Sociative case
Encyclopedia
This case in Hungarian language
can express the person in whose company (cf. Latin
socius) the action is carried out, or to any belongings of people which take part in the action (together with their owners). It is denoted by the suffixes "-stul/-stül," depending on vowel harmony
. This case is obsolete and nowadays the instrumental-comitative case
is usually used instead. Nevertheless, it can be used also in modern Hungarian to express a slight pejorative tone against a person. For example: "Karácsonykor egy fillér nélkül, kölyköstül állított be az anyósához" means Without a dime, she wound up in her mother-in-law's house at Christmas with her kids. The use of the sociative case "kölyköstül" (with her kids) signifies the speaker's contempt. The case appears also in some commonly used expressions, which survived the general obsolescence of the sociative case: "Ruhástul ugrott a medencébe" means He jumped into the pool with his clothes on, and "A fenevad szőröstül-bőröstül felfalta a védtelen kis nyuszit" means The monster devoured the helpless little bunny neck and crop.
Hungarian language
Hungarian is a Uralic language, part of the Ugric group. With some 14 million speakers, it is one of the most widely spoken non-Indo-European languages in Europe....
can express the person in whose company (cf. Latin
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
socius) the action is carried out, or to any belongings of people which take part in the action (together with their owners). It is denoted by the suffixes "-stul/-stül," depending on vowel harmony
Vowel harmony
Vowel harmony is a type of long-distance assimilatory phonological process involving vowels that occurs in some languages. In languages with vowel harmony, there are constraints on which vowels may be found near each other....
. This case is obsolete and nowadays the instrumental-comitative case
Instrumental-comitative case
This case in Hungarian language contains the Instrumental case and the Comitative case at the same time. It is similar to the English preposition with....
is usually used instead. Nevertheless, it can be used also in modern Hungarian to express a slight pejorative tone against a person. For example: "Karácsonykor egy fillér nélkül, kölyköstül állított be az anyósához" means Without a dime, she wound up in her mother-in-law's house at Christmas with her kids. The use of the sociative case "kölyköstül" (with her kids) signifies the speaker's contempt. The case appears also in some commonly used expressions, which survived the general obsolescence of the sociative case: "Ruhástul ugrott a medencébe" means He jumped into the pool with his clothes on, and "A fenevad szőröstül-bőröstül felfalta a védtelen kis nyuszit" means The monster devoured the helpless little bunny neck and crop.