah
who was bound in silver
chains and presented before the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
.
had suffered many wounds, was captured and ultimately died on September 12 1686 and the Adil Shahi dynasty came to an end. Aurangzeb then appointed Syed Mian
(father of the Sayyid Brothers) as the first Mughal Subedar
of Bijapur
.
The Mughals annexed and conquered a weakened Bijapur and their control in the region began to weaken after the death of Aurangzeb
in the year 1707. It was massive onslaughts and raids organized by the Maratha
s that later weakened the Mughals and their Nawab
s in region and eventually Bijapur and much of the Deccan was no longer under Mughal control by the year 1753.
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
victory. The siege began when the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
dispatched his son Muhammad Azam Shah with a force of nearly 50,000 men to capture Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
and defeat Sikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah was placed on the throne of Bijapur in 1672 at four years of age. Therefore, his reign is one of regents and ministers and was marked by chronic civil war among factious nobles, independence of provincial governors, paralysis of the central administration, Mughal invasions,...
the ruler of Bijapur who refused to be a vassal of the Mughal Empire
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
.
The Siege of Bijapur was among the longest military engagements by the Mughals, it lasted more than 15months until the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
personally arrived to organize a victory.
Background
In the year 1637 while young Prince AurangzebAurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
was the Subedar
Subedar
Subedar is a historical rank in the Indian Army, ranking below British commissioned officers and above non-commissioned officers. The rank was otherwise equivalent to a British lieutenant and was introduced in the East India Company's presidency armies, to make it easier for British officers to...
of Deccan during the reign of his father the Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...
, he led a 25,000 strong Mughal Army
Mughal Army
The Mughal Army was the army of the Mughal Empire.Mirza Najaf Khan was commander in chief of the Mughal Army from 1772 till his death in April 1782.The art of Mughal warfare brought about a complete change in the way wars were fought in the Indian...
and besieged Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
and its ruler Mohammed Adil Shah
Mohammed Adil Shah
Muhammad Adil Shah was the ruler of Bijapur, ascending the throne in 1627 at the comparatively young age of sixteen years. This was accomplished with the help of two Bijapuri nobles – Daulat Khan and Mirza Muhammad Amin Lari .Muhammad’s glorious reign of thirty years witnessed some momentous...
. The siege however was unsuccessful because the Adil Shahi dynasty sought peace with Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan
Shah Jahan Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) Shah Jahan (also spelled Shah Jehan, Shahjehan, , Persian: شاه جهان) (January 5, 1592 – January 22, 1666) (Full title: His Imperial Majesty Al-Sultan al-'Azam wal Khaqan...
mainly through the cooperation of Dara Shikoh
Dara Shikoh
His Highness, The Imperial Prince Dara Shikoh was the eldest son and the heir apparent of Mughal Emperor Shah Jahan and his wife Mumtaz Mahal. His name دارا شكوه in Persian means "Darius the Magnificent"...
.
Ali Adil Shah II
Ali Adil Shah II
On the death of Mohammed Adil Shah on November 4, 1657, Ali Adil Shah II, a youth of eighteen, succeeded to the throne through the efforts of the Prime Minister Khan Muhammad and the Queen, Badi Sahiba, sister of Qutb Shah of Golkonda....
inherited a troubled kingdom. He had to face the onslaught of the Maratha
Maratha
The Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
led by Shivaji, who murdered Afzal Khan the most capable commander in the Bijapur Sultanate and the leaderless troops of Bijapur
Bijapur, Karnataka
Bijapur Urdu:بیجاپور city is the district headquarters of Bijapur District of Karnataka state. Bijapur city is well known for its historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty...
were thenceforth consequently routed by Shivaji's rebels. As a result the Adil Shahi dynasty was greatly weakened mainly due to to the rebellious Maratha
Maratha
The Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
led by Shivaji and his son Sambhaji
Sambhaji
Sambhaji Raje Bhosle was the eldest son and successor to Emporer Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire.- Early life :...
.
Sikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah was placed on the throne of Bijapur in 1672 at four years of age. Therefore, his reign is one of regents and ministers and was marked by chronic civil war among factious nobles, independence of provincial governors, paralysis of the central administration, Mughal invasions,...
was chosen to lead the Adil Shahi dynasty he had previously fought Aurangzeb in the year 1637. he allied himself with Abul Hasan Qutb Shah
Abul Hasan Qutb Shah
Abul Hasan Qutb Shah was the eighth and last ruler of the Qutb Shahi dynasty, who ruled the kingdom of Golconda in south India...
and refused to become a vassal of the Mughal Empire
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
. Angered by his refusal to submit to Mughal authority Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
and the Mughal Empire
Mughal Empire
The Mughal Empire , or Mogul Empire in traditional English usage, was an imperial power from the Indian Subcontinent. The Mughal emperors were descendants of the Timurids...
declared war.
