South Arkansas lies within the southern most portions of Arkansas Gulf Coastal Plain

Gulf Coastal Plain

The Gulf Coastal Plain extends around the Gulf of Mexico in the Southern United States and eastern Mexico.The plain reaches from the western Florida Panhandle, the southwestern two thirds of Alabama, over most of Mississippi, some of western Tennessee and Kentucky, southwest Arkansas, the Florida...

 and Delta

Arkansas Delta

The Arkansas Delta is one of the five natural regions of the state of Arkansas. It runs along the eastern border of the state next to the Mississippi River. It is part of the Mississippi River alluvial plain, itself part of the Mississippi embayment...

 regions. It encompasses the lower 15 counties of the state.

History

In the 1920s, nationwide attention focused on South Arkansas when the Smackover Field was ranked first among the nation's oil fields. For five months in 1925, the 40 square miles (103.6 km²) Smackover Field was the focal point of one of the wildest mineral booms in North America. Today, south Arkansas's oil fields produce petroleum throughout a 10-county area.

Columbia and Union counties also stretch over one of the largest Brine

Brine

Brine is water, saturated or nearly saturated with salt .Brine is used to preserve vegetables, fruit, fish, and meat, in a process known as brining . Brine is also commonly used to age Halloumi and Feta cheeses, or for pickling foodstuffs, as a means of preserving them...

 reserves in the world. Bromine

Bromine

Bromine ") is a chemical element with the symbol Br, an atomic number of 35, and an atomic mass of 79.904. It is in the halogen element group. The element was isolated independently by two chemists, Carl Jacob Löwig and Antoine Jerome Balard, in 1825–1826...

 is derived from brine, or saltwater, and local companies play an international role in the commercialization of bromine and its many applications.

Counties

• Ashley County
• Bradley County
  Bradley County, Arkansas
  Bradley County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. The United States Census Bureau estimated the population to be 14,683 in 2006. The county seat is Warren. Bradley County is Arkansas's 43rd county, formed on December 18, 1840, and named for Captain Hugh Bradley, who fought in the...
  
  
• Calhoun County
• Chicot County
  Chicot County, Arkansas
  Chicot County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2010, the population is 11,800. The county seat is Lake Village. Chicot County is Arkansas's tenth county, formed on October 25, 1823, and named after Point Chicot on the Mississippi River.Landmarks around the county include...
  
  
• Cleveland County
• Columbia County
  Columbia County, Arkansas
  Columbia County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2010, the population was 24,552. The county seat is Magnolia. Columbia County was formed on December 17, 1852, and was named for Christopher Columbus...
  
  
• Desha County
  Desha County, Arkansas
  Desha County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of the 2010 census, the population was 13,008. The county seat is Arkansas City. Desha County is Arkansas's 40th county, formed on December 12, 1838, and named for Captain Benjamin Desha who fought in the War of...
  
  
• Drew County
• Hempstead County
• Lafayette County
• Little River County
  Little River County, Arkansas
  Little River County is a county located in the U.S. state of Arkansas. As of 2010, the population was 13,171. The county seat is Ashdown. Little River County is Arkansas's 59th county, formed from Sevier County on March 5, 1867, and named for the Little River...
  
  
• Miller County
• Nevada County
• Ouachita County
• Union County

Important cities and towns

• Arkansas City
  Arkansas City, Arkansas
  Arkansas City is a town in Desha County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 366 at the 2010 census. The town is the county seat of Desha County.-Geography:According to the United States Census Bureau, the town has a total area of , all of it land....
  
  
• Ashdown
  Ashdown, Arkansas
  Ashdown is a city in Little River County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 4,781 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Little River County.-Geography:Ashdown is located at ....
  
  
• Bearden
  Bearden, Arkansas
  Bearden is a city in Ouachita County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 1,125 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Camden Micropolitan Statistical Area.-Geography:Bearden is located at ....
  
  
• Camden
  Camden, Arkansas
  Camden is a city in and the county seat of Ouachita County in the southern part of the U.S. state of Arkansas. Long an area of American Indians villages, the French also made a permanent settlement here because of its advantageous location above the Ouachita River. According to 2007 Census...
  
  
• East Camden
  East Camden, Arkansas
  East Camden is a town in Ouachita County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 902 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Camden Micropolitan Statistical Area...
  
  
• El Dorado
  El Dorado, Arkansas
  El Dorado , a multi-cultural arts center: South Arkansas Arts Center , an award-winning renovated downtown, and numerous sporting, shopping, and dining opportunities. El Dorado is the population, cultural, and business center of the 7,300 mi² regional area...
  
  
• Hope
  Hope, Arkansas
  Hope is a small city in Hempstead County, Arkansas, United States. According to 2008 United States Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city was 10,378...
  
  
• Junction City
  Junction City, Arkansas
  Junction City is a city in Union County, Arkansas, United States, and is the twin city of neighboring Junction City, Louisiana. The population was 721 at the 2000 census.-Geography:Junction City is located at ....
  
  
• Kingsland
  Kingsland, Arkansas
  Kingsland is a city in Cleveland County, Arkansas, United States. Its population was 447 at the 2010 U.S. census. It is included in the Pine Bluff, Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area...
  
  
• Lake Village
  Lake Village, Arkansas
  Lake Village is a city in Chicot County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 2,823 at the 2000 census. The city is the county seat of Chicot County.Lake Village is named for its location on Lake Chicot, an oxbow lake formed from the Mississippi River...
  
  
• Louann
  Louann, Arkansas
  Louann is a town in Ouachita County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 195 at the 2000 census. It is part of the Camden Micropolitan Statistical Area.-Geography:Louann is located at ....
  
  
• Magnolia
  Magnolia, Arkansas
  Magnolia is a city in Columbia County, Arkansas, United States, that was founded in 1853. At the time of its incorporation in 1858, the city had a population of about 1,950. The city grew slowly as an agricultural and regional cotton market until the discovery of oil just east of the city in March,...
  
  
• Monticello
  Monticello, Arkansas
  Monticello is a city in Drew County, Arkansas, United States. According to 2006 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city is 9,327. The city is the county seat of Drew County. It is the home of the University of Arkansas at Monticello.-History:...
  
  
• Prescott
  Prescott, Arkansas
  Prescott is a city and the county seat of Nevada County, Arkansas. The community had a population of 3,868 at the 2000 census. Prescott is part of the Hope Micropolitan Statistical Area....
  
  
• Rison
  Rison, Arkansas
  Rison is a city in and the county seat of Cleveland County , Arkansas, United States. Its population was 1,271 at the 2000 U.S. census. It is included in the Pine Bluff, Arkansas Metropolitan Statistical Area.-Geography:Rison is located at ....
  
  
• Smackover
  Smackover, Arkansas
  Smackover is a city in Union County, Arkansas. According to the 2006 Census Bureau estimates, the population of the city stands at 1,929.The name Smackover comes from an anglicization of the French "Sumac Couvert" which translates to "covered in sumac"...
  
  
• Texarkana
  Texarkana, Arkansas
  As of the census of 2000, there were 26,448 people, 10,384 households, and 7,040 families residing in the city. The population density was 830.5 people per square mile . There were 11,721 housing units at an average density of 368.1 per square mile...
  
  
• Urbana
  Urbana, Arkansas
  Urbana is an unincorporated community in Union County, Arkansas, United States. Urbana is east-southeast of El Dorado. Urbana has a post office with ZIP code 71768....
  
  
• Waldo
  Waldo, Arkansas
  Waldo is a city in Columbia County, Arkansas, United States. The population was 1,594 at the 2000 census.Waldo celebrated its 120th year as a city in 2007. The small town was once a booming rail city on the Cotton Belt train route...