Snipe eel
Encyclopedia
Snipe eels are a family, Nemichthyidae, of eel
s that consists of nine species in three genera. They are pelagic fishes, found in every ocean, mostly at depths of 300-600 m but sometimes as deep as 4000 m. Depending on the species, adults may reach 1-2 m (30-60 inches) in length, yet they weigh only 80-400 g (a few ounces to a pound). They are distinguished by their very slender jaws that separate toward the tips as the upper jaw curves upward. The jaws appear similar to the beak of the bird called the snipe
. Snipe eels are oviparous, and the juveniles, called Leptocephali (meaning small head), do not resemble the adults but have oval, leaf-shaped and transparent bodies. Different species of snipe eel have different shapes, sizes and colors. The similarly named bobtail snipe eel
is actually in a different family and represented by two species, the black Cyema atrum and the bright red Neocyema erythrosoma.
Family Nemichthyidae
s. They are distinguished by their very slender jaws that separate toward the tips as the upper jaw curves upward and which appear similar to the beak of the bird called the snipe
. The vent may be near the throat (as in N. scolopaceus) or further back on the body (as in A. gilli and A. infans). Depending on the species, adults may reach 30-60 inches long, and weigh only few ounces to a pound. The dorsal fins show wide variation, too. For example, A. gilli has fewer than 280 rays in its dorsal fin, while A. infans has more than 320.
The only food items actually found in the stomachs of snipe eels have been shrimp-like crustaceans, though ichthyologists believe they should be capable of catching and eating small fish and cephalopods also. Since predatory fishes often feed on eel larvae, it is presumed by scientists and ichthyologists that they feed on snipe eel larvae as well. It is also thought that larger fish eat adult snipe eels though there is not much direct evidence for this. Scientists have reported a few stories of rockfish vomiting up a snipe eel after being caught and hauled to the surface in a trawl net.
and off the coast of California
, it seems that snipe eels spawn mainly in the spring, but also into early summer. The juvenile forms of eels are generally called leptocephali
(meaning “small head”) and do not look like their adult forms. They are flat and transparent, taking forms that may be elongated or closer to the shape of a leaf. They remain in the larval form and near the surface (upper 200 m) for several months before descending to metamorphose. This is similar to other eel species but much longer than most other fish.
The bobtail snipe eel
s are two species of deep-sea fishes in the family Cyematidae, one only in each of two genera
. They are small elongate fishes, growing up to 16 centimeters (6 inches) long. They are bathypelagic (deep-water ocean-dwellers) and have been found down to 5,000 meters (16,400 feet). They are found in all oceans. Cyema atrum is black, while Neocyema erythrosoma is bright red.
Sawtooth eel
s are a family, Serrivomeridae, of eels found in temperate and tropical seas worldwide. Sawtooth eels get their name from the saw-like arrangement of inward-slanting teeth attached to the vomer bone in the roof of the mouth. They are deep water pelagic fish
.There are eleven species of sawtooth eels in two genera:
Eel
Eels are an order of fish, which consists of four suborders, 20 families, 111 genera and approximately 800 species. Most eels are predators...
s that consists of nine species in three genera. They are pelagic fishes, found in every ocean, mostly at depths of 300-600 m but sometimes as deep as 4000 m. Depending on the species, adults may reach 1-2 m (30-60 inches) in length, yet they weigh only 80-400 g (a few ounces to a pound). They are distinguished by their very slender jaws that separate toward the tips as the upper jaw curves upward. The jaws appear similar to the beak of the bird called the snipe
Snipe
A snipe is any of about 25 wading bird species in three genera in the family Scolopacidae. They are characterized by a very long, slender bill and crypsis plumage. The Gallinago snipes have a nearly worldwide distribution, the Lymnocryptes Jack Snipe is restricted to Asia and Europe and the...
. Snipe eels are oviparous, and the juveniles, called Leptocephali (meaning small head), do not resemble the adults but have oval, leaf-shaped and transparent bodies. Different species of snipe eel have different shapes, sizes and colors. The similarly named bobtail snipe eel
Bobtail snipe eel
The bobtail snipe eels are two species of deep-sea fishes in the family Cyematidae, one only in each of two genera. They are small elongate fishes, growing up to 16 centimeters long....
is actually in a different family and represented by two species, the black Cyema atrum and the bright red Neocyema erythrosoma.
Genera and species
There are nine species in three genera:Family Nemichthyidae
- Genus AvocettinaAvocettinaAvocettina is a genus of eels in the snipe-eel family Nemichthyidae. It currently contains the following species:* Avocettina acuticeps * Avocettina bowersii...