Siege
In the year 1685 the Mughal Emperor AurangzebAurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
dispatched his son Muhammad Azam Shah alongside Ruhullah Khan the Mir Bakshi an organizer, with a force of nearly 50,000 men to capture Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
. The Mughal Army
Mughal Army
The Mughal Army was the army of the Mughal Empire.Mirza Najaf Khan was commander in chief of the Mughal Army from 1772 till his death in April 1782.The art of Mughal warfare brought about a complete change in the way wars were fought in the Indian...
arrived at Bijapur on March 1685. Elite Mughal Sowar
Sowar
Sowar , meaning 'The one who rides' in Persian, was originally a rank during the Mughal period. Later during the British Raj it was the name in Anglo-Indian usage for a horse-soldier belonging to the cavalry troops of the native armies of British India and the feudal states...
s led by Dilir Khan and Qasim Khan began to surround and capture crucial positions around Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
after the encirclement was complete Prince Muhammad Azam Shah initiated siege oprations by positioning cannons around Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
.
Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
however was well defended by 30,000 men led by Sikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah was placed on the throne of Bijapur in 1672 at four years of age. Therefore, his reign is one of regents and ministers and was marked by chronic civil war among factious nobles, independence of provincial governors, paralysis of the central administration, Mughal invasions,...
and his commander Sarza Khan. Attacks by Mughal cannon batteries were repulsed by the large and heavy Bijapur cannons such as the famous "Malik-i-Maidan" forced the invading Mughals to maintain a safe distance away from Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
. Instead of capturing territories on open ground the Mughals, then dug long trenches and carefully placed their artillery, but made no further advancements.
The Mughals could not cross through the deep 10ft moat
Moat
A moat is a deep, broad ditch, either dry or filled with water, that surrounds a castle, other building or town, historically to provide it with a preliminary line of defence. In some places moats evolved into more extensive water defences, including natural or artificial lakes, dams and sluices...
surrounding the Bijapur Fort and the 50ft high 25ft wide fine granite
Granite
Granite is a common and widely occurring type of intrusive, felsic, igneous rock. Granite usually has a medium- to coarse-grained texture. Occasionally some individual crystals are larger than the groundmass, in which case the texture is known as porphyritic. A granitic rock with a porphyritic...
and lime mortar walls were almost impossible to breach. The situation of the Mughals worsened when Maratha
Maratha
The Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
bands under Sambhaji
Sambhaji
Sambhaji Raje Bhosle was the eldest son and successor to Emporer Shivaji, the founder of the Maratha empire.- Early life :...
had severed food, gunpowder and weapon supplies arriving from the Mughal garrison at Solapur
Solapur
Solapur is a city in South Western Maharashtra, India governed by municipal corporation.Solapur is one of the four districts that form the region of Western Maharashtra . It is the fourth largest district in Maharashtra in terms of land area and seventh largest in terms of population...
. The Mughals were now struggling on both fronts and became overburdened by the ongoing siege against the Adil Shahi's and battles with roving Maratha
Maratha
The Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
bands. In response to their hardships Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
sent his son Shah Alam
Bahadur Shah I
Bahadur Shah was a Mughal Emperor, who ruled India from 1707 to 1712. His original name was Qutb ud-Din Muhammad Mu'azzam later titled as Shah Alam by his father. He took the throne name Bahadur Shah in 1707. His name Bahādur means "brave" & "hero" in Turko-Mongol languages...
and his celebrated Mughal
Mughal
Mughal, a word related to the Mongols, may refer to the:* Mughal Empire of South Asia* Mughal emperors* Mughal , the central Asian tribe from which the rulers of the Mughal Empire hailed* Mughal architecture* Mughal painting* Mughlai cuisine...
commander Abdullah Khan Bahadur Firuz Jang.
Unable to allow the collapse of the Mughal Army
Mughal Army
The Mughal Army was the army of the Mughal Empire.Mirza Najaf Khan was commander in chief of the Mughal Army from 1772 till his death in April 1782.The art of Mughal warfare brought about a complete change in the way wars were fought in the Indian...
outside Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
, the Mughal commander Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung I
Ghazi ud-Din Khan Feroze Jung I
Mir Shahâb ud-Din Siddiqi titled Farzand-i-Arjumand, Nawab Ghazi ud-din Khan Siddiqi Bahadur, Feroze Jung, Sipah Salar was the son of Kilich Khan II Khwaja Abid Siddiqi the Sadr us Sudur of Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb and was raised to the rank of an Amir with the initial titles of Ghazi ud-Din...
led a massive expeditionary reinforcement army to alleviate the hardships of the Mughal Army
Mughal Army
The Mughal Army was the army of the Mughal Empire.Mirza Najaf Khan was commander in chief of the Mughal Army from 1772 till his death in April 1782.The art of Mughal warfare brought about a complete change in the way wars were fought in the Indian...
and drive out the Maratha
Maratha
The Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
and defeat their ambushing forces.
