Sodalitium Pianum
Encyclopedia
Sodalitium Pianum is Latin
for "the fellowship of Pius" (referring to Pope
Pius X). It can refer to two different groups.
known as Modernism
, Pope Pius X
issued in 1907 the encyclical
Pascendi Dominici Gregis
and the decree
Lamentabili Sane Exitu
, which condemned the movement as a heresy.
To ensure enforcement of these decisions, Monsignor Umberto Benigni
organized, through his personal contacts with theologians, an unofficial group of censors who would report to him those thought to be teaching condemned doctrine. This group was called the Sodalitium Pianum, i.e. Fellowship of Pius (X), which in France was known as La Sapinière. It never had more than fifty members, but its frequently overzealous and clandestine methods, including opening and photographing private letters, and checking out the records of the local bookshop to see who was buying what, hindered rather than helped the Church's combat against Modernism.
Cardinal Secretary of State Rafael Merry del Val prevented the association from gaining canonical recognition, and the competent department of the Roman Curia
disbanded it in 1921 on the grounds of "changed circumstances". According to Yves Congar
O.P., the network remained operational to some degree until the early years of the Second World War.
Researchers are divided in their opinions about the extent to which Pius X was aware of or approved Benigni's initiatives.
group of Traditionalist Catholic
s also known as Istituto Mater Boni Consilii
, an offshoot of the Traditionalist Society of St. Pius X
.
Latin
Latin is an Italic language originally spoken in Latium and Ancient Rome. It, along with most European languages, is a descendant of the ancient Proto-Indo-European language. Although it is considered a dead language, a number of scholars and members of the Christian clergy speak it fluently, and...
for "the fellowship of Pius" (referring to Pope
Pope
The Pope is the Bishop of Rome, a position that makes him the leader of the worldwide Catholic Church . In the Catholic Church, the Pope is regarded as the successor of Saint Peter, the Apostle...
Pius X). It can refer to two different groups.
In Roman Catholicism
In reaction to the movement within the Roman Catholic ChurchRoman Catholic Church
The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with over a billion members. Led by the Pope, it defines its mission as spreading the gospel of Jesus Christ, administering the sacraments and exercising charity...
known as Modernism
Modernism (Roman Catholicism)
Modernism refers to theological opinions expressed during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, but with influence reaching into the 21st century, which are characterized by a break with the past. Catholic modernists form an amorphous group. The term "modernist" appears in Pope Pius X's 1907...
, Pope Pius X
Pope Pius X
Pope Saint Pius X , born Giuseppe Melchiorre Sarto, was the 257th Pope of the Catholic Church, serving from 1903 to 1914. He was the first pope since Pope Pius V to be canonized. Pius X rejected modernist interpretations of Catholic doctrine, promoting traditional devotional practices and orthodox...
issued in 1907 the encyclical
Encyclical
An encyclical was originally a circular letter sent to all the churches of a particular area in the ancient Catholic Church. At that time, the word could be used for a letter sent out by any bishop...
Pascendi Dominici Gregis
Pascendi Dominici Gregis
Pascendi dominici gregis was a Papal encyclical letter promulgated by Pope Pius X on 8 September 1907.The pope condemned Modernism, and a whole range of other principles described as "evolutionary", which allowed change to Roman Catholic dogma...
and the decree
Decree
A decree is a rule of law issued by a head of state , according to certain procedures . It has the force of law...
Lamentabili Sane Exitu
Lamentabili Sane Exitu
Lamentabili Sane Exitu is a 1907 syllabus, prepared by the Holy Office and confirmed by Pope Pius X, which condemned errors in the exegesis of Holy Scripture and in the history and interpretation of dogma...
, which condemned the movement as a heresy.
To ensure enforcement of these decisions, Monsignor Umberto Benigni
Umberto Benigni
Umberto Benigni was a Catholic priest and Church historian, who was born on 30 March 1862 in Perugia, Italy and died on 27 February 1934 in Rome....
organized, through his personal contacts with theologians, an unofficial group of censors who would report to him those thought to be teaching condemned doctrine. This group was called the Sodalitium Pianum, i.e. Fellowship of Pius (X), which in France was known as La Sapinière. It never had more than fifty members, but its frequently overzealous and clandestine methods, including opening and photographing private letters, and checking out the records of the local bookshop to see who was buying what, hindered rather than helped the Church's combat against Modernism.
Cardinal Secretary of State Rafael Merry del Val prevented the association from gaining canonical recognition, and the competent department of the Roman Curia
Roman Curia
The Roman Curia is the administrative apparatus of the Holy See and the central governing body of the entire Catholic Church, together with the Pope...
disbanded it in 1921 on the grounds of "changed circumstances". According to Yves Congar
Yves Congar
Yves Marie Joseph Congar was a French Dominican cardinal and theologian.-Early life:Born in Sedan, in northeast France, in 1904, Congar's home was occupied by the Germans for much of World War I...
O.P., the network remained operational to some degree until the early years of the Second World War.
Researchers are divided in their opinions about the extent to which Pius X was aware of or approved Benigni's initiatives.
In sedeprivationism
In 1985, the name Sodalitium Pianum was adopted by a sedeprivationistSedeprivationism
Sedeprivationism is an ideological school or party of the traditionalist Roman Catholic movement that holds that Popes since John XXIII have been defective Popes, following the principles of the late French theologian Michel Louis Guérard des Lauriers, O.P., as Lauriers set it out in his thesis...
group of Traditionalist Catholic
Traditionalist Catholic
Traditionalist Catholics are Roman Catholics who believe that there should be a restoration of many or all of the liturgical forms, public and private devotions and presentations of Catholic teachings which prevailed in the Catholic Church before the Second Vatican Council...
s also known as Istituto Mater Boni Consilii
Istituto Mater Boni Consilii
The Istituto Mater Boni Consilii or the Institute of the Mother of Good Counsel is a Traditionalist Catholic congregation of priests who follow the Sedeprivationist school of thought....
, an offshoot of the Traditionalist Society of St. Pius X
Society of St. Pius X
The Society of Saint Pius X is an international Traditionalist Catholic organisation, founded in 1970 by the French archbishop Marcel Lefebvre...
.