Sir John Fenwick, 1st Baronet
Encyclopedia
Sir John Fenwick, 1st Baronet (c. 1570 – c. 1658) was an English
landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons
between 1640 and 1648. He supported the Parliamentary side in the Civil War
.
Fenwick was the son of William Fenwick, who had been High Sheriff of Northumberland
in 1578 and 1589. Fenwick himself also served as High Sheriff in 1620. He was a successful racehorse breeder
and became a favorite of Charles I
for whom he acted as Master of the Royal Stud at Tutbury
and Surveyor of the Royal Race (or Stud). He was created 1st Baronet Fenwick
of Fenwick, on 9 June 1628.
In 1624, and again in 1625, 1626 and 1628, Fenwick was elected knight of the shire for Northumberland
. In April 1640, he was again elected for Northumberland to the Short Parliament
and then re-elected in 1642 to the Long Parliament
after Henry Percy was excluded. Fenwick was temporarily disabled from sitting in January 1644. His son and heir John
was killed fighting on the Royalist side at the Battle of Marston Moor
in 1644. Fenwick again served as High Sheriff of Northumberland
in 1645 and was re-admitted to parliament in June 1646
Fenwick owned substantial estates in Northumberland and Durham but financial difficulties caused him to sell the greater part of his holdings in 1650 to Sir William Blackett for £20,000. He retained the family seat at Wallington Hall
.
Fenwick married twice, firstly to Catherine Slingsby and secondly to Grace Loraine. He was succeeded by his second son William
.
England
England is a country that is part of the United Kingdom. It shares land borders with Scotland to the north and Wales to the west; the Irish Sea is to the north west, the Celtic Sea to the south west, with the North Sea to the east and the English Channel to the south separating it from continental...
landowner and politician who sat in the House of Commons
House of Commons of England
The House of Commons of England was the lower house of the Parliament of England from its development in the 14th century to the union of England and Scotland in 1707, when it was replaced by the House of Commons of Great Britain...
between 1640 and 1648. He supported the Parliamentary side in the Civil War
English Civil War
The English Civil War was a series of armed conflicts and political machinations between Parliamentarians and Royalists...
.
Fenwick was the son of William Fenwick, who had been High Sheriff of Northumberland
High Sheriff of Northumberland
This is a list of the High Sheriffs of the English county of Northumberland.The High Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the High Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post...
in 1578 and 1589. Fenwick himself also served as High Sheriff in 1620. He was a successful racehorse breeder
Breeder
A breeder is a person who practices the vocation of mating carefully selected specimens of the same breed to reproduce specific, consistently replicable qualities and characteristics....
and became a favorite of Charles I
Charles I of England
Charles I was King of England, King of Scotland, and King of Ireland from 27 March 1625 until his execution in 1649. Charles engaged in a struggle for power with the Parliament of England, attempting to obtain royal revenue whilst Parliament sought to curb his Royal prerogative which Charles...
for whom he acted as Master of the Royal Stud at Tutbury
Tutbury
Tutbury is a large village and civil parish of about 3,000 residents in the English county of Staffordshire.It is surrounded by the agricultural countryside of both Staffordshire and Derbyshire. The site has been inhabited for over 3000 years, with Iron Age defensive ditches encircling the main...
and Surveyor of the Royal Race (or Stud). He was created 1st Baronet Fenwick
Fenwick Baronets
The Fenwick Baronetcy, of Fenwick in the County of Northumberland, was a title in the Baronetage of England. It was created omn 9 June 1628 for Sir John Fenwick, of Wallington Hall, Northumberland. He sat as Member of Parliament for Northumberland and Cockermouth. The second and third Baronets also...
of Fenwick, on 9 June 1628.
In 1624, and again in 1625, 1626 and 1628, Fenwick was elected knight of the shire for Northumberland
Northumberland (UK Parliament constituency)
Northumberland, was a County constituency of the House of Commons of the Parliament of England then of the Parliament of Great Britain from 1707 to 1800 and of the Parliament of the United Kingdom from 1801 to 1832. It was represented by two Members of Parliament.The constituency was split into two...
. In April 1640, he was again elected for Northumberland to the Short Parliament
Short Parliament
The Short Parliament was a Parliament of England that sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks....
and then re-elected in 1642 to the Long Parliament
Long Parliament
The Long Parliament was made on 3 November 1640, following the Bishops' Wars. It received its name from the fact that through an Act of Parliament, it could only be dissolved with the agreement of the members, and those members did not agree to its dissolution until after the English Civil War and...
after Henry Percy was excluded. Fenwick was temporarily disabled from sitting in January 1644. His son and heir John
John Fenwick (MP for Morpeth)
John Fenwick was an English politician who sat in the House of Commons in 1640. He fought in the Royalist army in the English Civil War and was killed at the Battle of Marston Moor....
was killed fighting on the Royalist side at the Battle of Marston Moor
Battle of Marston Moor
The Battle of Marston Moor was fought on 2 July 1644, during the First English Civil War of 1642–1646. The combined forces of the Scottish Covenanters under the Earl of Leven and the English Parliamentarians under Lord Fairfax and the Earl of Manchester defeated the Royalists commanded by Prince...
in 1644. Fenwick again served as High Sheriff of Northumberland
High Sheriff of Northumberland
This is a list of the High Sheriffs of the English county of Northumberland.The High Sheriff is the oldest secular office under the Crown. Formerly the High Sheriff was the principal law enforcement officer in the county but over the centuries most of the responsibilities associated with the post...
in 1645 and was re-admitted to parliament in June 1646
Fenwick owned substantial estates in Northumberland and Durham but financial difficulties caused him to sell the greater part of his holdings in 1650 to Sir William Blackett for £20,000. He retained the family seat at Wallington Hall
Wallington Hall
Wallington is a country house and gardens located about west of Morpeth, Northumberland, England, near the village of Cambo. It has been owned by the National Trust since 1942, after it was donated by Sir Charles Philips Trevelyan, the first donation of its kind...
.
Fenwick married twice, firstly to Catherine Slingsby and secondly to Grace Loraine. He was succeeded by his second son William
Sir William Fenwick, 2nd Baronet
Sir William Fenwick, 2nd Baronet , was an English baronet and MP.He was the eldest surviving son of Sir John Fenwick, 1st Baronet of Wallington Hall, Northumberland and was educated at Morpeth Grammar School and Christ's College, Cambridge, before entering Grays Inn...
.