The Mughals regained control of supply routes leading to Solapur
Solapur
Solapur is a city in South Western Maharashtra, India governed by municipal corporation.Solapur is one of the four districts that form the region of Western Maharashtra . It is the fourth largest district in Maharashtra in terms of land area and seventh largest in terms of population...
but no successful advancement had been made into Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
. The lengthy siege had turned into a stalemate the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
himself gathered a massive army on July 1686 and marched slowly towards Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
. He finally arrived outside Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
and setup encampments beside Abdullah Khan Bahadur Firuz Jang, on September 4, 1686. Very soon Aurangzeb, personally rode out inspiring his army of almost a 100,000 men to begin a full scale all-out assault. After 8 days of intense fighting the Mughals had successfully damaged the 5 gates of Bijapur Fort
Bijapur Fort
The Bijapur Fort is located in the Bijapur city in Bijapur District of the Indian state of Karnataka. Bijapur fort has a plethora of historical monuments of architectural importance built during the rule of Adil Shahi dynasty....
and collapsed substantial portions of the fortified walls thus enabling them to cross the moat
Moat
A moat is a deep, broad ditch, either dry or filled with water, that surrounds a castle, other building or town, historically to provide it with a preliminary line of defence. In some places moats evolved into more extensive water defences, including natural or artificial lakes, dams and sluices...
on several locations and eventually march into the city.
Although the Adil Shahi Matchlock
Matchlock
The matchlock was the first mechanism, or "lock" invented to facilitate the firing of a hand-held firearm. This design removed the need to lower by hand a lit match into the weapon's flash pan and made it possible to have both hands free to keep a firm grip on the weapon at the moment of firing,...
caused considerable casualties to the Mughal Army
Mughal Army
The Mughal Army was the army of the Mughal Empire.Mirza Najaf Khan was commander in chief of the Mughal Army from 1772 till his death in April 1782.The art of Mughal warfare brought about a complete change in the way wars were fought in the Indian...
Aurangzeb and his Cavalry
Cavalry
Cavalry or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback. Cavalry were historically the third oldest and the most mobile of the combat arms...
finally breached into the city and captured Sikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah was placed on the throne of Bijapur in 1672 at four years of age. Therefore, his reign is one of regents and ministers and was marked by chronic civil war among factious nobles, independence of provincial governors, paralysis of the central administration, Mughal invasions,...
who was bound in silver
Silver
Silver is a metallic chemical element with the chemical symbol Ag and atomic number 47. A soft, white, lustrous transition metal, it has the highest electrical conductivity of any element and the highest thermal conductivity of any metal...
chains and presented before the Mughal Emperor Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
.
Aftermath
Sikandar Adil ShahSikandar Adil Shah
Sikandar Adil Shah was placed on the throne of Bijapur in 1672 at four years of age. Therefore, his reign is one of regents and ministers and was marked by chronic civil war among factious nobles, independence of provincial governors, paralysis of the central administration, Mughal invasions,...
had suffered many wounds, was captured and ultimately died on September 12 1686 and the Adil Shahi dynasty came to an end. Aurangzeb then appointed Syed Mian
Syed Mian
Sayyid Mian, was the father of Syed Hassan Ali Khan and Syed Hussain Ali Khan the two famous Sayyid Brothers.Syed Mian, was a loyal serviceman of Aurangzeb, he became famous as a commander during the Siege of Bijapur for planning the trenches and leading assaults during the Siege of Bijapur. Due to...
(father of the Sayyid Brothers) as the first Mughal Subedar
Subedar
Subedar is a historical rank in the Indian Army, ranking below British commissioned officers and above non-commissioned officers. The rank was otherwise equivalent to a British lieutenant and was introduced in the East India Company's presidency armies, to make it easier for British officers to...
of Bijapur
Bijapur
Bijapur can refer to:*Adil Shahi dynasty, also known as the Bijapur Sultanate *Bijapur district, Karnataka, a district in the state of Karnataka**Bijapur, Karnataka, a city in the Bijapur district of Karnataka...
.
The Mughals annexed and conquered a weakened Bijapur and their control in the region began to weaken after the death of Aurangzeb
Aurangzeb
Abul Muzaffar Muhy-ud-Din Muhammad Aurangzeb Alamgir , more commonly known as Aurangzeb or by his chosen imperial title Alamgir , was the sixth Mughal Emperor of India, whose reign lasted from 1658 until his death in 1707.Badshah Aurangzeb, having ruled most of the Indian subcontinent for nearly...
in the year 1707. It was massive onslaughts and raids organized by the Maratha
Maratha
The Maratha are an Indian caste, predominantly in the state of Maharashtra. The term Marāthā has three related usages: within the Marathi speaking region it describes the dominant Maratha caste; outside Maharashtra it can refer to the entire regional population of Marathi-speaking people;...
s that later weakened the Mughals and their Nawab
Nawab
A Nawab or Nawaab is an honorific title given to Muslim rulers of princely states in South Asia. It is the Muslim equivalent of the term "maharaja" that was granted to Hindu rulers....
s in region and eventually Bijapur and much of the Deccan was no longer under Mughal control by the year 1753.