South Sulawesi languages
Encyclopedia
The South Sulawesi languages are a group of languages spoken by the Bugis
and related peoples of South Sulawesi
province, Indonesia.
A 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database fully supported the unity of Bugis, Makassar, and the northern language Tae’, and calculated with 80% confidence that Northern and Bugis were closer to each other than either was to Makassar.
The position of the Tamanic languages, usually represented by Mbalo (Maloh, Embalo), is unclear. Long left unclassified, Adelaar and Himmelmann (2005) took the view that it was especially close to the Buginese. However, the 2008 study found it to be a near isolate within Malayo-Polynesian, linking it at 75% confidence as an independent branch of Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian
.
Bugis
The Bugis are the most numerous of the three major linguistic and ethnic groups of South Sulawesi, the southwestern province of Sulawesi, Indonesia's third largest island. Although many Bugis live in the large port cities of Makassar and Parepare, the majority are farmers who grow wet rice on the...
and related peoples of South Sulawesi
South Sulawesi
South Sulawesi is a province of Indonesia, located on the western southern peninsula of Sulawesi Island. The province is bordered by Central Sulawesi province to the north, South East Sulawesi province to the east and West Sulawesi province to the west...
province, Indonesia.
Languages
- Bugis
- Buginese: BugineseBuginese languageBuginese is the language spoken by about four million people mainly in the southern part of Sulawesi, Indonesia.-History:The word Buginese derives from the word Bahasa Bugis in Malay. In Buginese, it is called while the Bugis people are called...
, Campalagian - ? TamanicTamanic languagesThe Tamanic languages are a small group of languages of Indonesian Borneo:The classification of the Tamanic languages, usually represented by Mbalo alone, is unclear. Long left unclassified, Adelaar and Himmelmann took the view that it was especially close to Buginese...
: Mbalo, TamanTaman languageTaman is an Austronesian language of Borneo. Apart from Mbalo, it is not close to other languages....
- Buginese: Buginese
- Makassar: Bentong, Konjo, Makassarese, SelayarSelayar languageSelayar or Selayarese is a Malayo-Polynesian language spoken by about 100,000 people on the island of Selayar in South Sulawesi province, Indonesia.-Vowels:Vowels are lengthened when stressed and in an open syllable.-Nasalization:...
- Seko: Budong-Budong, Panasuan, Seko
- Lemolang
- Northern
- MamujuMamuju languageMamuju is an Austronesian language of Sulawesi, Indonesia. It has no written form.-References:***...
- Andian, Manjar, Mandharsche
- Masenrempulu: Malimpung, Duri, Enrekang, Maiwa
- Pitu Ulunna Salu: Aralle-Tabulahan, Dakka, Pannei, Bambam, Ulumanda’
- Toraja-Sa’dan: Kalumpang, Mamasa, Tae’, Toraja-Sa’dan, Talondo’, Toala’
- Mamuju
A 2008 analysis of the Austronesian Basic Vocabulary Database fully supported the unity of Bugis, Makassar, and the northern language Tae’, and calculated with 80% confidence that Northern and Bugis were closer to each other than either was to Makassar.
The position of the Tamanic languages, usually represented by Mbalo (Maloh, Embalo), is unclear. Long left unclassified, Adelaar and Himmelmann (2005) took the view that it was especially close to the Buginese. However, the 2008 study found it to be a near isolate within Malayo-Polynesian, linking it at 75% confidence as an independent branch of Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian
Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian languages
The Nuclear Malayo-Polynesian languages are a branch of the Austronesian family, proposed by Wouk & Ross , that are thought to have dispersed from a possible homeland in Sulawesi. They are called nuclear because they are the conceptual core of the Malayo-Polynesian family, including both Malay and...
.