- Genus LabichthysLabichthysLabichthys is a genus of eels in the snipe-eel family Nemichthyidae. It currently contains the following species:* Labichthys carinatus Gill and Ryder, 1883* Labichthys yanoi...
- Genus NemichthysNemichthysNemichthys is a genus of eels in the snipe-eel family Nemichthyidae. It currently contains the following species:* Nemichthys curvirostris * Nemichthys larseni Nielsen & D. G. Smith, 1978...
Distribution
Snipe eels are found in every ocean and generally occupy depths of 300-600 m, though specimens have been caught nearer the surface at night, and storms occasionally result in individuals being stranded on the shore. Larval snipe eels occupy more shallow regions of 60-70 m before descending to metamorphose into adult form.Characteristics
Snipe eels have the long, slender body typical of eelEel
Eels are an order of fish, which consists of four suborders, 20 families, 111 genera and approximately 800 species. Most eels are predators...
s. They are distinguished by their very slender jaws that separate toward the tips as the upper jaw curves upward and which appear similar to the beak of the bird called the snipe
Snipe
A snipe is any of about 25 wading bird species in three genera in the family Scolopacidae. They are characterized by a very long, slender bill and crypsis plumage. The Gallinago snipes have a nearly worldwide distribution, the Lymnocryptes Jack Snipe is restricted to Asia and Europe and the...
. The vent may be near the throat (as in N. scolopaceus) or further back on the body (as in A. gilli and A. infans). Depending on the species, adults may reach 30-60 inches long, and weigh only few ounces to a pound. The dorsal fins show wide variation, too. For example, A. gilli has fewer than 280 rays in its dorsal fin, while A. infans has more than 320.
Reproduction
Based on studies of several species of snipe eel in the Sargasso SeaSargasso Sea
The Sargasso Sea is a region in the middle of the North Atlantic Ocean, surrounded by ocean currents. It is bounded on the west by the Gulf Stream; on the north, by the North Atlantic Current; on the east, by the Canary Current; and on the south, by the North Atlantic Equatorial Current. This...
and off the coast of California
California
California is a state located on the West Coast of the United States. It is by far the most populous U.S. state, and the third-largest by land area...
, it seems that snipe eels spawn mainly in the spring, but also into early summer. The juvenile forms of eels are generally called leptocephali
Leptocephalus
A leptocephalus is the flat and transparent larva of the eel, marine eels, and other members of the Superorder Elopomorpha. Fishes with a leptocephalus larva stage include the most familiar eels such as the conger, moray eel, and garden eel, and the freshwater eels of the family Anguillidae, plus...
(meaning “small head”) and do not look like their adult forms. They are flat and transparent, taking forms that may be elongated or closer to the shape of a leaf. They remain in the larval form and near the surface (upper 200 m) for several months before descending to metamorphose. This is similar to other eel species but much longer than most other fish.
Similar fishes
Bobtail snipe eel
The bobtail snipe eels are two species of deep-sea fishes in the family Cyematidae, one only in each of two genera. They are small elongate fishes, growing up to 16 centimeters long....
s are two species of deep-sea fishes in the family Cyematidae, one only in each of two genera
Genus
In biology, a genus is a low-level taxonomic rank used in the biological classification of living and fossil organisms, which is an example of definition by genus and differentia...
. They are small elongate fishes, growing up to 16 centimeters (6 inches) long. They are bathypelagic (deep-water ocean-dwellers) and have been found down to 5,000 meters (16,400 feet). They are found in all oceans. Cyema atrum is black, while Neocyema erythrosoma is bright red.
Sawtooth eel
Sawtooth eel
Sawtooth eels are a family, Serrivomeridae, of eels found in temperate and tropical seas worldwide.Sawtooth eels get their name from the saw-like arrangement of inward-slanting teeth attached to the vomer bone in the roof of the mouth...
s are a family, Serrivomeridae, of eels found in temperate and tropical seas worldwide. Sawtooth eels get their name from the saw-like arrangement of inward-slanting teeth attached to the vomer bone in the roof of the mouth. They are deep water pelagic fish
Pelagic fish
Pelagic fish live near the surface or in the water column of coastal, ocean and lake waters, but not on the bottom of the sea or the lake. They can be contrasted with demersal fish, which do live on or near the bottom, and reef fish which are associated with coral reefs.The marine pelagic...
.There are eleven species of sawtooth eels in two genera: