Sixth Army (Ottoman Empire)
Encyclopedia
The Sixth Army of the Ottoman Empire
(Turksih
: Altıncı Ordu) was one of the field armies
of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the middle 19th century during Ottoman military reforms.
. It was composed of:
and the establishment of the Second Constitutional Era
on July 3, 1908, new government initiate a major military reform. Army headquarters were modernized. Its operational area was Mesopotamia
. It commanded the following active divisions: The Sixth Army also had inspectorate functions for four Redif (reserve) divisions:
Ottoman Empire
The Ottoman EmpireIt was usually referred to as the "Ottoman Empire", the "Turkish Empire", the "Ottoman Caliphate" or more commonly "Turkey" by its contemporaries...
(Turksih
Turkish language
Turkish is a language spoken as a native language by over 83 million people worldwide, making it the most commonly spoken of the Turkic languages. Its speakers are located predominantly in Turkey and Northern Cyprus with smaller groups in Iraq, Greece, Bulgaria, the Republic of Macedonia, Kosovo,...
: Altıncı Ordu) was one of the field armies
Field army
A Field Army, or Area Army, usually referred to simply as an Army, is a term used by many national military forces for a military formation superior to a corps and beneath an army group....
of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the middle 19th century during Ottoman military reforms.
Order of Battle, 1877
In 1877, it was stationed in BaghdadBaghdad
Baghdad is the capital of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Governorate. The population of Baghdad in 2011 is approximately 7,216,040...
. It was composed of:
- InfantryInfantryInfantrymen are soldiers who are specifically trained for the role of fighting on foot to engage the enemy face to face and have historically borne the brunt of the casualties of combat in wars. As the oldest branch of combat arms, they are the backbone of armies...
: Six line regiments and six rifle battalion. - CavalryCavalryCavalry or horsemen were soldiers or warriors who fought mounted on horseback. Cavalry were historically the third oldest and the most mobile of the combat arms...
: Two line regiments. - ArtilleryArtilleryOriginally applied to any group of infantry primarily armed with projectile weapons, artillery has over time become limited in meaning to refer only to those engines of war that operate by projection of munitions far beyond the range of effect of personal weapons...
: One line regiment (9 batteries). - EngineerMilitary engineerIn military science, engineering refers to the practice of designing, building, maintaining and dismantling military works, including offensive, defensive and logistical structures, to shape the physical operating environment in war...
: One sapper company.
Order of Battle, 1908
After the Young Turk RevolutionYoung Turk Revolution
The Young Turk Revolution of 1908 reversed the suspension of the Ottoman parliament by Sultan Abdul Hamid II, marking the onset of the Second Constitutional Era...
and the establishment of the Second Constitutional Era
Second Constitutional Era (Ottoman Empire)
The Second Constitutional Era of the Ottoman Empire began shortly after Sultan Abdülhamid II restored the constitutional monarchy after the 1908 Young Turk Revolution. The period established many political groups...
on July 3, 1908, new government initiate a major military reform. Army headquarters were modernized. Its operational area was Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia
Mesopotamia is a toponym for the area of the Tigris–Euphrates river system, largely corresponding to modern-day Iraq, northeastern Syria, southeastern Turkey and southwestern Iran.Widely considered to be the cradle of civilization, Bronze Age Mesopotamia included Sumer and the...
. It commanded the following active divisions: The Sixth Army also had inspectorate functions for four Redif (reserve) divisions:
- Sixth Army
- 11th Infantry Division (On Birinci Fırka)
- 12th Infantry Division (On İkinci Fırka)
- 6th Infantry Division (Altıncı Fırka)
- 15th Artillery Brigade (On Beşinci Topçu Tugayı)
- Redif divisions of the Sixth Army (name of the division denotes its location)
- 21st BaghdadBaghdadBaghdad is the capital of Iraq, as well as the coterminous Baghdad Governorate. The population of Baghdad in 2011 is approximately 7,216,040...
Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Birinci Bağdad Redif Fırkası) - 22nd BasraBasraBasra is the capital of Basra Governorate, in southern Iraq near Kuwait and Iran. It had an estimated population of two million as of 2009...
Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi İkinci Basra Redif Fırkası) - 23rd KelkitKelkitKelkit is a town and district of Gümüşhane Province in the Black Sea region of Turkey. According to the 2010 census, population of the district is 39,547 of which 13,784 live in the town of Kelkit. The district covers an area of , and the town lies at an elevation of .Kelkit is one of the cities of...
Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Üçüncü Kelkit Redif Fırkası) - 24th MusulMosulMosul , is a city in northern Iraq and the capital of the Ninawa Governorate, some northwest of Baghdad. The original city stands on the west bank of the Tigris River, opposite the ancient Assyrian city of Nineveh on the east bank, but the metropolitan area has now grown to encompass substantial...
Reserve Infantry Division (Yirmi Dördüncü Musul Redif Fırkası)
- 21st Baghdad
Order of Battle, August 1914
In August 1914, the army was structured as follows:- Sixth Army (Commander: Cavit Pasha)
- XII CorpsXII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.- Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 35th Division, 36th Division
- XIII CorpsXIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 37th ivision
- XII Corps
Order of Battle, Late April 1915
In Late April 1915, the army was structured as follows:- Sixth Army
- 35th Division
- Provisional Infantry Division
Order of Battle, Late Summer 1915
In Late Summer 1915, the army was structured as follows:- Sixth Army
- Iraq Area CommandIraq Area Command (Ottoman Empire)The Iraq Area Command or Iraq Regional Command of the Ottoman Empire was one of the military formation of the Ottoman Army...
- XIII CorpsXIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 35th Division, 38th Division
- XVIII CorpsXVIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XVIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I.- Order of Battle, October 29, 1912 :...
- 45th Division
- XIII Corps
- Iraq Area Command
Order of Battle, January 1916
In January 1916, the army was structured as follows:- Sixth Army
- Iraq Area CommandIraq Area Command (Ottoman Empire)The Iraq Area Command or Iraq Regional Command of the Ottoman Empire was one of the military formation of the Ottoman Army...
- XIII CorpsXIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 35th Division, 52nd Division
- XVIII CorpsXVIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XVIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I.- Order of Battle, October 29, 1912 :...
- 45th Division, 51st Division
- XIII Corps
- Iraq Area Command
Order of Battle, August 1916
In August 1916, the army was structured as follows:- XIII CorpsXIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 2nd Division, 4th Division, 6th Division
- XVIII CorpsXVIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XVIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I.- Order of Battle, October 29, 1912 :...
- 35th Division, 45th Division, 51st Division, 52nd Division
Order of Battle, December 1916
In December 1916, the army was structured as follows:- XIII CorpsXIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 2nd Division, 4th Division, 6th Division
- XVIII CorpsXVIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XVIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I.- Order of Battle, October 29, 1912 :...
- 45th Division, 51st Division, 52nd Infantry Division
Order of Battle, August 1917, January 1918, June 1918
In August 1917, January, June 1918, the army was structured as follows:- XIII CorpsXIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 2nd Division, 6th Division
- XVIII CorpsXVIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XVIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I.- Order of Battle, October 29, 1912 :...
- 14th Division, 51st Division, 52nd Division
- 46th Division
Order of Battle, September 1918
In September 1918, the army was structured as follows:- XIII CorpsXIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 2nd Division, 6th Division
- XVIII CorpsXVIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XVIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed during the World War I.- Order of Battle, October 29, 1912 :...
- 14th Division, 46th Division
Order of Battle, November 1918
In November 1918, the army was structured as follows:- XIII CorpsXIII Corps (Ottoman Empire)The XIII Corps of the Ottoman Empire was one of the corps of the Ottoman Army. It was formed in the early 20th century during Ottoman military reforms.-Order of Battle, 1911 :...
- 2nd Division, 6th Division