Sir Andrew Murray
Encyclopedia
Sir Andrew Murray also known as Sir Andrew Moray or Sir Andrew Murray of Bothwell, was a Scottish
military leader who commanded resistance forces loyal to David II of Scotland
against Edward Balliol
and Edward III of England
during the Second War of Scottish Independence
. He was twice chosen as Guardian of Scotland
, from 1332 to 1333, and again from 1335 until his death in 1338.
Murray was the son of Andrew Moray
, William Wallace
's companion-in-arms, who died at the Battle of Stirling Bridge
shortly before Murray's birth. Murray acceded his father to the lordship of Bothwell in Lanarkshire
. He was married to the Lady Christina Bruce
, sister of Robert I of Scotland
.
In 1335 he won an important victory against the supporters of Edward Balliol
at the Battle of Culblean
.
From 1335 to 1338, Murray led Scottish raids against the English strongholds in southern Scotland. Murray's resistance campaign systematically destroyed all English fortresses along the Scotland-England frontier. The success of the Scottish resistance coupled with the increasing build-up for the war between France and England forced Edward Balliol and Edward III to withdraw their armies from Scotland.
Murray died in 1338 at his Avoch Castle and was buried at Dunfermline Abbey
.
Scotland
Scotland is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. Occupying the northern third of the island of Great Britain, it shares a border with England to the south and is bounded by the North Sea to the east, the Atlantic Ocean to the north and west, and the North Channel and Irish Sea to the...
military leader who commanded resistance forces loyal to David II of Scotland
David II of Scotland
David II was King of Scots from 7 June 1329 until his death.-Early life:...
against Edward Balliol
Edward Balliol
Edward Balliol was a claimant to the Scottish throne . With English help, he briefly ruled the country from 1332 to 1336.-Life:...
and Edward III of England
Edward III of England
Edward III was King of England from 1327 until his death and is noted for his military success. Restoring royal authority after the disastrous reign of his father, Edward II, Edward III went on to transform the Kingdom of England into one of the most formidable military powers in Europe...
during the Second War of Scottish Independence
Second War of Scottish Independence
The Second War of Scottish Independence was the second cluster of a series of military campaigns fought between the independent Kingdom of Scotland and the Kingdom of England in the late thirteenth and early fourteenth centuries....
. He was twice chosen as Guardian of Scotland
Guardian of Scotland
The Guardians of Scotland were the de facto heads of state of Scotland during the First Interregnum of 1290–1292, and the Second Interregnum of 1296–1306...
, from 1332 to 1333, and again from 1335 until his death in 1338.
Murray was the son of Andrew Moray
Andrew Moray
Andrew Moray , also known as Andrew de Moray, Andrew of Moray, or Andrew Murray, was a prominent military leader of patriotic forces during the Scottish Wars of Independence. He led the rising in northern Scotland in the summer of 1297 against the occupation by King Edward I of England,...
, William Wallace
William Wallace
Sir William Wallace was a Scottish knight and landowner who became one of the main leaders during the Wars of Scottish Independence....
's companion-in-arms, who died at the Battle of Stirling Bridge
Battle of Stirling Bridge
The Battle of Stirling Bridge was a battle of the First War of Scottish Independence. On 11 September 1297, the forces of Andrew Moray and William Wallace defeated the combined English forces of John de Warenne, 6th Earl of Surrey and Hugh de Cressingham near Stirling, on the River Forth.-The main...
shortly before Murray's birth. Murray acceded his father to the lordship of Bothwell in Lanarkshire
Lanarkshire
Lanarkshire or the County of Lanark ) is a Lieutenancy area, registration county and former local government county in the central Lowlands of Scotland...
. He was married to the Lady Christina Bruce
Christina Bruce
Christina Bruce the second daughter of Robert de Brus, jure uxoris Earl of Carrick and Marjorie of Carrick, and an older sister of King Robert the Bruce....
, sister of Robert I of Scotland
Robert I of Scotland
Robert I , popularly known as Robert the Bruce , was King of Scots from March 25, 1306, until his death in 1329.His paternal ancestors were of Scoto-Norman heritage , and...
.
In 1335 he won an important victory against the supporters of Edward Balliol
Edward Balliol
Edward Balliol was a claimant to the Scottish throne . With English help, he briefly ruled the country from 1332 to 1336.-Life:...
at the Battle of Culblean
Battle of Culblean
The Battle of Culblean was fought on 30 November 1335, during the Second War of Scottish Independence. It was a victory for the Scots led by the Guardian, Sir Andrew Murray over an Anglo-Scots force commanded by David III Strathbogie, titular Earl of Atholl, and a leading supporter of Edward...
.
From 1335 to 1338, Murray led Scottish raids against the English strongholds in southern Scotland. Murray's resistance campaign systematically destroyed all English fortresses along the Scotland-England frontier. The success of the Scottish resistance coupled with the increasing build-up for the war between France and England forced Edward Balliol and Edward III to withdraw their armies from Scotland.
Murray died in 1338 at his Avoch Castle and was buried at Dunfermline Abbey
Dunfermline Abbey
Dunfermline Abbey is as a Church of Scotland Parish Church located in Dunfermline, Fife, Scotland. In 2002 the congregation had 806 members. The minister is the Reverend Alastair Jessamine...
.